High pretreatment static and dynamic alpha‐fetoprotein values predict reduced overall survival in hepatocellular carcinoma
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide. Novel prognostic and/or predictive biomarkers are urgently needed to improve patient management. Alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) is a well‐established and widely used biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma. However, diagnostic...
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creator | Czauderna, Carolin Schmidtmann, Irene Koch, Sandra Pilz, Lukas Heinrich, Sophia Otto, Gerd Mittler, Jens Lang, Hauke Kloeckner, Roman Düber, Christoph Sprinzl, Martin F. Worns, Marcus A. Galle, Peter R. Marquardt, Jens U. Weinmann, Arndt |
description | Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide. Novel prognostic and/or predictive biomarkers are urgently needed to improve patient management. Alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) is a well‐established and widely used biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma. However, diagnostic accuracy of static AFP values is limited and the clinical potential is a matter of ongoing scientific discussion.
Objective
We here evaluated the prognostic impact of pretreatment static and dynamic AFP variables on overall survival of hepatocellular carcinoma patients in a Western cohort.
Methods
Patients with confirmed hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 809) treated at the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz between 1998 and 2014 and two available pretreatment AFP‐values (AFP‐slope) were retrospectively analysed. Clinicopathological baseline parameters, pretreatment static values and AFP‐slope were assessed. Prognostic impact was determined by Kaplan–Meier analyses and Cox regression models.
Results
High static and dynamic AFP variables prior to therapy were associated with reduced survival rates of hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Several known clinical parameters such as Child–Pugh B (p < 0.01) and C stage (p |
doi_str_mv | 10.1177/2050640620972611 |
format | Article |
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Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide. Novel prognostic and/or predictive biomarkers are urgently needed to improve patient management. Alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) is a well‐established and widely used biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma. However, diagnostic accuracy of static AFP values is limited and the clinical potential is a matter of ongoing scientific discussion.
Objective
We here evaluated the prognostic impact of pretreatment static and dynamic AFP variables on overall survival of hepatocellular carcinoma patients in a Western cohort.
Methods
Patients with confirmed hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 809) treated at the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz between 1998 and 2014 and two available pretreatment AFP‐values (AFP‐slope) were retrospectively analysed. Clinicopathological baseline parameters, pretreatment static values and AFP‐slope were assessed. Prognostic impact was determined by Kaplan–Meier analyses and Cox regression models.
Results
High static and dynamic AFP variables prior to therapy were associated with reduced survival rates of hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Several known clinical parameters such as Child–Pugh B (p < 0.01) and C stage (p < 0.001), portal vein thrombosis (p < 0.001) and extrahepatic spread (p < 0.001) were confirmed as independent predictors for overall survival. Addition of static and/or dynamic AFP variable resulted in higher time‐dependent area under the curves. Notably, in patients with more favourable prognosis, AFP‐slope prior to therapy was a slightly stronger predictor for overall survival compared with static AFP values.
Conclusion
Static and dynamic AFP variables prior to therapy are predictive for overall survival of hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Addition of AFP‐slope to established prognostic parameters might improve prognostic classification for a subgroup of hepatocellular carcinoma patients with preserved liver function and without portal vein tumour thrombosis.
Key Summary
Alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) is the most commonly used biomarker for hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), but accuracy of static and dynamic AFP values is limited and the prognostic significance is under debate.
High static and dynamic AFP variables prior to therapy are associated with reduced survival rates of HCC patients across different tumour stages and treatment modalities.
In patients with more favourable prognosis, AFP‐slope prior to therapy was a better predictor for overall survival in comparison with static AFP values.
