Immunotherapy Updates in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most common cause of cancer death worldwide. HCC tumor development and treatment resistance are impacted by changes in the microenvironment of the hepatic immune system. Immunotherapy has the potential to improve response rates by overcoming immune tolera...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Cancers 2021-04, Vol.13 (9), p.2164 |
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| creator | Singh, Amisha Beechinor, Ryan J Huynh, Jasmine C Li, Daneng Dayyani, Farshid Valerin, Jennifer B Hendifar, Andrew Gong, Jun Cho, May |
| description | Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most common cause of cancer death worldwide. HCC tumor development and treatment resistance are impacted by changes in the microenvironment of the hepatic immune system. Immunotherapy has the potential to improve response rates by overcoming immune tolerance mechanisms and strengthening anti-tumor activity in the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we characterize the impact of immunotherapy on outcomes of advanced HCC, as well as the active clinical trials evaluating novel combination immunotherapy strategies. In particular, we discuss the efficacy of atezolizumab and bevacizumab as demonstrated in the IMbrave150 study, which created a new standard of care for the front-line treatment of advanced HCC. However, there are multiple ongoing trials that may present additional front-line treatment options depending on their efficacy/toxicity results. Furthermore, the preliminary data on the application of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR-T) cell therapy for treatment of HCC suggests this may be a promising option for the future of advanced HCC treatment. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/cancers13092164 |
| format | Article |
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HCC tumor development and treatment resistance are impacted by changes in the microenvironment of the hepatic immune system. Immunotherapy has the potential to improve response rates by overcoming immune tolerance mechanisms and strengthening anti-tumor activity in the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we characterize the impact of immunotherapy on outcomes of advanced HCC, as well as the active clinical trials evaluating novel combination immunotherapy strategies. In particular, we discuss the efficacy of atezolizumab and bevacizumab as demonstrated in the IMbrave150 study, which created a new standard of care for the front-line treatment of advanced HCC. However, there are multiple ongoing trials that may present additional front-line treatment options depending on their efficacy/toxicity results. Furthermore, the preliminary data on the application of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR-T) cell therapy for treatment of HCC suggests this may be a promising option for the future of advanced HCC treatment.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2072-6694</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2072-6694</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092164</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33946408</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Antigens ; Antitumor agents ; Apoptosis ; Bevacizumab ; Cell therapy ; Chimeric antigen receptors ; Clinical trials ; Cytokines ; Cytotoxicity ; FDA approval ; Hepatocellular carcinoma ; Immune checkpoint inhibitors ; Immune system ; Immunological tolerance ; Immunotherapy ; Kinases ; Liver cancer ; Lymphocytes ; Medical prognosis ; Monoclonal antibodies ; Pathogenesis ; Review ; Toxicity ; Tumor microenvironment ; Tumors</subject><ispartof>Cancers, 2021-04, Vol.13 (9), p.2164</ispartof><rights>2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). 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| subjects | Antigens Antitumor agents Apoptosis Bevacizumab Cell therapy Chimeric antigen receptors Clinical trials Cytokines Cytotoxicity FDA approval Hepatocellular carcinoma Immune checkpoint inhibitors Immune system Immunological tolerance Immunotherapy Kinases Liver cancer Lymphocytes Medical prognosis Monoclonal antibodies Pathogenesis Review Toxicity Tumor microenvironment Tumors |
| title | Immunotherapy Updates in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
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