Depression as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Meta-Analyses
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most frequent cause of dementia, linked to morbidity and mortality among elderly patients. Recently, several clinical studies suggested that depression is a potential risk factor for cognitive decline and AD. A review of meta-analyses was performed, calculating p...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of clinical medicine 2021-04, Vol.10 (9), p.1809 |
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| creator | Sáiz-Vázquez, Olalla Gracia-García, Patricia Ubillos-Landa, Silvia Puente-Martínez, Alicia Casado-Yusta, Silvia Olaya, Beatriz Santabárbara, Javier |
| description | Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most frequent cause of dementia, linked to morbidity and mortality among elderly patients. Recently, several clinical studies suggested that depression is a potential risk factor for cognitive decline and AD. A review of meta-analyses was performed, calculating pooled odds ratios to estimate the risk of AD in people with a prior diagnosis (or clinically significant symptoms) of depression. A total of six meta-analyses which represented 28 individual studies were analyzed. A significant association between depression and AD was found (OR = 1.54, 95% CI [1.02-2.31];
= 0.038). The results showed that heterogeneity across studies was substantial. We found a significant positive effect size for clinical measures of depression, but not for symptomatic rating scales, in the association of depression with risk of AD. The type of rating scale used to assess depression and the cut-off criteria selected also moderated the relationship between depression and AD risk. We found that studies that used clinically significant criteria for diagnosis of depression had more consistent and significant results than studies that used symptomatic scales. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/jcm10091809 |
| format | Article |
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= 0.038). The results showed that heterogeneity across studies was substantial. We found a significant positive effect size for clinical measures of depression, but not for symptomatic rating scales, in the association of depression with risk of AD. The type of rating scale used to assess depression and the cut-off criteria selected also moderated the relationship between depression and AD risk. We found that studies that used clinically significant criteria for diagnosis of depression had more consistent and significant results than studies that used symptomatic scales.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2077-0383</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2077-0383</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/jcm10091809</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33919227</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Alzheimer's disease ; Clinical medicine ; Cognitive ability ; Data collection ; Dementia ; Geriatrics ; Language disorders ; Longitudinal studies ; Mental depression ; Mental disorders ; Meta-analysis ; Review ; Risk factors ; Systematic review</subject><ispartof>Journal of clinical medicine, 2021-04, Vol.10 (9), p.1809</ispartof><rights>2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2021 by the authors. 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c409t-11e74d0685540c44680be199c3ff8a81b88f5d6448e69f2a64e58d436e2a96d33</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c409t-11e74d0685540c44680be199c3ff8a81b88f5d6448e69f2a64e58d436e2a96d33</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-2046-3929 ; 0000-0003-4852-8018 ; 0000-0002-7297-6104 ; 0000-0003-3602-332X ; 0000-0001-9822-6312</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8122638/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8122638/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33919227$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Sáiz-Vázquez, Olalla</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gracia-García, Patricia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ubillos-Landa, Silvia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Puente-Martínez, Alicia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Casado-Yusta, Silvia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Olaya, Beatriz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Santabárbara, Javier</creatorcontrib><title>Depression as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Meta-Analyses</title><title>Journal of clinical medicine</title><addtitle>J Clin Med</addtitle><description>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most frequent cause of dementia, linked to morbidity and mortality among elderly patients. Recently, several clinical studies suggested that depression is a potential risk factor for cognitive decline and AD. A review of meta-analyses was performed, calculating pooled odds ratios to estimate the risk of AD in people with a prior diagnosis (or clinically significant symptoms) of depression. A total of six meta-analyses which represented 28 individual studies were analyzed. A significant association between depression and AD was found (OR = 1.54, 95% CI [1.02-2.31];
= 0.038). The results showed that heterogeneity across studies was substantial. We found a significant positive effect size for clinical measures of depression, but not for symptomatic rating scales, in the association of depression with risk of AD. The type of rating scale used to assess depression and the cut-off criteria selected also moderated the relationship between depression and AD risk. We found that studies that used clinically significant criteria for diagnosis of depression had more consistent and significant results than studies that used symptomatic scales.</description><subject>Alzheimer's disease</subject><subject>Clinical medicine</subject><subject>Cognitive ability</subject><subject>Data collection</subject><subject>Dementia</subject><subject>Geriatrics</subject><subject>Language disorders</subject><subject>Longitudinal studies</subject><subject>Mental depression</subject><subject>Mental disorders</subject><subject>Meta-analysis</subject><subject>Review</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>Systematic review</subject><issn>2077-0383</issn><issn>2077-0383</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkd9rFDEQx4NYbDn75LsEfFCQtfm1u4kPwtFaLZwIVZ9DLjtpc-5uzsxu5fzrTWktZweGGZjPDDPzJeQFZ--kNOxk4wfOmOGamSfkSLC2rZjU8ulefkiOETesmNZK8PYZOSyt3AjRHpFwBtsMiDGN1CF19DLiT3ru_JQyDcWX_Z9riAPk10jPIoJDeE-X9NsOJxjcFD29hJsIv2kKdJXGqzjNXRxdT7_A5KplyXYI-JwcBNcjHN_HBflx_vH76edq9fXTxelyVXnFzFRxDq3qWKPrWjGvVKPZGrgxXoagneZrrUPdNUppaEwQrlFQ607JBoQzTSflgny4m7ud1wN0HsYpu95ucxxc3tnkov2_MsZre5VurOZCNOVZC_LmfkBOv2bAyQ4RPfS9GyHNaEUtmG5rrpuCvnqEbtKcy8G3lGRcaVGzQr29o3xOiBnCwzKc2VsJ7Z6EhX65v_8D-08w-RdudpYi</recordid><startdate>20210421</startdate><enddate>20210421</enddate><creator>Sáiz-Vázquez, Olalla</creator><creator>Gracia-García, Patricia</creator><creator>Ubillos-Landa, Silvia</creator><creator>Puente-Martínez, Alicia</creator><creator>Casado-Yusta, Silvia</creator><creator>Olaya, Beatriz</creator><creator>Santabárbara, Javier</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2046-3929</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4852-8018</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7297-6104</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3602-332X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9822-6312</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210421</creationdate><title>Depression as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Meta-Analyses</title><author>Sáiz-Vázquez, Olalla ; 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| ispartof | Journal of clinical medicine, 2021-04, Vol.10 (9), p.1809 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; PubMed Central Open Access |
| subjects | Alzheimer's disease Clinical medicine Cognitive ability Data collection Dementia Geriatrics Language disorders Longitudinal studies Mental depression Mental disorders Meta-analysis Review Risk factors Systematic review |
| title | Depression as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Meta-Analyses |
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