Addition of AFP‐slope to established prognostic parameters might improve prognostic classification for a subgroup of HCC.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2050-6406</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2050-6414</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1177/2050640620972611</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33709539</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: John Wiley & Sons, Inc</publisher><subject>Ablation ; Alcohol ; alpha‐fetoprotein ; biomarker ; Biomarkers ; Etiology ; Hepatitis ; Hepatobiliary ; hepatocellular carcinoma ; Liver cancer ; Liver cirrhosis ; Liver diseases ; Liver transplants ; Medical prognosis ; Original ; Patients ; prognosis ; Regression analysis ; Surveillance ; survival ; Thrombosis</subject><ispartof>United European gastroenterology journal, 2021-04, Vol.9 (3), p.388-397</ispartof><rights>2020 The Authors. United European Gastroenterology Journal published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of United European Gastroenterology.</rights><rights>2021. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (the "License"). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4726-3fed6e16c1367ab4148721d0f67df6854b29b2b80d1bffe91d824921779ee3103</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4726-3fed6e16c1367ab4148721d0f67df6854b29b2b80d1bffe91d824921779ee3103</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-3650-2921</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8259127/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8259127/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,1416,11560,27922,27923,45572,45573,46050,46474,53789,53791</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33709539$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Czauderna, Carolin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schmidtmann, Irene</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koch, Sandra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pilz, Lukas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Heinrich, Sophia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Otto, Gerd</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mittler, Jens</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lang, Hauke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kloeckner, Roman</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Düber, Christoph</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sprinzl, Martin F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Worns, Marcus A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Galle, Peter R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marquardt, Jens U.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weinmann, Arndt</creatorcontrib><title>High pretreatment static and dynamic alpha‐fetoprotein values predict reduced overall survival in hepatocellular carcinoma</title><title>United European gastroenterology journal</title><addtitle>United European Gastroenterol J</addtitle><description>Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide. Novel prognostic and/or predictive biomarkers are urgently needed to improve patient management. Alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) is a well‐established and widely used biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma. However, diagnostic accuracy of static AFP values is limited and the clinical potential is a matter of ongoing scientific discussion.
Objective
We here evaluated the prognostic impact of pretreatment static and dynamic AFP variables on overall survival of hepatocellular carcinoma patients in a Western cohort.
Methods
Patients with confirmed hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 809) treated at the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz between 1998 and 2014 and two available pretreatment AFP‐values (AFP‐slope) were retrospectively analysed. Clinicopathological baseline parameters, pretreatment static values and AFP‐slope were assessed. Prognostic impact was determined by Kaplan–Meier analyses and Cox regression models.
Results
High static and dynamic AFP variables prior to therapy were associated with reduced survival rates of hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Several known clinical parameters such as Child–Pugh B (p < 0.01) and C stage (p < 0.001), portal vein thrombosis (p < 0.001) and extrahepatic spread (p < 0.001) were confirmed as independent predictors for overall survival. Addition of static and/or dynamic AFP variable resulted in higher time‐dependent area under the curves. Notably, in patients with more favourable prognosis, AFP‐slope prior to therapy was a slightly stronger predictor for overall survival compared with static AFP values.
Conclusion
Static and dynamic AFP variables prior to therapy are predictive for overall survival of hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Addition of AFP‐slope to established prognostic parameters might improve prognostic classification for a subgroup of hepatocellular carcinoma patients with preserved liver function and without portal vein tumour thrombosis.
Key Summary
Alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) is the most commonly used biomarker for hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), but accuracy of static and dynamic AFP values is limited and the prognostic significance is under debate.
High static and dynamic AFP variables prior to therapy are associated with reduced survival rates of HCC patients across different tumour stages and treatment modalities.
In patients with more favourable prognosis, AFP‐slope prior to therapy was a better predictor for overall survival in comparison with static AFP values.
