Detection of Rotavirus Vaccine Strains in Oysters and Sewage and Their Relationship with the Gastroenteritis Epidemic
Rotavirus is one of the major causes of infectious gastroenteritis among infants and children, and live attenuated vaccines for rotavirus A (RVA), namely, Rotarix and RotaTeq, have recently become available in Japan. Rotavirus is known to be excreted from patients and accumulated in oysters similar...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Applied and environmental microbiology 2021-04, Vol.87 (10) |
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| creator | Ito, Erika Pu, Jian Miura, Takayuki Kazama, Shinobu Nishiyama, Masateru Ito, Hiroaki Konta, Yoshimitsu Omura, Tatsuo Watanabe, Toru |
| description | Rotavirus is one of the major causes of infectious gastroenteritis among infants and children, and live attenuated vaccines for rotavirus A (RVA), namely, Rotarix and RotaTeq, have recently become available in Japan. Rotavirus is known to be excreted from patients and accumulated in oysters similar to norovirus; however, the vaccine strains in aquatic environments or oysters have not yet been analyzed. In this study, we focused on wild-type RVA, which is highly important in considering the risk of infectious diseases. We quantified total RVA, Rotarix, and RotaTeq strains in oyster and sewage samples collected between September 2014 and July 2016 to assess the contamination levels of wild-type RVA by subtracting the quantitative value of rotavirus vaccine strains from that of total RVA. The positive rates of wild-type RVA, Rotarix, and RotaTeq in oysters were 54, 14, and 31%, respectively. These rates were comparable to those of wild-type RVA (57%) and RotaTeq (35%) in sewage; however, Rotarix was not detected in any sewage samples. The comparison of viral concentrations in oysters and sewage suggested more efficient accumulation of the vaccine strains in oysters than the wild-type RVA. The concentration of wild-type RVA in oysters was significantly correlated with that in sewage with a lag time of -6 to 0 weeks which is required for viral transportation from wastewater treatment plants to oysters. On the other hand, no significant correlation was observed between wild-type RVA concentration in sewage and the number of rotavirus-associated gastroenteritis cases, implying the existence of asymptomatic RVA-infected individuals.
We quantified rotavirus A (RVA), Rotarix, and RotaTeq strains in oyster and sewage samples during two gastroenteritis seasons and revealed the exact contamination of wild-type RVA by subtracting the quantitative value of rotavirus vaccine strains from that of RVA. The concentration of wild-type RVA was significantly correlated between oysters and sewage, although no significant correlation was seen between wild-type RVA concentration in sewage and the number of rotavirus-associated gastroenteritis cases. This finding suggested the existence of asymptomatic patients and that monitoring of rotavirus vaccine strain could be useful to understand the trend of wild-type RVA and rotavirus outbreak in detail. We believe that our study makes a significant contribution to the literature because it reports the detection of rotavirus vaccine strai |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1128/AEM.02547-20 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_8117762</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2535885769</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-a490t-1cfdc79736014c804c2835485dc6be7a15758e5c8373427d37711352a74fc77c3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kUlLLDEURoM80XbYuZaAqweWZqykNkKj7QCK4LQNMXXLinRX-iUpxX9vaTsu3uoG7snJFz6EtijZo5Tp_fHkYo8wKVTByBIaUVLpQnJe_kEjQqqqYEyQVbSW0iMhRJBSr6BVzhVlgvER6o8gg8s-dDg0-Cpk--Rjn_Cddc53gK9ztL5L2Hf48iVliAnbrsbX8Gwf4P1404KP-Aqm9s2SWj_Hzz63OLeAT2zKMUA33PPZJzyZ-xpm3m2g5cZOE2x-zHV0ezy5OTwtzi9Pzg7H54UVFckFdU3tVKV4SahwmgjHNJdCy9qV96AslUpqkE5zxQVTNVeKUi6ZVaJxSjm-jg4W3nl_P4PaDUminZp59DMbX0yw3vzedL41D-HJaEqVKtkg2PkQxPCvh5TNY-hjN2Q2THKptVRlNVC7C8rFkFKE5usFSsxbSWYoybyXZBgZ8L8L3KYZ-xb-h93--YMv8WeD_BUBn5pz</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2535885769</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Detection of Rotavirus Vaccine Strains in Oysters and Sewage and Their Relationship with the Gastroenteritis Epidemic</title><source>American Society for Microbiology</source><source>PubMed Central</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><creator>Ito, Erika ; Pu, Jian ; Miura, Takayuki ; Kazama, Shinobu ; Nishiyama, Masateru ; Ito, Hiroaki ; Konta, Yoshimitsu ; Omura, Tatsuo ; Watanabe, Toru</creator><contributor>Elkins, Christopher A ; Elkins, Christopher A.