Hemolysis of Human Erythrocytes by Argovit™ AgNPs from Healthy and Diabetic Donors: An In Vitro Study
The use of nanomaterials is becoming increasingly widespread, leading to substantial research focused on nanomedicine. Nevertheless, the lack of complete toxicity profiles limits nanomaterials’ uses, despite their remarkable diagnostic and therapeutic results on in vitro and in vivo models. Silver n...
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creator | Luna-Vázquez-Gómez, Roberto Arellano-García, María Evarista García-Ramos, Juan Carlos Radilla-Chávez, Patricia Salas-Vargas, David Sergio Casillas-Figueroa, Francisco Ruiz-Ruiz, Balam Bogdanchikova, Nina Pestryakov, Alexey |
description | The use of nanomaterials is becoming increasingly widespread, leading to substantial research focused on nanomedicine. Nevertheless, the lack of complete toxicity profiles limits nanomaterials’ uses, despite their remarkable diagnostic and therapeutic results on in vitro and in vivo models. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), particularly Argovit™, have shown microbicidal, virucidal, and antitumoral effects. Among the first-line toxicity tests is the hemolysis assay. Here, the hemolytic effect of Argovit™ AgNPs on erythrocytes from one healthy donor (HDE) and one diabetic donor (DDE) is evaluated by the hemolysis assay against AgNO3. The results showed that Argovit™, in concentrations ≤24 µg/mL of metallic silver, did not show a hemolytic effect on the HDE or DDE. On the contrary, AgNO3 at the same concentration of silver ions produces more than 10% hemolysis in both the erythrocyte types. In all the experimental conditions assessed, the DDE was shown to be more prone to hemolysis than the HDE elicited by Ag+ ions or AgNPs, but much more evident with Ag+ ions. The results show that Argovit™ is the least hemolytic compared with the other twenty-two AgNP formulations previously reported, probably due to the polymer mass used to stabilize the Argovit™ formulation. The results obtained provide relevant information that contributes to obtaining a comprehensive toxicological profile to design safe and effective AgNP formulations. |
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Nevertheless, the lack of complete toxicity profiles limits nanomaterials’ uses, despite their remarkable diagnostic and therapeutic results on in vitro and in vivo models. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), particularly Argovit™, have shown microbicidal, virucidal, and antitumoral effects. Among the first-line toxicity tests is the hemolysis assay. Here, the hemolytic effect of Argovit™ AgNPs on erythrocytes from one healthy donor (HDE) and one diabetic donor (DDE) is evaluated by the hemolysis assay against AgNO3. The results showed that Argovit™, in concentrations ≤24 µg/mL of metallic silver, did not show a hemolytic effect on the HDE or DDE. On the contrary, AgNO3 at the same concentration of silver ions produces more than 10% hemolysis in both the erythrocyte types. In all the experimental conditions assessed, the DDE was shown to be more prone to hemolysis than the HDE elicited by Ag+ ions or AgNPs, but much more evident with Ag+ ions. The results show that Argovit™ is the least hemolytic compared with the other twenty-two AgNP formulations previously reported, probably due to the polymer mass used to stabilize the Argovit™ formulation. The results obtained provide relevant information that contributes to obtaining a comprehensive toxicological profile to design safe and effective AgNP formulations.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1996-1944</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1996-1944</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ma14112792</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34073953</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Anticancer properties ; Antiinfectives and antibacterials ; Biocompatibility ; Blood ; Body mass index ; Cytotoxicity ; Diabetes ; Erythrocytes ; Experiments ; Hemoglobin ; Hemolysis ; In vivo methods and tests ; Nanomaterials ; Nanoparticles ; Physiology ; Silver nitrate ; Toxicity testing</subject><ispartof>Materials, 2021-05, Vol.14 (11), p.2792</ispartof><rights>2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2021 by the authors. 