Current and Past Infections of HBV Do Not Increase Mortality in Patients With COVID‐19
Background and Aims We compared risk of acute liver injury and mortality in patients with COVID‐19 and current, past, and no HBV infection. Approach and Results This was a territory‐wide retrospective cohort study in Hong Kong. Patients with COVID‐19 between January 23, 2020, and January 1, 2021, we...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) Md.), 2021-10, Vol.74 (4), p.1750-1765 |
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| creator | Yip, Terry Cheuk‐Fung Wong, Vincent Wai‐Sun Lui, Grace Chung‐Yan Chow, Viola Chi‐Ying Tse, Yee‐Kit Hui, Vicki Wing‐Ki Liang, Lilian Yan Chan, Henry Lik‐Yuen Hui, David Shu‐Cheong Wong, Grace Lai‐Hung |
| description | Background and Aims
We compared risk of acute liver injury and mortality in patients with COVID‐19 and current, past, and no HBV infection.
Approach and Results
This was a territory‐wide retrospective cohort study in Hong Kong. Patients with COVID‐19 between January 23, 2020, and January 1, 2021, were identified. Patients with hepatitis C or no HBsAg results were excluded. The primary outcome was mortality. Acute liver injury was defined as alanine aminotransferase or aspartate aminotransferase ≥2 × upper limit of normal (ULN; i.e., 80 U/L), with total bilirubin ≥2 × ULN (i.e., 2.2 mg/dL) and/or international normalized ratio ≥1.7. Of 5,639 patients included, 353 (6.3%) and 359 (6.4%) had current and past HBV infection, respectively. Compared to patients without known HBV exposure, current HBV‐infected patients were older and more likely to have cirrhosis. Past HBV‐infected patients were the oldest, and more had diabetes and cardiovascular disease. At a median follow‐up of 14 (9‐20) days, 138 (2.4%) patients died; acute liver injury occurred in 58 (1.2%), 8 (2.3%), and 11 (3.1%) patients with no, current, and past HBV infection, respectively. Acute liver injury (adjusted HR [aHR], 2.45; 95% CI, 1.52‐3.96; P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/hep.31890 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_8239872</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2524362115</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4430-5415bd5c26b0e02646cbc85704736a37d643c740dd9430ed385d6e65697439d33</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kc1uEzEURi0EomlhwQsgS2xgMa3t65_xBqmkhUQqtAso7CzHdoiryTjYM0XZ8Qg8I0-CS0oFSKzu4p579F19CD2h5JASwo5WYXMItNXkHppQwVQDIMh9NCFMkUZT0Htov5QrQojmrH2I9gC0pEy3E_RpOuYc-gHb3uMLWwY875fBDTH1Baclnr26xCcJv0s3C5eDLQG_TXmwXRy2OPb1Zoj1vuCPcVjh6fnl_OTHt-9UP0IPlrYr4fHtPEAfXp--n86as_M38-nxWeM4B9IITsXCC8fkggTCJJdu4VqhCFcgLSgvOTjFife64sFDK7wMUkitOGgPcIBe7rybcbEO3tUs2XZmk-Pa5q1JNpq_N31cmc_p2rQMdKtYFTy_FeT0ZQxlMOtYXOg624c0FsME4yAZpaKiz_5Br9KY-_pepZTQoKluK_ViR7mcSslheReGEnPTl6l9mV99Vfbpn-nvyN8FVeBoB3yNXdj-32Rmpxc75U89Ap1d</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2575939198</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Current and Past Infections of HBV Do Not Increase Mortality in Patients With COVID‐19</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals</source><source>Access via Wiley Online Library</source><creator>Yip, Terry Cheuk‐Fung ; Wong, Vincent Wai‐Sun ; Lui, Grace Chung‐Yan ; Chow, Viola Chi‐Ying ; Tse, Yee‐Kit ; Hui, Vicki Wing‐Ki ; Liang, Lilian Yan ; Chan, Henry Lik‐Yuen ; Hui, David Shu‐Cheong ; Wong, Grace Lai‐Hung</creator><creatorcontrib>Yip, Terry Cheuk‐Fung ; Wong, Vincent Wai‐Sun ; Lui, Grace Chung‐Yan ; Chow, Viola Chi‐Ying ; Tse, Yee‐Kit ; Hui, Vicki Wing‐Ki ; Liang, Lilian Yan ; Chan, Henry Lik‐Yuen ; Hui, David Shu‐Cheong ; Wong, Grace Lai‐Hung</creatorcontrib><description>Background and Aims
We compared risk of acute liver injury and mortality in patients with COVID‐19 and current, past, and no HBV infection.