</contributor><creatorcontrib>Ito, Erika ; Pu, Jian ; Miura, Takayuki ; Kazama, Shinobu ; Nishiyama, Masateru ; Ito, Hiroaki ; Konta, Yoshimitsu ; Omura, Tatsuo ; Watanabe, Toru ; Elkins, Christopher A ; Elkins, Christopher A.</creatorcontrib><description>Rotavirus is one of the major causes of infectious gastroenteritis among infants and children, and live attenuated vaccines for rotavirus A (RVA), namely, Rotarix and RotaTeq, have recently become available in Japan. Rotavirus is known to be excreted from patients and accumulated in oysters similar to norovirus; however, the vaccine strains in aquatic environments or oysters have not yet been analyzed. In this study, we focused on wild-type RVA, which is highly important in considering the risk of infectious diseases. We quantified total RVA, Rotarix, and RotaTeq strains in oyster and sewage samples collected between September 2014 and July 2016 to assess the contamination levels of wild-type RVA by subtracting the quantitative value of rotavirus vaccine strains from that of total RVA. The positive rates of wild-type RVA, Rotarix, and RotaTeq in oysters were 54, 14, and 31%, respectively. These rates were comparable to those of wild-type RVA (57%) and RotaTeq (35%) in sewage; however, Rotarix was not detected in any sewage samples. The comparison of viral concentrations in oysters and sewage suggested more efficient accumulation of the vaccine strains in oysters than the wild-type RVA. The concentration of wild-type RVA in oysters was significantly correlated with that in sewage with a lag time of -6 to 0 weeks which is required for viral transportation from wastewater treatment plants to oysters. On the other hand, no significant correlation was observed between wild-type RVA concentration in sewage and the number of rotavirus-associated gastroenteritis cases, implying the existence of asymptomatic RVA-infected individuals.
We quantified rotavirus A (RVA), Rotarix, and RotaTeq strains in oyster and sewage samples during two gastroenteritis seasons and revealed the exact contamination of wild-type RVA by subtracting the quantitative value of rotavirus vaccine strains from that of RVA. The concentration of wild-type RVA was significantly correlated between oysters and sewage, although no significant correlation was seen between wild-type RVA concentration in sewage and the number of rotavirus-associated gastroenteritis cases. This finding suggested the existence of asymptomatic patients and that monitoring of rotavirus vaccine strain could be useful to understand the trend of wild-type RVA and rotavirus outbreak in detail. We believe that our study makes a significant contribution to the literature because it reports the detection of rotavirus vaccine strains in oysters.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0099-2240</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1098-5336</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1128/AEM.02547-20</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33712423</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: American Society for Microbiology</publisher><subject>Aquatic environment ; Asymptomatic ; Contamination ; Correlation ; Epidemics ; Gastroenteritis ; Health risks ; Infectious diseases ; Lag time ; Oysters ; Public and Environmental Health Microbiology ; Rotavirus ; Sewage ; Sewage disposal ; Shellfish ; Vaccines ; Viruses ; Wastewater treatment ; Wastewater treatment plants</subject><ispartof>Applied and environmental microbiology, 2021-04, Vol.87 (10)</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2021 American Society for Microbiology.</rights><rights>Copyright American Society for Microbiology May 2021</rights><rights>Copyright © 2021 American Society for Microbiology. 2021 American Society for Microbiology</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a490t-1cfdc79736014c804c2835485dc6be7a15758e5c8373427d37711352a74fc77c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a490t-1cfdc79736014c804c2835485dc6be7a15758e5c8373427d37711352a74fc77c3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-0671-8705 ; 0000-0002-3333-5443</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/AEM.02547-20$$EPDF$$P50$$Gasm2$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/full/10.1128/AEM.02547-20$$EHTML$$P50$$Gasm2$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,3188,27924,27925,52751,52752,52753,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33712423$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Elkins, Christopher A</contributor><contributor>Elkins, Christopher A.