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c449t-2fdf2f532ad5979dcfdacefa218d78e13a9911e1258f5fcae5a63ea2d66f45603</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c449t-2fdf2f532ad5979dcfdacefa218d78e13a9911e1258f5fcae5a63ea2d66f45603</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-0997-6902 ; 0000-0002-9034-4733 ; 0000-0001-9861-2467 ; 0000-0003-0929-3535</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8197390/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8197390/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Luna-Vázquez-Gómez, Roberto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arellano-García, María Evarista</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>García-Ramos, Juan Carlos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Radilla-Chávez, Patricia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Salas-Vargas, David Sergio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Casillas-Figueroa, Francisco</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ruiz-Ruiz, Balam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bogdanchikova, Nina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pestryakov, Alexey</creatorcontrib><title>Hemolysis of Human Erythrocytes by Argovit™ AgNPs from Healthy and Diabetic Donors: An In Vitro Study</title><title>Materials</title><description>The use of nanomaterials is becoming increasingly widespread, leading to substantial research focused on nanomedicine. Nevertheless, the lack of complete toxicity profiles limits nanomaterials’ uses, despite their remarkable diagnostic and therapeutic results on in vitro and in vivo models. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), particularly Argovit™, have shown microbicidal, virucidal, and antitumoral effects. Among the first-line toxicity tests is the hemolysis assay. Here, the hemolytic effect of Argovit™ AgNPs on erythrocytes from one healthy donor (HDE) and one diabetic donor (DDE) is evaluated by the hemolysis assay against AgNO3. The results showed that Argovit™, in concentrations ≤24 µg/mL of metallic silver, did not show a hemolytic effect on the HDE or DDE. On the contrary, AgNO3 at the same concentration of silver ions produces more than 10% hemolysis in both the erythrocyte types. In all the experimental conditions assessed, the DDE was shown to be more prone to hemolysis than the HDE elicited by Ag+ ions or AgNPs, but much more evident with Ag+ ions. The results show that Argovit™ is the least hemolytic compared with the other twenty-two AgNP formulations previously reported, probably due to the polymer mass used to stabilize the Argovit™ formulation. The results obtained provide relevant information that contributes to obtaining a comprehensive toxicological profile to design safe and effective AgNP formulations.</description><subject>Anticancer properties</subject><subject>Antiinfectives and antibacterials</subject><subject>Biocompatibility</subject><subject>Blood</subject><subject>Body mass index</subject><subject>Cytotoxicity</subject><subject>Diabetes</subject><subject>Erythrocytes</subject><subject>Experiments</subject><subject>Hemoglobin</subject><subject>Hemolysis</subject><subject>In vivo methods and tests</subject><subject>Nanomaterials</subject><subject>Nanoparticles</subject><subject>Physiology</subject><subject>Silver nitrate</subject><subject>Toxicity testing</subject><issn>1996-1944</issn><issn>1996-1944</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNpVkdtKAzEQhoMottTe-AQB74TVTbKneCEsbXULooKH25BuknbLblKTrLD3PomP5pO4pcXD3MzADN_M_D8Apyi8IISGlw1HEUI4pfgADBGlSYBoFB3-qQdg7Nw67IMQlGF6DAYkClNCYzIEy0I2pu5c5aBRsGgbruHMdn5lTdl56eCig7ldmvfKf318wnx5_-igsqaBheS1X3WQawGnFV9IX5VwarSx7grmGs41fK28NfDJt6I7AUeK106O93kEXm5mz5MiuHu4nU_yu6CMIuoDrITCKiaYi5imVJRK8FIqjlEm0kwiwilFSCIcZypWJZcxT4jkWCSJiuIkJCNwveNu2kUjRSm1t7xmG1s13HbM8Ir97-hqxfr3WIZoL8kWcLYHWPPWSufZ2rRW9zczHBNKSZr02o3A-W6qtMY5K9XPBhSyrS_s1xfyDd5bgJQ</recordid><startdate>20210524</startdate><enddate>20210524</enddate><creator>Luna-Vázquez-Gómez, Roberto</creator><creator>Arellano-García, María Evarista</creator><creator>García-Ramos, Juan Carlos</creator><creator>Radilla-Chávez, Patricia</creator><creator>Salas-Vargas, David Sergio</creator><creator>Casillas-Figueroa, Francisco</creator><creator>Ruiz-Ruiz, Balam</creator><creator>Bogdanchikova, Nina</creator><creator>Pestryakov, Alexey</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0997-6902</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9034-4733</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9861-2467</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0929-3535</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210524</creationdate><title>Hemolysis of Human Erythrocytes by Argovit™ AgNPs from Healthy and Diabetic Donors: An In Vitro Study</title><author>Luna-Vázquez-Gómez, Roberto ; Arellano-García, María Evarista ; García-Ramos, Juan Carlos ; Radilla-Chávez, Patricia ; Salas-Vargas, David Sergio ; Casillas-Figueroa, Francisco ; Ruiz-Ruiz, Balam ; Bogdanchikova, Nina ; Pestryakov, Alexey</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c449t-2fdf2f532ad5979dcfdacefa218d78e13a9911e1258f5fcae5a63ea2d66f45603</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Anticancer properties</topic><topic>Antiinfectives and antibacterials</topic><topic>Biocompatibility</topic><topic>Blood</topic><topic>Body mass index</topic><topic>Cytotoxicity</topic><topic>Diabetes</topic><topic>Erythrocytes</topic><topic>Experiments</topic><topic>Hemoglobin</topic><topic>Hemolysis</topic><topic>In vivo methods and tests</topic><topic>Nanomaterials</topic><topic>Nanoparticles</topic><topic>Physiology</topic><topic>Silver nitrate</topic><topic>Toxicity testing</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Luna-Vázquez-Gómez, Roberto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arellano-García, María Evarista</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>García-Ramos, Juan Carlos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Radilla-Chávez, Patricia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Salas-Vargas, David Sergio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Casillas-Figueroa, Francisco</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ruiz-Ruiz, Balam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bogdanchikova, Nina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pestryakov, Alexey</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Materials</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Luna-Vázquez-Gómez, Roberto</au><au>Arellano-García, María Evarista</au><au>García-Ramos, Juan Carlos</au><au>Radilla-Chávez, Patricia</au><au>Salas-Vargas, David Sergio</au><au>Casillas-Figueroa, Francisco</au><au>Ruiz-Ruiz, Balam</au><au>Bogdanchikova, Nina</au><au>Pestryakov, Alexey</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Hemolysis of Human Erythrocytes by Argovit™ AgNPs from Healthy and Diabetic Donors: An In Vitro Study</atitle><jtitle>Materials</jtitle><date>2021-05-24</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>14</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>2792</spage><pages>2792-</pages><issn>1996-1944</issn><eissn>1996-1944</eissn><abstract>The use of nanomaterials is becoming increasingly widespread, leading to substantial research focused on nanomedicine. Nevertheless, the lack of complete toxicity profiles limits nanomaterials’ uses, despite their remarkable diagnostic and therapeutic results on in vitro and in vivo models. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), particularly Argovit™, have shown microbicidal, virucidal, and antitumoral effects. Among the first-line toxicity tests is the hemolysis assay. Here, the hemolytic effect of Argovit™ AgNPs on erythrocytes from one healthy donor (HDE) and one diabetic donor (DDE) is evaluated by the hemolysis assay against AgNO3. The results showed that Argovit™, in concentrations ≤24 µg/mL of metallic silver, did not show a hemolytic effect on the HDE or DDE. On the contrary, AgNO3 at the same concentration of silver ions produces more than 10% hemolysis in both the erythrocyte types. In all the experimental conditions assessed, the DDE was shown to be more prone to hemolysis than the HDE elicited by Ag+ ions or AgNPs, but much more evident with Ag+ ions. The results show that Argovit™ is the least hemolytic compared with the other twenty-two AgNP formulations previously reported, probably due to the polymer mass used to stabilize the Argovit™ formulation. The results obtained provide relevant information that contributes to obtaining a comprehensive toxicological profile to design safe and effective AgNP formulations.</abstract><cop>Basel</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>34073953</pmid><doi>10.3390/ma14112792</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0997-6902</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9034-4733</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9861-2467</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0929-3535</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Anticancer properties Antiinfectives and antibacterials Biocompatibility Blood Body mass index Cytotoxicity Diabetes Erythrocytes Experiments Hemoglobin Hemolysis In vivo methods and tests Nanomaterials Nanoparticles Physiology Silver nitrate Toxicity testing |
title | Hemolysis of Human Erythrocytes by Argovit™ AgNPs from Healthy and Diabetic Donors: An In Vitro Study |
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