Addition of AFP‐slope to established prognostic parameters might improve prognostic classification for a subgroup of HCC.</description><subject>Ablation</subject><subject>Alcohol</subject><subject>alpha‐fetoprotein</subject><subject>biomarker</subject><subject>Biomarkers</subject><subject>Etiology</subject><subject>Hepatitis</subject><subject>Hepatobiliary</subject><subject>hepatocellular carcinoma</subject><subject>Liver cancer</subject><subject>Liver cirrhosis</subject><subject>Liver diseases</subject><subject>Liver transplants</subject><subject>Medical prognosis</subject><subject>Original</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>prognosis</subject><subject>Regression analysis</subject><subject>Surveillance</subject><subject>survival</subject><subject>Thrombosis</subject><issn>2050-6406</issn><issn>2050-6414</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>24P</sourceid><sourceid>WIN</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkU1rFTEUhgdRbKndu5KAGzdX8zX52AhSaisU3Nh1yCRnelNmJmOSuXLBhT_B3-gvMcOtF-3GbM4hec7LefM2zUuC3xIi5TuKWyw4FhRrSQUhT5rT9WojOOFPjz0WJ815zve4HqU4pfx5c8KYxLpl-rT5fh3utmhOUBLYMsJUUC62BIfs5JHfT3Zc-2He2l8_fvZQ4pxigTChnR0WyOuoD66gWhYHHsUdJDsMKC9pFyqDKrqF2ZboYBiWwSbkbHJhiqN90Tzr7ZDh_KGeNbcfL79cXG9uPl99uvhws3G8OtuwHrwAIhxhQtqu2lOSEo97IX0vVMs7qjvaKexJ1_egiVeUa1r_SAMwgtlZ8_6gOy_dCN5Vl3VHM6cw2rQ30Qbz78sUtuYu7oyirSZUVoE3DwIpfq2uixlDXv3YCeKSDW0xoa1qMa_o60fofVzSVO0ZhjVWWjPOKoUPlEsx5wT9cRmCzZqueZxuHXn1t4njwJ8sKyAPwLcwwP6_gub28ooSiolgvwHwkrI_</recordid><startdate>202104</startdate><enddate>202104</enddate><creator>Czauderna, Carolin</creator><creator>Schmidtmann, Irene</creator><creator>Koch, Sandra</creator><creator>Pilz, Lukas</creator><creator>Heinrich, Sophia</creator><creator>Otto, Gerd</creator><creator>Mittler, Jens</creator><creator>Lang, Hauke</creator><creator>Kloeckner, Roman</creator><creator>Düber, Christoph</creator><creator>Sprinzl, Martin F.</creator><creator>Worns, Marcus A.</creator><creator>Galle, Peter R.</creator><creator>Marquardt, Jens U.</creator><creator>Weinmann, Arndt</creator><general>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</general><general>John Wiley and Sons Inc</general><scope>24P</scope><scope>WIN</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-2921</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202104</creationdate><title>High pretreatment static and dynamic alpha‐fetoprotein values predict reduced overall survival in hepatocellular carcinoma</title><author>Czauderna, Carolin ; Schmidtmann, Irene ; Koch, Sandra ; Pilz, Lukas ; Heinrich, Sophia ; Otto, Gerd ; Mittler, Jens ; Lang, Hauke ; Kloeckner, Roman ; Düber, Christoph ; Sprinzl, Martin F. ; Worns, Marcus A. ; Galle, Peter R. ; Marquardt, Jens U. ; Weinmann, Arndt</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4726-3fed6e16c1367ab4148721d0f67df6854b29b2b80d1bffe91d824921779ee3103</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Ablation</topic><topic>Alcohol</topic><topic>alpha‐fetoprotein</topic><topic>biomarker</topic><topic>Biomarkers</topic><topic>Etiology</topic><topic>Hepatitis</topic><topic>Hepatobiliary</topic><topic>hepatocellular carcinoma</topic><topic>Liver cancer</topic><topic>Liver cirrhosis</topic><topic>Liver diseases</topic><topic>Liver transplants</topic><topic>Medical prognosis</topic><topic>Original</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>prognosis</topic><topic>Regression analysis</topic><topic>Surveillance</topic><topic>survival</topic><topic>Thrombosis</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Czauderna, Carolin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schmidtmann, Irene</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koch, Sandra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pilz, Lukas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Heinrich, Sophia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Otto, Gerd</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mittler, Jens</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lang, Hauke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kloeckner, Roman</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Düber, Christoph</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sprinzl, Martin F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Worns, Marcus A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Galle, Peter R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marquardt, Jens U.