Approach and Results
This was a territory‐wide retrospective cohort study in Hong Kong. Patients with COVID‐19 between January 23, 2020, and January 1, 2021, were identified. Patients with hepatitis C or no HBsAg results were excluded. The primary outcome was mortality. Acute liver injury was defined as alanine aminotransferase or aspartate aminotransferase ≥2 × upper limit of normal (ULN; i.e., 80 U/L), with total bilirubin ≥2 × ULN (i.e., 2.2 mg/dL) and/or international normalized ratio ≥1.7. Of 5,639 patients included, 353 (6.3%) and 359 (6.4%) had current and past HBV infection, respectively. Compared to patients without known HBV exposure, current HBV‐infected patients were older and more likely to have cirrhosis. Past HBV‐infected patients were the oldest, and more had diabetes and cardiovascular disease. At a median follow‐up of 14 (9‐20) days, 138 (2.4%) patients died; acute liver injury occurred in 58 (1.2%), 8 (2.3%), and 11 (3.1%) patients with no, current, and past HBV infection, respectively. Acute liver injury (adjusted HR [aHR], 2.45; 95% CI, 1.52‐3.96; P < 0.001), but not current (aHR, 1.29; 95% CI, 0.61‐2.70; P = 0.507) or past (aHR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.56‐1.46; P = 0.681) HBV infection, was associated with mortality. Use of corticosteroid, antifungal, ribavirin, or lopinavir–ritonavir (adjusted OR [aOR], 2.55‐5.63), but not current (aOR, 1.93; 95% CI, 0.88‐4.24; P = 0.102) or past (aOR, 1.25; 95% CI, 0.62‐2.55; P = 0.533) HBV infection, was associated with acute liver injury.
Conclusion
Current or past HBV infections were not associated with more liver injury and mortality in COVID‐19.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0270-9139</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1527-3350</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/hep.31890</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33961298</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Acute Lung Injury - blood ; Acute Lung Injury - diagnosis ; Acute Lung Injury - epidemiology ; Acute Lung Injury - virology ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Alanine ; Alanine Transaminase ; Aspartate aminotransferase ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Bilirubin ; Cardiovascular diseases ; Cirrhosis ; Corticosteroids ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 - complications ; COVID-19 - diagnosis ; COVID-19 - mortality ; COVID-19 - virology ; Diabetes mellitus ; Female ; Hepatitis B surface antigen ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens - isolation & purification ; Hepatitis B virus - immunology ; Hepatitis B virus - isolation & purification ; Hepatitis B, Chronic - complications ; Hepatitis B, Chronic - diagnosis ; Hepatitis B, Chronic - epidemiology ; Hepatitis B, Chronic - virology ; Hepatitis C ; Hepatology ; Hong Kong - epidemiology ; Humans ; Infections ; Liver ; Liver cirrhosis ; Lopinavir ; Male ; Medical History Taking - statistics & numerical data ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; Original ; Retrospective Studies ; Ribavirin ; Risk Assessment - statistics & numerical data ; Risk Factors ; Ritonavir</subject><ispartof>Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 2021-10, Vol.74 (4), p.1750-1765</ispartof><rights>2021 by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4430-5415bd5c26b0e02646cbc85704736a37d643c740dd9430ed385d6e65697439d33</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4430-5415bd5c26b0e02646cbc85704736a37d643c740dd9430ed385d6e65697439d33</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-2863-9389 ; 0000-0003-2215-9410 ; 0000-0002-1819-2464</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Fhep.31890$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Fhep.31890$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,315,781,785,886,1418,27926,27927,45576,45577</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33961298$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Yip, Terry Cheuk‐Fung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wong, Vincent Wai‐Sun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lui, Grace Chung‐Yan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chow, Viola Chi‐Ying</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tse, Yee‐Kit</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hui, Vicki Wing‐Ki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liang, Lilian Yan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chan, Henry Lik‐Yuen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hui, David Shu‐Cheong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wong, Grace Lai‐Hung</creatorcontrib><title>Current and Past Infections of HBV Do Not Increase Mortality in Patients With COVID‐19</title><title>Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)</title><addtitle>Hepatology</addtitle><description>Background and Aims
We compared risk of acute liver injury and mortality in patients with COVID‐19 and current, past, and no HBV infection.
