Process Development of Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Mortars in View of the Mechanical Characteristics
This study aimed to determine the effects of design parameters, including the liquid/solid ratio (L/S), Na2SiO3/NaOH weight ratio, and curing temperature, on class F fly ash-based geopolymer composites. For this purpose, two disparate sources of fly ash were supplied from Çatalağzı (FA) and İsken Su...
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| description | This study aimed to determine the effects of design parameters, including the liquid/solid ratio (L/S), Na2SiO3/NaOH weight ratio, and curing temperature, on class F fly ash-based geopolymer composites. For this purpose, two disparate sources of fly ash were supplied from Çatalağzı (FA) and İsken Sugözü (FB) Thermal Power Plants in Turkey. Two different L/S ratios of 0.2 and 0.4 were used. The Na2SiO3/NaOH ratios in the alkaline solutions were 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3 by weight for each type of geopolymer mixture. Then, 40 different mixes were cured at two specific temperatures (70 °C and 100 °C) for 24 h and then preserved at room temperature until testing. Thereafter, the physical water absorption properties, apparent porosity, and bulk density were examined at 28 days on the hardened mortars. Additionally, compressive and flexural tests were applied to the geopolymers at 7, 28, and 90 days. It was found that the highest compressive strength was 60.1 MPa for the geopolymer manufactured with an L/S of 0.2 and Na2SiO3/NaOH ratio of 2. Moreover, the best thermal curing temperature for obtaining optimal strength characteristics was 100 °C for the FB. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ma14112935 |
| format | Article |
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For this purpose, two disparate sources of fly ash were supplied from Çatalağzı (FA) and İsken Sugözü (FB) Thermal Power Plants in Turkey. Two different L/S ratios of 0.2 and 0.4 were used. The Na2SiO3/NaOH ratios in the alkaline solutions were 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3 by weight for each type of geopolymer mixture. Then, 40 different mixes were cured at two specific temperatures (70 °C and 100 °C) for 24 h and then preserved at room temperature until testing. Thereafter, the physical water absorption properties, apparent porosity, and bulk density were examined at 28 days on the hardened mortars. Additionally, compressive and flexural tests were applied to the geopolymers at 7, 28, and 90 days. It was found that the highest compressive strength was 60.1 MPa for the geopolymer manufactured with an L/S of 0.2 and Na2SiO3/NaOH ratio of 2. Moreover, the best thermal curing temperature for obtaining optimal strength characteristics was 100 °C for the FB.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1996-1944</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1996-1944</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ma14112935</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34072388</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Alumina ; Bulk density ; Caustic soda ; Cement ; Compressive strength ; Concrete ; Curing ; Design parameters ; Electric power generation ; Emissions ; Energy consumption ; Fly ash ; Geopolymers ; Greenhouse gases ; Heat ; Industrial plant emissions ; Mechanical properties ; Mortars (material) ; Particle size ; Potash ; Potassium ; Power plants ; Ratios ; Raw materials ; Room temperature ; Silica ; Sodium ; Sodium silicates ; Thermal power plants ; Water absorption ; Weight</subject><ispartof>Materials, 2021-05, Vol.14 (11), p.2935</ispartof><rights>2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2021 by the authors. 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c383t-8f49087abf4452ac6ef7ec4242130516f058a0078c8e056e3f6f1fd2db59ca053</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c383t-8f49087abf4452ac6ef7ec4242130516f058a0078c8e056e3f6f1fd2db59ca053</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-3257-3105 ; 0000-0002-3045-130X ; 0000-0001-6287-6268</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8199198/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8199198/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Öz, Hatice Öznur</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Doğan-Sağlamtimur, Neslihan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bilgil, Ahmet</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tamer, Aykut</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Günaydin, Kadir</creatorcontrib><title>Process Development of Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Mortars in View of the Mechanical Characteristics</title><title>Materials</title><description>This study aimed to determine the effects of design parameters, including the liquid/solid ratio (L/S), Na2SiO3/NaOH weight ratio, and curing temperature, on class F fly ash-based geopolymer composites. 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Moreover, the best thermal curing temperature for obtaining optimal strength characteristics was 100 °C for the FB.