</contributor><creatorcontrib>Ito, Erika</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pu, Jian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Miura, Takayuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kazama, Shinobu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nishiyama, Masateru</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ito, Hiroaki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Konta, Yoshimitsu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Omura, Tatsuo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Watanabe, Toru</creatorcontrib><title>Detection of Rotavirus Vaccine Strains in Oysters and Sewage and Their Relationship with the Gastroenteritis Epidemic</title><title>Applied and environmental microbiology</title><addtitle>Appl Environ Microbiol</addtitle><addtitle>Appl Environ Microbiol</addtitle><description>Rotavirus is one of the major causes of infectious gastroenteritis among infants and children, and live attenuated vaccines for rotavirus A (RVA), namely, Rotarix and RotaTeq, have recently become available in Japan. Rotavirus is known to be excreted from patients and accumulated in oysters similar to norovirus; however, the vaccine strains in aquatic environments or oysters have not yet been analyzed. In this study, we focused on wild-type RVA, which is highly important in considering the risk of infectious diseases. We quantified total RVA, Rotarix, and RotaTeq strains in oyster and sewage samples collected between September 2014 and July 2016 to assess the contamination levels of wild-type RVA by subtracting the quantitative value of rotavirus vaccine strains from that of total RVA. The positive rates of wild-type RVA, Rotarix, and RotaTeq in oysters were 54, 14, and 31%, respectively. These rates were comparable to those of wild-type RVA (57%) and RotaTeq (35%) in sewage; however, Rotarix was not detected in any sewage samples. The comparison of viral concentrations in oysters and sewage suggested more efficient accumulation of the vaccine strains in oysters than the wild-type RVA. The concentration of wild-type RVA in oysters was significantly correlated with that in sewage with a lag time of -6 to 0 weeks which is required for viral transportation from wastewater treatment plants to oysters. On the other hand, no significant correlation was observed between wild-type RVA concentration in sewage and the number of rotavirus-associated gastroenteritis cases, implying the existence of asymptomatic RVA-infected individuals.
We quantified rotavirus A (RVA), Rotarix, and RotaTeq strains in oyster and sewage samples during two gastroenteritis seasons and revealed the exact contamination of wild-type RVA by subtracting the quantitative value of rotavirus vaccine strains from that of RVA. The concentration of wild-type RVA was significantly correlated between oysters and sewage, although no significant correlation was seen between wild-type RVA concentration in sewage and the number of rotavirus-associated gastroenteritis cases. This finding suggested the existence of asymptomatic patients and that monitoring of rotavirus vaccine strain could be useful to understand the trend of wild-type RVA and rotavirus outbreak in detail. We believe that our study makes a significant contribution to the literature because it reports the detection of rotavirus vaccine strains in oysters.</description><subject>Aquatic environment</subject><subject>Asymptomatic</subject><subject>Contamination</subject><subject>Correlation</subject><subject>Epidemics</subject><subject>Gastroenteritis</subject><subject>Health risks</subject><subject>Infectious diseases</subject><subject>Lag time</subject><subject>Oysters</subject><subject>Public and Environmental Health Microbiology</subject><subject>Rotavirus</subject><subject>Sewage</subject><subject>Sewage disposal</subject><subject>Shellfish</subject><subject>Vaccines</subject><subject>Viruses</subject><subject>Wastewater treatment</subject><subject>Wastewater treatment