Approach and Results
This was a territory‐wide retrospective cohort study in Hong Kong. Patients with COVID‐19 between January 23, 2020, and January 1, 2021, were identified. Patients with hepatitis C or no HBsAg results were excluded. The primary outcome was mortality. Acute liver injury was defined as alanine aminotransferase or aspartate aminotransferase ≥2 × upper limit of normal (ULN; i.e., 80 U/L), with total bilirubin ≥2 × ULN (i.e., 2.2 mg/dL) and/or international normalized ratio ≥1.7. Of 5,639 patients included, 353 (6.3%) and 359 (6.4%) had current and past HBV infection, respectively. Compared to patients without known HBV exposure, current HBV‐infected patients were older and more likely to have cirrhosis. Past HBV‐infected patients were the oldest, and more had diabetes and cardiovascular disease. At a median follow‐up of 14 (9‐20) days, 138 (2.4%) patients died; acute liver injury occurred in 58 (1.2%), 8 (2.3%), and 11 (3.1%) patients with no, current, and past HBV infection, respectively. Acute liver injury (adjusted HR [aHR], 2.45; 95% CI, 1.52‐3.96; P < 0.001), but not current (aHR, 1.29; 95% CI, 0.61‐2.70; P = 0.507) or past (aHR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.56‐1.46; P = 0.681) HBV infection, was associated with mortality. Use of corticosteroid, antifungal, ribavirin, or lopinavir–ritonavir (adjusted OR [aOR], 2.55‐5.63), but not current (aOR, 1.93; 95% CI, 0.88‐4.24; P = 0.102) or past (aOR, 1.25; 95% CI, 0.62‐2.55; P = 0.533) HBV infection, was associated with acute liver injury.
Conclusion
Current or past HBV infections were not associated with more liver injury and mortality in COVID‐19.</description><subject>Acute Lung Injury - blood</subject><subject>Acute Lung Injury - diagnosis</subject><subject>Acute Lung Injury - epidemiology</subject><subject>Acute Lung Injury - virology</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Age Factors</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Alanine</subject><subject>Alanine Transaminase</subject><subject>Aspartate aminotransferase</subject><subject>Aspartate Aminotransferases</subject><subject>Bilirubin</subject><subject>Cardiovascular diseases</subject><subject>Cirrhosis</subject><subject>Corticosteroids</subject><subject>COVID-19</subject><subject>COVID-19 - complications</subject><subject>COVID-19 - diagnosis</subject><subject>COVID-19 - mortality</subject><subject>COVID-19 - virology</subject><subject>Diabetes mellitus</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Hepatitis B surface antigen</subject><subject>Hepatitis B Surface Antigens - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Hepatitis B virus - immunology</subject><subject>Hepatitis B virus - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Hepatitis B, Chronic - complications</subject><subject>Hepatitis B, Chronic - diagnosis</subject><subject>Hepatitis B, Chronic - epidemiology</subject><subject>Hepatitis B, Chronic - virology</subject><subject>Hepatitis C</subject><subject>Hepatology</subject><subject>Hong Kong - epidemiology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Liver</subject><subject>Liver cirrhosis</subject><subject>Lopinavir</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical History Taking - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Original</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>Ribavirin</subject><subject>Risk Assessment - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Ritonavir</subject><issn>0270-9139</issn><issn>1527-3350</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kc1uEzEURi0EomlhwQsgS2xgMa3t65_xBqmkhUQqtAso7CzHdoiryTjYM0XZ8Qg8I0-CS0oFSKzu4p579F19CD2h5JASwo5WYXMItNXkHppQwVQDIMh9NCFMkUZT0Htov5QrQojmrH2I9gC0pEy3E_RpOuYc-gHb3uMLWwY875fBDTH1Baclnr26xCcJv0s3C5eDLQG_TXmwXRy2OPb1Zoj1vuCPcVjh6fnl_OTHt-9UP0IPlrYr4fHtPEAfXp--n86as_M38-nxWeM4B9IITsXCC8fkggTCJJdu4VqhCFcgLSgvOTjFife64sFDK7wMUkitOGgPcIBe7rybcbEO3tUs2XZmk-Pa5q1JNpq_N31cmc_p2rQMdKtYFTy_FeT0ZQxlMOtYXOg624c0FsME4yAZpaKiz_5Br9KY-_pepZTQoKluK_ViR7mcSslheReGEnPTl6l9mV99Vfbpn-nvyN8FVeBoB3yNXdj-32Rmpxc75U89Ap1d</recordid><startdate>202110</startdate><enddate>202110</enddate><creator>Yip, Terry Cheuk‐Fung</creator><creator>Wong, Vincent Wai‐Sun</creator><creator>Lui, Grace Chung‐Yan</creator><creator>Chow, Viola Chi‐Ying</creator><creator>Tse, Yee‐Kit</creator><creator>Hui, Vicki Wing‐Ki</creator><creator>Liang, Lilian Yan</creator><creator>Chan, Henry Lik‐Yuen</creator><creator>Hui, David