SARS-CoV-2 detection in sewage samples: Standardization of method & preliminary observations
Background & objectives: Since its first recognition in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, the SARS-CoV-2 has spread rapidly across the world. Though SARS-CoV-2 spreads mainly via the droplets of respiratory secretions, it was also detected in stool samples of patients, indicating active infection...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Indian journal of medical research (New Delhi, India : 1994) India : 1994), 2021-01, Vol.153 (1), p.159-165 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | 165 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 1 |
| container_start_page | 159 |
| container_title | Indian journal of medical research (New Delhi, India : 1994) |
| container_volume | 153 |
| creator | Sharma, Deepa Nalavade, Uma Kalgutkar, Kamlesh Gupta, Nivedita Deshpande, Jagadish |
| description | Background & objectives: Since its first recognition in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, the SARS-CoV-2 has spread rapidly across the world. Though SARS-CoV-2 spreads mainly via the droplets of respiratory secretions, it was also detected in stool samples of patients, indicating active infection of the gastrointestinal tract. Presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in sewage samples was reported in February 2020, raising the possibility of using environmental water surveillance to monitor SARS-CoV-2 activity in infected areas. The aim of this study was to standardize the methodology for detection of SARS-CoV-2 from sewage and explore the feasibility of establishing supplementary surveillance for COVID-19.
Methods: Sewage specimens were collected from six sites in Mumbai, India, using the grab sample method and processed using polyethylene glycol (PEG)-dextran phase separation method for virus concentration. Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was used to detect the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA.
Results: A total of 20 sewage samples collected from six different wards in Mumbai city, before the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infections and during May 11-22, 2020, were processed using the phase separation method. The WHO two-phase PEG-dextran method was modified during standardization.
SARS-CoV-2 was found to concentrate in the middle phase only. All samples collected before March 16, 2020 were SARS-CoV-2 negative. Viral RNA was detected in sewage samples collected during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic in all the six wards.
Interpretation & conclusions: PEG-dextran phase separation method was effectively used to concentrate SARS-CoV-2 from domestic waste waters to detection levels. It would be feasible to initiate sewage surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 to generate data about the viral transmission in various epidemiologic settings. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_3541_20 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>gale_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_8184084</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><galeid>A656979300</galeid><sourcerecordid>A656979300</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c565o-6e517a2672be60b0eb02eb653f75511679c2aace0d1d6d0ed32fe5ca59dbe28b3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1ktuLEzEUxoMo7kX_AF9kQPBtai6TTOODUMreZFXYqk9CyCRnuunOJDWZbtG_ftN2r6DkIeHk932c5DsIvSF4VBHMPrhFH0dnn79cKMYroih-hvaxrHkpSV09355JySURe-ggpQXGRNJavkR7jI3JuKrZPvo1m1zMymn4WdLCwgBmcMEXzhcJ1noORdL9soP0sZgN2lsdrfurt0hoix6Gy2CL98UyQud653X8U4QmQbzeMukVetHqLsHr2_0Q_Tg--j49Lc-_nZxNJ-el4YKHUgAntaaipg0I3GBoMIVGcNbWnBMiammo1gawJVZYDJbRFrjRXNoG6Lhhh-jTzne5anqwBvwQdaeW0fW5JRW0U09vvLtU83CtNr-Ax1U2eHdrEMPvFaRBLcIq-tyzopxRgTnh7IGa6w6U823IZqZ3yaiJ4ELWkmGcqdE_qLws9M4ED63L9ScCshOYGFKK0N43TrDa5Kw2OavHOWfN28cvvlfcBZuBrztgHboBYrrqVmuIKrNXPqz_76wIl-phJtTdTLAbPyvAMg</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2532605153</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>SARS-CoV-2 detection in sewage samples: Standardization of method & preliminary observations</title><source>Medknow Open Access Journals</source><source>MEDLINE</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><source>PubMed Central</source><source>PubMed Central Open Access</source><creator>Sharma, Deepa ; Nalavade, Uma ; Kalgutkar, Kamlesh ; Gupta, Nivedita ; Deshpande, Jagadish</creator><creatorcontrib>Sharma, Deepa ; Nalavade, Uma ; Kalgutkar, Kamlesh ; Gupta, Nivedita ; Deshpande, Jagadish</creatorcontrib><description>Background & objectives: Since its first recognition in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, the SARS-CoV-2 has spread rapidly across the world. Though SARS-CoV-2 spreads mainly via the droplets of respiratory secretions, it was also detected in stool samples of patients, indicating active infection of the gastrointestinal tract. Presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in sewage samples was reported in February 2020, raising the possibility of using environmental water surveillance to monitor SARS-CoV-2 activity in infected areas. The aim of this study was to standardize the methodology for detection of SARS-CoV-2 from sewage and explore the feasibility of establishing supplementary surveillance for COVID-19.