plants</subject><issn>0099-2240</issn><issn>1098-5336</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp1kUlLLDEURoM80XbYuZaAqweWZqykNkKj7QCK4LQNMXXLinRX-iUpxX9vaTsu3uoG7snJFz6EtijZo5Tp_fHkYo8wKVTByBIaUVLpQnJe_kEjQqqqYEyQVbSW0iMhRJBSr6BVzhVlgvER6o8gg8s-dDg0-Cpk--Rjn_Cddc53gK9ztL5L2Hf48iVliAnbrsbX8Gwf4P1404KP-Aqm9s2SWj_Hzz63OLeAT2zKMUA33PPZJzyZ-xpm3m2g5cZOE2x-zHV0ezy5OTwtzi9Pzg7H54UVFckFdU3tVKV4SahwmgjHNJdCy9qV96AslUpqkE5zxQVTNVeKUi6ZVaJxSjm-jg4W3nl_P4PaDUminZp59DMbX0yw3vzedL41D-HJaEqVKtkg2PkQxPCvh5TNY-hjN2Q2THKptVRlNVC7C8rFkFKE5usFSsxbSWYoybyXZBgZ8L8L3KYZ-xb-h93--YMv8WeD_BUBn5pz</recordid><startdate>20210427</startdate><enddate>20210427</enddate><creator>Ito, Erika</creator><creator>Pu, Jian</creator><creator>Miura, Takayuki</creator><creator>Kazama, Shinobu</creator><creator>Nishiyama, Masateru</creator><creator>Ito, Hiroaki</creator><creator>Konta, Yoshimitsu</creator><creator>Omura, Tatsuo</creator><creator>Watanabe, Toru</creator><general>American Society for Microbiology</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0671-8705</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3333-5443</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210427</creationdate><title>Detection of Rotavirus Vaccine Strains in Oysters and Sewage and Their Relationship with the Gastroenteritis Epidemic</title><author>Ito, Erika ; 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Rotavirus is known to be excreted from patients and accumulated in oysters similar to norovirus; however, the vaccine strains in aquatic environments or oysters have not yet been analyzed. In this study, we focused on wild-type RVA, which is highly important in considering the risk of infectious diseases. We quantified total RVA, Rotarix, and RotaTeq strains in oyster and sewage samples collected between September 2014 and July 2016 to assess the contamination levels of wild-type RVA by subtracting the quantitative value of rotavirus vaccine strains from that of total RVA. The positive rates of wild-type RVA, Rotarix, and RotaTeq in oysters were 54, 14, and 31%, respectively. These rates were comparable to those of wild-type RVA (57%) and RotaTeq (35%) in sewage; however, Rotarix was not detected in any sewage samples. The comparison of viral concentrations in oysters and sewage suggested more efficient accumulation of the vaccine strains in oysters than the wild-type RVA. The concentration of wild-type RVA in oysters was significantly correlated with that in sewage with a lag time of -6 to 0 weeks which is required for viral transportation from wastewater treatment plants to oysters. On the other hand, no significant correlation was observed between wild-type RVA concentration in sewage and the number of rotavirus-associated gastroenteritis cases, implying the existence of asymptomatic RVA-infected individuals.
We quantified rotavirus A (RVA), Rotarix, and RotaTeq strains in oyster and sewage samples during two gastroenteritis seasons and revealed the exact contamination of wild-type RVA by subtracting the quantitative value of rotavirus vaccine strains from that of RVA. The concentration of wild-type RVA was significantly correlated between oysters and sewage, although no significant correlation was seen between wild-type RVA concentration in sewage and the number of rotavirus-associated gastroenteritis cases. This finding suggested the existence of asymptomatic patients and that monitoring of rotavirus vaccine strain could be useful to understand the trend of wild-type RVA and rotavirus outbreak in detail. We believe that our study makes a significant contribution to the literature because it reports the detection of rotavirus vaccine strains in oysters.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>American Society for Microbiology</pub><pmid>33712423</pmid><doi>10.1128/AEM.02547-20</doi><tpages>9</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0671-8705</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3333-5443</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Aquatic environment Asymptomatic Contamination Correlation Epidemics Gastroenteritis Health risks Infectious diseases Lag time Oysters Public and Environmental Health Microbiology Rotavirus Sewage Sewage disposal Shellfish Vaccines Viruses Wastewater treatment Wastewater treatment plants |
| title | Detection of Rotavirus Vaccine Strains in Oysters and Sewage and Their Relationship with the Gastroenteritis Epidemic |
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