Shu‐Cheong</creator><creator>Wong, Grace Lai‐Hung</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><general>John Wiley and Sons Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7TO</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2863-9389</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2215-9410</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1819-2464</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202110</creationdate><title>Current and Past Infections of HBV Do Not Increase Mortality in Patients With COVID‐19</title><author>Yip, Terry Cheuk‐Fung ; Wong, Vincent Wai‐Sun ; Lui, Grace Chung‐Yan ; Chow, Viola Chi‐Ying ; Tse, Yee‐Kit ; Hui, Vicki Wing‐Ki ; Liang, Lilian Yan ; Chan, Henry Lik‐Yuen ; Hui, David Shu‐Cheong ; Wong, Grace Lai‐Hung</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4430-5415bd5c26b0e02646cbc85704736a37d643c740dd9430ed385d6e65697439d33</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Acute Lung Injury - blood</topic><topic>Acute Lung Injury - diagnosis</topic><topic>Acute Lung Injury - epidemiology</topic><topic>Acute Lung Injury - virology</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Age Factors</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Alanine</topic><topic>Alanine Transaminase</topic><topic>Aspartate aminotransferase</topic><topic>Aspartate Aminotransferases</topic><topic>Bilirubin</topic><topic>Cardiovascular diseases</topic><topic>Cirrhosis</topic><topic>Corticosteroids</topic><topic>COVID-19</topic><topic>COVID-19 - complications</topic><topic>COVID-19 - diagnosis</topic><topic>COVID-19 - mortality</topic><topic>COVID-19 - virology</topic><topic>Diabetes mellitus</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Hepatitis B surface antigen</topic><topic>Hepatitis B Surface Antigens - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Hepatitis B virus - immunology</topic><topic>Hepatitis B virus - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Hepatitis B, Chronic - complications</topic><topic>Hepatitis B, Chronic - diagnosis</topic><topic>Hepatitis B, Chronic - epidemiology</topic><topic>Hepatitis B, Chronic - virology</topic><topic>Hepatitis C</topic><topic>Hepatology</topic><topic>Hong Kong - epidemiology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infections</topic><topic>Liver</topic><topic>Liver cirrhosis</topic><topic>Lopinavir</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical History Taking - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Original</topic><topic>Retrospective Studies</topic><topic>Ribavirin</topic><topic>Risk Assessment - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Ritonavir</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Yip, Terry Cheuk‐Fung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wong, Vincent Wai‐Sun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lui, Grace Chung‐Yan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chow, Viola Chi‐Ying</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tse, Yee‐Kit</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hui, Vicki Wing‐Ki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liang, Lilian Yan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chan, Henry Lik‐Yuen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hui, David Shu‐Cheong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wong, Grace Lai‐Hung</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Oncogenes and Growth Factors Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Yip, Terry Cheuk‐Fung</au><au>Wong, Vincent Wai‐Sun</au><au>Lui, Grace Chung‐Yan</au><au>Chow, Viola Chi‐Ying</au><au>Tse, Yee‐Kit</au><au>Hui, Vicki Wing‐Ki</au><au>Liang, Lilian Yan</au><au>Chan, Henry Lik‐Yuen</au><au>Hui, David Shu‐Cheong</au><au>Wong, Grace Lai‐Hung</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Current and Past Infections of HBV Do Not Increase Mortality in Patients With COVID‐19</atitle><jtitle>Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)</jtitle><addtitle>Hepatology</addtitle><date>2021-10</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>74</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>1750</spage><epage>1765</epage><pages>1750-1765</pages><issn>0270-9139</issn><eissn>1527-3350</eissn><abstract>Background and Aims
We compared risk of acute liver injury and mortality in patients with COVID‐19 and current, past, and no HBV infection.