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weinmann, Arndt</creatorcontrib><collection>Wiley Online Library Open Access</collection><collection>Wiley Free Content</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>United European gastroenterology journal</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Czauderna, Carolin</au><au>Schmidtmann, Irene</au><au>Koch, Sandra</au><au>Pilz, Lukas</au><au>Heinrich, Sophia</au><au>Otto, Gerd</au><au>Mittler, Jens</au><au>Lang, Hauke</au><au>Kloeckner, Roman</au><au>Düber, Christoph</au><au>Sprinzl, Martin F.</au><au>Worns, Marcus A.</au><au>Galle, Peter R.</au><au>Marquardt, Jens U.</au><au>Weinmann, Arndt</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>High pretreatment static and dynamic alpha‐fetoprotein values predict reduced overall survival in hepatocellular carcinoma</atitle><jtitle>United European gastroenterology journal</jtitle><addtitle>United European Gastroenterol J</addtitle><date>2021-04</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>9</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>388</spage><epage>397</epage><pages>388-397</pages><issn>2050-6406</issn><eissn>2050-6414</eissn><abstract>Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide. Novel prognostic and/or predictive biomarkers are urgently needed to improve patient management. Alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) is a well‐established and widely used biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma. However, diagnostic accuracy of static AFP values is limited and the clinical potential is a matter of ongoing scientific discussion.
Objective
We here evaluated the prognostic impact of pretreatment static and dynamic AFP variables on overall survival of hepatocellular carcinoma patients in a Western cohort.
Methods
Patients with confirmed hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 809) treated at the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz between 1998 and 2014 and two available pretreatment AFP‐values (AFP‐slope) were retrospectively analysed. Clinicopathological baseline parameters, pretreatment static values and AFP‐slope were assessed. Prognostic impact was determined by Kaplan–Meier analyses and Cox regression models.
Results
High static and dynamic AFP variables prior to therapy were associated with reduced survival rates of hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Several known clinical parameters such as Child–Pugh B (p < 0.01) and C stage (p < 0.001), portal vein thrombosis (p < 0.001) and extrahepatic spread (p < 0.001) were confirmed as independent predictors for overall survival. Addition of static and/or dynamic AFP variable resulted in higher time‐dependent area under the curves. Notably, in patients with more favourable prognosis, AFP‐slope prior to therapy was a slightly stronger predictor for overall survival compared with static AFP values.
Conclusion
Static and dynamic AFP variables prior to therapy are predictive for overall survival of hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Addition of AFP‐slope to established prognostic parameters might improve prognostic classification for a subgroup of hepatocellular carcinoma patients with preserved liver function and without portal vein tumour thrombosis.
Key Summary
Alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) is the most commonly used biomarker for hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), but accuracy of static and dynamic AFP values is limited and the prognostic significance is under debate.
High static and dynamic AFP variables prior to therapy are associated with reduced survival rates of HCC patients across different tumour stages and treatment modalities.
In patients with more favourable prognosis, AFP‐slope prior to therapy was a better predictor for overall survival in comparison with static AFP values.
Addition of AFP‐slope to established prognostic parameters might improve prognostic classification for a subgroup of HCC.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</pub><pmid>33709539</pmid><doi>10.1177/2050640620972611</doi><tpages>10</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-2921</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Ablation Alcohol alpha‐fetoprotein biomarker Biomarkers Etiology Hepatitis Hepatobiliary hepatocellular carcinoma Liver cancer Liver cirrhosis Liver diseases Liver transplants Medical prognosis Original Patients prognosis Regression analysis Surveillance survival Thrombosis |
title | High pretreatment static and dynamic alpha‐fetoprotein values predict reduced overall survival in hepatocellular carcinoma |
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