Avian influenza A (H7N9) virus: from low pathogenic to highly pathogenic
The avian influenza A (H7N9) virus is a zoonotic virus that is closely associated with live poultry markets. It has caused infections in humans in China since 2013. Five waves of the H7N9 influenza epidemic occurred in China between March 2013 and September 2017. H7N9 with low-pathogenicity dominate...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Frontiers of medicine 2021-08, Vol.15 (4), p.507-527 |
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| creator | Liu, William J. Xiao, Haixia Dai, Lianpan Liu, Di Chen, Jianjun Qi, Xiaopeng Bi, Yuhai Shi, Yi Gao, George F. Liu, Yingxia |
| description | The avian influenza A (H7N9) virus is a zoonotic virus that is closely associated with live poultry markets. It has caused infections in humans in China since 2013. Five waves of the H7N9 influenza epidemic occurred in China between March 2013 and September 2017. H7N9 with low-pathogenicity dominated in the first four waves, whereas highly pathogenic H7N9 influenza emerged in poultry and spread to humans during the fifth wave, causing wide concern. Specialists and officials from China and other countries responded quickly, controlled the epidemic well thus far, and characterized the virus by using new technologies and surveillance tools that were made possible by their preparedness efforts. Here, we review the characteristics of the H7N9 viruses that were identified while controlling the spread of the disease. It was summarized and discussed from the perspectives of molecular epidemiology, clinical features, virulence and pathogenesis, receptor binding, T-cell responses, monoclonal antibody development, vaccine development, and disease burden. These data provide tools for minimizing the future threat of H7N9 and other emerging and re-emerging viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11684-020-0814-5 |
| format | Article |
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It has caused infections in humans in China since 2013. Five waves of the H7N9 influenza epidemic occurred in China between March 2013 and September 2017. H7N9 with low-pathogenicity dominated in the first four waves, whereas highly pathogenic H7N9 influenza emerged in poultry and spread to humans during the fifth wave, causing wide concern. Specialists and officials from China and other countries responded quickly, controlled the epidemic well thus far, and characterized the virus by using new technologies and surveillance tools that were made possible by their preparedness efforts. Here, we review the characteristics of the H7N9 viruses that were identified while controlling the spread of the disease. It was summarized and discussed from the perspectives of molecular epidemiology, clinical features, virulence and pathogenesis, receptor binding, T-cell responses, monoclonal antibody development, vaccine development, and disease burden. These data provide tools for minimizing the future threat of H7N9 and other emerging and re-emerging viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2095-0217</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2095-0225</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11684-020-0814-5</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33860875</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Beijing: Higher Education Press</publisher><subject>Animals ; China - epidemiology ; clinical features ; COVID-19 ; epidemiology ; H7N9 ; hemagglutinin ; HPAIV ; Humans ; immunity ; Influenza ; Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype ; Influenza in Birds - epidemiology ; Influenza, Human - epidemiology ; Influenza, Human - prevention & control ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; pathogenesis ; Poultry ; Review ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; vaccine ; Viruses</subject><ispartof>Frontiers of medicine, 2021-08, Vol.15 (4), p.507-527</ispartof><rights>Copyright reserved, 2020, The Author(s) 2021. This article is published with open access at link.springer.com and journal.hep.com.cn</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2021</rights><rights>2021. The Author(s).</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2021. This work is published under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). 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Med</addtitle><addtitle>Front Med</addtitle><description>The avian influenza A (H7N9) virus is a zoonotic virus that is closely associated with live poultry markets. It has caused infections in humans in China since 2013. Five waves of the H7N9 influenza epidemic occurred in China between March 2013 and September 2017. H7N9 with low-pathogenicity dominated in the first four waves, whereas highly pathogenic H7N9 influenza emerged in poultry and spread to humans during the fifth wave, causing wide concern. Specialists and officials from China and other countries responded quickly, controlled the epidemic well thus far, and characterized the virus by using new technologies and surveillance tools that were made possible by their preparedness efforts. Here, we review the characteristics of the H7N9 viruses that were identified while controlling the spread of the disease. It was summarized and discussed from the perspectives of molecular epidemiology, clinical features, virulence and pathogenesis, receptor binding, T-cell responses, monoclonal antibody development, vaccine development, and disease burden. These data provide tools for minimizing the future threat of H7N9 and other emerging and re-emerging viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>China - epidemiology</subject><subject>clinical features</subject><subject>COVID-19</subject><subject>epidemiology</subject><subject>H7N9</subject><subject>hemagglutinin</subject><subject>HPAIV</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>immunity</subject><subject>Influenza</subject><subject>Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype</subject><subject>Influenza in Birds - epidemiology</subject><subject>Influenza, Human - epidemiology</subject><subject>Influenza, Human - prevention & control</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>pathogenesis</subject><subject>Poultry</subject><subject>Review</subject><subject>SARS-CoV-2</subject><subject>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</subject><subject>vaccine</subject><subject>Viruses</subject><issn>2095-0217</issn><issn>2095-0225</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>C6C</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kUtv1DAUhS1ERavSH8AGWWJTFil-xI-wQBpVwCBV7aasLSe5nnGVsQc7mar8ejxKOxQW9cbWvecc-_pD6B0lF5QQ9SlTKnVdEUYqomldiVfohJFGlAoTrw9nqo7RWc53pKxaUtU0b9Ax51oSrcQJWi523gbsgxsmCL8tXuDzpbpuPuKdT1P-jF2KGzzEe7y14zquIPgOjxGv_Wo9PDwrvkVHzg4Zzh73U_Tz29fby2V1dfP9x-XiquoEbcZKON6AcNop2jdSg-BKO80c6TjnfStlabuGKtky3jJSd72w2oKClum-bPwUfZlzt1O7gb6DMCY7mG3yG5seTLTe_NsJfm1WcWc0bYjidQk4fwxI8dcEeTQbnzsYBhsgTtkwQWtJRPmeIv3wn_QuTimU8YpKMlHShCwqOqu6FHNO4A6PocTsUZkZlSmozB6VEcXz_vkUB8cTmCJgsyCXVlhB-nv1S6l6Nu3pQIJ-myBnUxCG0UN6yfoHsDWvqw</recordid><startdate>20210801</startdate><enddate>20210801</enddate><creator>Liu, William J.</creator><creator>Xiao, Haixia</creator><creator>Dai, Lianpan</creator><creator>Liu, Di</creator><creator>Chen, Jianjun</creator><creator>Qi, Xiaopeng</creator><creator>Bi, Yuhai</creator><creator>Shi, Yi</creator><creator>Gao, George F.</creator><creator>Liu, Yingxia</creator><general>Higher Education Press</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>C6C</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20210801</creationdate><title>Avian influenza A (H7N9) virus: from low pathogenic to highly pathogenic</title><author>Liu, William J. ; Xiao, Haixia ; Dai, Lianpan ; Liu, Di ; Chen, Jianjun ; Qi, Xiaopeng ; Bi, Yuhai ; Shi, Yi ; Gao, George F. ; Liu, Yingxia</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c519t-5f39e5f8f71d968e5378f82f0c333db6639ef9176b23b204cd5a8ae7eb28de7e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>China - epidemiology</topic><topic>clinical features</topic><topic>COVID-19</topic><topic>epidemiology</topic><topic>H7N9</topic><topic>hemagglutinin</topic><topic>HPAIV</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>immunity</topic><topic>Influenza</topic><topic>Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype</topic><topic>Influenza in Birds - epidemiology</topic><topic>Influenza, Human - epidemiology</topic><topic>Influenza, Human - prevention & control</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>pathogenesis</topic><topic>Poultry</topic><topic>Review</topic><topic>SARS-CoV-2</topic><topic>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</topic><topic>vaccine</topic><topic>Viruses</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Liu, William J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xiao, Haixia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dai, Lianpan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Di</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Jianjun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Qi, Xiaopeng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bi, Yuhai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shi, Yi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gao, George F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Yingxia</creatorcontrib><collection>Springer Nature OA Free Journals</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Frontiers of medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Liu, William J.</au><au>Xiao, Haixia</au><au>Dai, Lianpan</au><au>Liu, Di</au><au>Chen, Jianjun</au><au>Qi, Xiaopeng</au><au>Bi, Yuhai</au><au>Shi, Yi</au><au>Gao, George F.</au><au>Liu, Yingxia</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Avian influenza A (H7N9) virus: from low pathogenic to highly pathogenic</atitle><jtitle>Frontiers of medicine</jtitle><stitle>Front. Med</stitle><addtitle>Front Med</addtitle><date>2021-08-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>15</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>507</spage><epage>527</epage><pages>507-527</pages><issn>2095-0217</issn><eissn>2095-0225</eissn><abstract>The avian influenza A (H7N9) virus is a zoonotic virus that is closely associated with live poultry markets. It has caused infections in humans in China since 2013. Five waves of the H7N9 influenza epidemic occurred in China between March 2013 and September 2017. H7N9 with low-pathogenicity dominated in the first four waves, whereas highly pathogenic H7N9 influenza emerged in poultry and spread to humans during the fifth wave, causing wide concern. Specialists and officials from China and other countries responded quickly, controlled the epidemic well thus far, and characterized the virus by using new technologies and surveillance tools that were made possible by their preparedness efforts. Here, we review the characteristics of the H7N9 viruses that were identified while controlling the spread of the disease. It was summarized and discussed from the perspectives of molecular epidemiology, clinical features, virulence and pathogenesis, receptor binding, T-cell responses, monoclonal antibody development, vaccine development, and disease burden. These data provide tools for minimizing the future threat of H7N9 and other emerging and re-emerging viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2.</abstract><cop>Beijing</cop><pub>Higher Education Press</pub><pmid>33860875</pmid><doi>10.1007/s11684-020-0814-5</doi><tpages>21</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Animals China - epidemiology clinical features COVID-19 epidemiology H7N9 hemagglutinin HPAIV Humans immunity Influenza Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype Influenza in Birds - epidemiology Influenza, Human - epidemiology Influenza, Human - prevention & control Medicine Medicine & Public Health pathogenesis Poultry Review SARS-CoV-2 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccine Viruses |
| title | Avian influenza A (H7N9) virus: from low pathogenic to highly pathogenic |
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