Approach and Results
This was a territory‐wide retrospective cohort study in Hong Kong. Patients with COVID‐19 between January 23, 2020, and January 1, 2021, were identified. Patients with hepatitis C or no HBsAg results were excluded. The primary outcome was mortality. Acute liver injury was defined as alanine aminotransferase or aspartate aminotransferase ≥2 × upper limit of normal (ULN; i.e., 80 U/L), with total bilirubin ≥2 × ULN (i.e., 2.2 mg/dL) and/or international normalized ratio ≥1.7. Of 5,639 patients included, 353 (6.3%) and 359 (6.4%) had current and past HBV infection, respectively. Compared to patients without known HBV exposure, current HBV‐infected patients were older and more likely to have cirrhosis. Past HBV‐infected patients were the oldest, and more had diabetes and cardiovascular disease. At a median follow‐up of 14 (9‐20) days, 138 (2.4%) patients died; acute liver injury occurred in 58 (1.2%), 8 (2.3%), and 11 (3.1%) patients with no, current, and past HBV infection, respectively. Acute liver injury (adjusted HR [aHR], 2.45; 95% CI, 1.52‐3.96; P < 0.001), but not current (aHR, 1.29; 95% CI, 0.61‐2.70; P = 0.507) or past (aHR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.56‐1.46; P = 0.681) HBV infection, was associated with mortality. Use of corticosteroid, antifungal, ribavirin, or lopinavir–ritonavir (adjusted OR [aOR], 2.55‐5.63), but not current (aOR, 1.93; 95% CI, 0.88‐4.24; P = 0.102) or past (aOR, 1.25; 95% CI, 0.62‐2.55; P = 0.533) HBV infection, was associated with acute liver injury.
Conclusion
Current or past HBV infections were not associated with more liver injury and mortality in COVID‐19.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><pmid>33961298</pmid><doi>10.1002/hep.31890</doi><tpages>16</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2863-9389</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2215-9410</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1819-2464</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 0270-9139 |
| ispartof | Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 2021-10, Vol.74 (4), p.1750-1765 |
| issn | 0270-9139 1527-3350 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_8239872 |
| source | MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Access via Wiley Online Library |
| subjects | Acute Lung Injury - blood Acute Lung Injury - diagnosis Acute Lung Injury - epidemiology Acute Lung Injury - virology Adult Age Factors Aged Alanine Alanine Transaminase Aspartate aminotransferase Aspartate Aminotransferases Bilirubin Cardiovascular diseases Cirrhosis Corticosteroids COVID-19 COVID-19 - complications COVID-19 - diagnosis COVID-19 - mortality COVID-19 - virology Diabetes mellitus Female Hepatitis B surface antigen Hepatitis B Surface Antigens - isolation & purification Hepatitis B virus - immunology Hepatitis B virus - isolation & purification Hepatitis B, Chronic - complications Hepatitis B, Chronic - diagnosis Hepatitis B, Chronic - epidemiology Hepatitis B, Chronic - virology Hepatitis C Hepatology Hong Kong - epidemiology Humans Infections Liver Liver cirrhosis Lopinavir Male Medical History Taking - statistics & numerical data Middle Aged Mortality Original Retrospective Studies Ribavirin Risk Assessment - statistics & numerical data Risk Factors Ritonavir |
| title | Current and Past Infections of HBV Do Not Increase Mortality in Patients With COVID‐19 |
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