</description><subject>Alumina</subject><subject>Bulk density</subject><subject>Caustic soda</subject><subject>Cement</subject><subject>Compressive strength</subject><subject>Concrete</subject><subject>Curing</subject><subject>Design parameters</subject><subject>Electric power generation</subject><subject>Emissions</subject><subject>Energy consumption</subject><subject>Fly ash</subject><subject>Geopolymers</subject><subject>Greenhouse gases</subject><subject>Heat</subject><subject>Industrial plant emissions</subject><subject>Mechanical properties</subject><subject>Mortars (material)</subject><subject>Particle size</subject><subject>Potash</subject><subject>Potassium</subject><subject>Power plants</subject><subject>Ratios</subject><subject>Raw materials</subject><subject>Room temperature</subject><subject>Silica</subject><subject>Sodium</subject><subject>Sodium silicates</subject><subject>Thermal power plants</subject><subject>Water absorption</subject><subject>Weight</subject><issn>1996-1944</issn><issn>1996-1944</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkU9r3DAQxUVoacIml34CQS-l4FbySLZ0KaSbPy0ktIe2VzGrHcUKtrWVvAn77eMloW0ylxmYH4-Z9xh7K8VHACs-DSiVlLUFfcCOpLVNJa1Sr_6bD9lJKbdiLgBpavuGHYISbQ3GHDH8kZOnUvgZ3VGfNgONE0-BX_Q7flq66gsWWvNLSpvU7wbK_DrlCXPhceS_I93v2akjfk2-wzF67Pmyw4x-ohzLFH05Zq8D9oVOnvqC_bo4_7n8Wl19v_y2PL2qPBiYKhOUFabFVVBK1-gbCi15VatagtCyCUIbFKI13pDQDUFoggzrer3S1qPQsGCfH3U329VAaz8_krF3mxwHzDuXMLrnmzF27ibdOTM7Ja2ZBd4_CeT0Z0tlckMsnvoeR0rb4moNjWph79yCvXuB3qZtHuf39pS10GoNM_XhkfI5lZIp_D1GCrcPz_0LDx4AhmuKuQ</recordid><startdate>20210529</startdate><enddate>20210529</enddate><creator>Öz, Hatice Öznur</creator><creator>Doğan-Sağlamtimur, Neslihan</creator><creator>Bilgil, Ahmet</creator><creator>Tamer, Aykut</creator><creator>Günaydin, Kadir</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3257-3105</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3045-130X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6287-6268</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210529</creationdate><title>Process Development of Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Mortars in View of the Mechanical Characteristics</title><author>Öz, Hatice Öznur ; Doğan-Sağlamtimur, Neslihan ; Bilgil, Ahmet ; Tamer, Aykut ; Günaydin, Kadir</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c383t-8f49087abf4452ac6ef7ec4242130516f058a0078c8e056e3f6f1fd2db59ca053</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Alumina</topic><topic>Bulk density</topic><topic>Caustic soda</topic><topic>Cement</topic><topic>Compressive strength</topic><topic>Concrete</topic><topic>Curing</topic><topic>Design parameters</topic><topic>Electric power generation</topic><topic>Emissions</topic><topic>Energy consumption</topic><topic>Fly ash</topic><topic>Geopolymers</topic><topic>Greenhouse gases</topic><topic>Heat</topic><topic>Industrial plant emissions</topic><topic>Mechanical properties</topic><topic>Mortars (material)</topic><topic>Particle size</topic><topic>Potash</topic><topic>Potassium</topic><topic>Power plants</topic><topic>Ratios</topic><topic>Raw materials</topic><topic>Room temperature</topic><topic>Silica</topic><topic>Sodium</topic><topic>Sodium silicates</topic><topic>Thermal power plants</topic><topic>Water absorption</topic><topic>Weight</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Öz, Hatice Öznur</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Doğan-Sağlamtimur, Neslihan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bilgil, Ahmet</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tamer, Aykut</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Günaydin, Kadir</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Materials</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Öz, Hatice Öznur</au><au>Doğan-Sağlamtimur, Neslihan</au><au>Bilgil, Ahmet</au><au>Tamer, Aykut</au><au>Günaydin, Kadir</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Process Development of Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Mortars in View of the Mechanical Characteristics</atitle><jtitle>Materials</jtitle><date>2021-05-29</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>14</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>2935</spage><pages>2935-</pages><issn>1996-1944</issn><eissn>1996-1944</eissn><abstract>This study aimed to determine the effects of design parameters, including the liquid/solid ratio (L/S), Na2SiO3/NaOH weight ratio, and curing temperature, on class F fly ash-based geopolymer composites. 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| source | MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry; PubMed Central Open Access |
| subjects | Alumina Bulk density Caustic soda Cement Compressive strength Concrete Curing Design parameters Electric power generation Emissions Energy consumption Fly ash Geopolymers Greenhouse gases Heat Industrial plant emissions Mechanical properties Mortars (material) Particle size Potash Potassium Power plants Ratios Raw materials Room temperature Silica Sodium Sodium silicates Thermal power plants Water absorption Weight |
| title | Process Development of Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Mortars in View of the Mechanical Characteristics |
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