Methods: Sewage specimens were collected from six sites in Mumbai, India, using the grab sample method and processed using polyethylene glycol (PEG)-dextran phase separation method for virus concentration. Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was used to detect the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA.
Results: A total of 20 sewage samples collected from six different wards in Mumbai city, before the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infections and during May 11-22, 2020, were processed using the phase separation method. The WHO two-phase PEG-dextran method was modified during standardization.
SARS-CoV-2 was found to concentrate in the middle phase only. All samples collected before March 16, 2020 were SARS-CoV-2 negative. Viral RNA was detected in sewage samples collected during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic in all the six wards.
Interpretation & conclusions: PEG-dextran phase separation method was effectively used to concentrate SARS-CoV-2 from domestic waste waters to detection levels. It would be feasible to initiate sewage surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 to generate data about the viral transmission in various epidemiologic settings.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0971-5916</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 0975-9174</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_3541_20</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33818473</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>India: Wolters Kluwer India Pvt. Ltd</publisher><subject>Coronaviruses ; COVID-19 ; Disease transmission ; Epidemiological Monitoring ; Health aspects ; Humans ; Identification and classification ; India ; Original ; Pandemics ; Polyethylene glycol ; RNA, Viral - genetics ; SARS-CoV-2 - isolation & purification ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; Sewage - virology ; Sewage disposal ; Sewer systems</subject><ispartof>Indian journal of medical research (New Delhi, India : 1994), 2021-01, Vol.153 (1), p.159-165</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2021 Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd.</rights><rights>2021. This article is published under (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/) (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>Copyright: © 2021 Indian Journal of Medical Research 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c565o-6e517a2672be60b0eb02eb653f75511679c2aace0d1d6d0ed32fe5ca59dbe28b3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c565o-6e517a2672be60b0eb02eb653f75511679c2aace0d1d6d0ed32fe5ca59dbe28b3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8184084/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8184084/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,4024,27923,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33818473$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Sharma, Deepa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nalavade, Uma</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kalgutkar, Kamlesh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gupta, Nivedita</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Deshpande, Jagadish</creatorcontrib><title>SARS-CoV-2 detection in sewage samples: Standardization of method & preliminary observations</title><title>Indian journal of medical research (New Delhi, India : 1994)</title><addtitle>Indian J Med Res</addtitle><description>Background & objectives: Since its first recognition in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, the SARS-CoV-2 has spread rapidly across the world. Though SARS-CoV-2 spreads mainly via the droplets of respiratory secretions, it was also detected in stool samples of patients, indicating active infection of the gastrointestinal tract. Presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in sewage samples was reported in February 2020, raising the possibility of using environmental water surveillance to monitor SARS-CoV-2 activity in infected areas. The aim of this study was to standardize the methodology for detection of SARS-CoV-2 from sewage and explore the feasibility of establishing supplementary surveillance for COVID-19.
Methods: Sewage specimens were collected from six sites in Mumbai, India, using the grab sample method and processed using polyethylene glycol (PEG)-dextran phase separation method for virus concentration. Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was used to detect the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA.
Results: A total of 20 sewage samples collected from six different wards in Mumbai city, before the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infections and during May 11-22, 2020, were processed using the phase separation method. The WHO two-phase PEG-dextran method was modified during standardization.
SARS-CoV-2 was found to concentrate in the middle phase only. All samples collected before March 16, 2020 were SARS-CoV-2 negative. Viral RNA was detected in sewage samples collected during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic in all the six wards.
Interpretation & conclusions: PEG-dextran phase separation method was effectively used to concentrate SARS-CoV-2 from domestic waste waters to detection levels. It would be feasible to initiate sewage surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 to generate data about the viral transmission in various epidemiologic settings.</description><subject>Coronaviruses</subject><subject>COVID-19</subject><subject>Disease transmission</subject><subject>Epidemiological Monitoring</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Identification and classification</subject><subject>India</subject><subject>Original</subject><subject>Pandemics</subject><subject>Polyethylene glycol</subject><subject>RNA, Viral - genetics</subject><subject>SARS-CoV-2 - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</subject><subject>Sewage - virology</subject><subject>Sewage disposal</subject><subject>Sewer systems</subject><issn>0971-5916</issn><issn>0975-9174</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNp1ktuLEzEUxoMo7kX_AF9kQPBtai6TTOODUMreZFXYqk9CyCRnuunOJDWZbtG_ftN2r6DkIeHk932c5DsIvSF4VBHMPrhFH0dnn79cKMYroih-hvaxrHkpSV09355JySURe-ggpQXGRNJavkR7jI3JuKrZPvo1m1zMymn4WdLCwgBmcMEXzhcJ1noORdL9soP0sZgN2lsdrfurt0hoix6Gy2CL98UyQud653X8U4QmQbzeMukVetHqLsHr2_0Q_Tg--j49Lc-_nZxNJ-el4YKHUgAntaaipg0I3GBoMIVGcNbWnBMiammo1gawJVZYDJbRFrjRXNoG6Lhhh-jTzne5anqwBvwQdaeW0fW5JRW0U09vvLtU83CtNr-Ax1U2eHdrEMPvFaRBLcIq-tyzopxRgTnh7IGa6w6U823IZqZ3yaiJ4ELWkmGcqdE_qLws9M4ED63L9ScCshOYGFKK0N43TrDa5Kw2OavHOWfN28cvvlfcBZuBrztgHboBYrrqVmuIKrNXPqz_76wIl-phJtTdTLAbPyvAMg</recordid><startdate>20210101</startdate><enddate>20210101</enddate><creator>Sharma, Deepa</creator><creator>Nalavade, Uma</creator><creator>Kalgutkar, Kamlesh</creator><creator>Gupta, Nivedita</creator><creator>Deshpande, Jagadish</creator><general>Wolters Kluwer India Pvt. Ltd</general><general>Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd</general><general>Scientific Scholar</general><general>Wolters Kluwer - Medknow</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AF</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>COVID</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>S0X</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20210101</creationdate><title>SARS-CoV-2 detection in sewage samples: Standardization of method & preliminary observations</title><author>Sharma, Deepa ; Nalavade, Uma ; Kalgutkar, Kamlesh ; Gupta, Nivedita ; Deshpande, Jagadish</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c565o-6e517a2672be60b0eb02eb653f75511679c2aace0d1d6d0ed32fe5ca59dbe28b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Coronaviruses</topic><topic>COVID-19</topic><topic>Disease transmission</topic><topic>Epidemiological Monitoring</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Identification and classification</topic><topic>India</topic><topic>Original</topic><topic>Pandemics</topic><topic>Polyethylene glycol</topic><topic>RNA, Viral - genetics</topic><topic>SARS-CoV-2 - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</topic><topic>Sewage - virology</topic><topic>Sewage disposal</topic><topic>Sewer systems</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Sharma, Deepa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nalavade, Uma</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kalgutkar, Kamlesh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gupta, Nivedita</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Deshpande, Jagadish</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health and Medical</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>STEM Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Coronavirus Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>ProQuest Science Journals</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>SIRS Editorial</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Indian journal of medical research (New Delhi, India : 1994)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Sharma, Deepa</au><au>Nalavade, Uma</au><au>Kalgutkar, Kamlesh</au><au>Gupta, Nivedita</au><au>Deshpande, Jagadish</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>SARS-CoV-2 detection in sewage samples: Standardization of method & preliminary observations</atitle><jtitle>Indian journal of medical research (New Delhi, India : 1994)</jtitle><addtitle>Indian J Med Res</addtitle><date>2021-01-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>153</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>159</spage><epage>165</epage><pages>159-165</pages><issn>0971-5916</issn><eissn>0975-9174</eissn><abstract>Background & objectives: Since its first recognition in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, the SARS-CoV-2 has spread rapidly across the world. Though SARS-CoV-2 spreads mainly via the droplets of respiratory secretions, it was also detected in stool samples of patients, indicating active infection of the gastrointestinal tract. Presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in sewage samples was reported in February 2020, raising the possibility of using environmental water surveillance to monitor SARS-CoV-2 activity in infected areas. The aim of this study was to standardize the methodology for detection of SARS-CoV-2 from sewage and explore the feasibility of establishing supplementary surveillance for COVID-19.
Methods: Sewage specimens were collected from six sites in Mumbai, India, using the grab sample method and processed using polyethylene glycol (PEG)-dextran phase separation method for virus concentration. Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was used to detect the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA.
Results: A total of 20 sewage samples collected from six different wards in Mumbai city, before the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infections and during May 11-22, 2020, were processed using the phase separation method. The WHO two-phase PEG-dextran method was modified during standardization.
SARS-CoV-2 was found to concentrate in the middle phase only. All samples collected before March 16, 2020 were SARS-CoV-2 negative. Viral RNA was detected in sewage samples collected during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic in all the six wards.
Interpretation & conclusions: PEG-dextran phase separation method was effectively used to concentrate SARS-CoV-2 from domestic waste waters to detection levels. It would be feasible to initiate sewage surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 to generate data about the viral transmission in various epidemiologic settings.</abstract><cop>India</cop><pub>Wolters Kluwer India Pvt. Ltd</pub><pmid>33818473</pmid><doi>10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_3541_20</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0971-5916 |
| ispartof | Indian journal of medical research (New Delhi, India : 1994), 2021-01, Vol.153 (1), p.159-165 |
| issn | 0971-5916 0975-9174 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_8184084 |
| source | Medknow Open Access Journals; MEDLINE; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; PubMed Central Open Access |
| subjects | Coronaviruses COVID-19 Disease transmission Epidemiological Monitoring Health aspects Humans Identification and classification India Original Pandemics Polyethylene glycol RNA, Viral - genetics SARS-CoV-2 - isolation & purification Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Sewage - virology Sewage disposal Sewer systems |
| title | SARS-CoV-2 detection in sewage samples: Standardization of method & preliminary observations |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-25T15%3A58%3A30IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_pubme&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=SARS-CoV-2%20detection%20in%20sewage%20samples:%20Standardization%20of%20method%20&%20preliminary%20observations&rft.jtitle=Indian%20journal%20of%20medical%20research%20(New%20Delhi,%20India%20:%201994)&rft.au=Sharma,%20Deepa&rft.date=2021-01-01&rft.volume=153&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=159&rft.epage=165&rft.pages=159-165&rft.issn=0971-5916&rft.eissn=0975-9174&rft_id=info:doi/10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_3541_20&rft_dat=%3Cgale_pubme%3EA656979300%3C/gale_pubme%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2532605153&rft_id=info:pmid/33818473&rft_galeid=A656979300&rfr_iscdi=true |