Formation and growth mechanism for niobium oxide nanoparticles: atomistic insight from in situ X-ray total scattering
Understanding the mechanisms for nanoparticle nucleation and growth is crucial for the development of tailormade nanomaterials. Here, we use X-ray total scattering and Pair Distribution Function analysis to follow the formation and growth of niobium oxide nanoparticles. We study the solvothermal syn...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Nanoscale 2021-05, Vol.13 (17), p.8087-8097 |
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| creator | Aalling-Frederiksen, Olivia Juelsholt, Mikkel Anker, Andy S Jensen, Kirsten M Ø |
| description | Understanding the mechanisms for nanoparticle nucleation and growth is crucial for the development of tailormade nanomaterials. Here, we use X-ray total scattering and Pair Distribution Function analysis to follow the formation and growth of niobium oxide nanoparticles. We study the solvothermal synthesis from niobium chloride in benzyl alcohol, and through investigations of the influence of reaction temperature, a formation pathway can be suggested. Upon dissolution of niobium chloride in benzyl alcohol, octahedral [NbCl
O
] complexes form through exchange of chloride ligands. Heating of the solution results in polymerization, where larger clusters built from multiple edge-sharing [NbCl
O
] octahedra assemble. This leads to the formation of a nucleation cluster with the ReO
type structure, which grows to form nanoparticles of the Wadsley-Roth type H-Nb
O
structure, which in the bulk phase usually only forms at high temperature. Upon further growth, structural defects appear, and the presence of shear-planes in the structure appears highly dependent on nanoparticle size. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1039/d0nr08299f |
| format | Article |
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O
] complexes form through exchange of chloride ligands. Heating of the solution results in polymerization, where larger clusters built from multiple edge-sharing [NbCl
O
] octahedra assemble. This leads to the formation of a nucleation cluster with the ReO
type structure, which grows to form nanoparticles of the Wadsley-Roth type H-Nb
O
structure, which in the bulk phase usually only forms at high temperature. Upon further growth, structural defects appear, and the presence of shear-planes in the structure appears highly dependent on nanoparticle size.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2040-3364</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2040-3372</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1039/d0nr08299f</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33956920</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Royal Society of Chemistry</publisher><subject>Benzyl alcohol ; Chemistry ; Chlorides ; Distribution functions ; Function analysis ; Heat exchange ; High temperature ; Nanomaterials ; Nanoparticles ; Niobium oxides ; Nucleation ; Shear planes ; Small angle X ray scattering</subject><ispartof>Nanoscale, 2021-05, Vol.13 (17), p.8087-8097</ispartof><rights>Copyright Royal Society of Chemistry 2021</rights><rights>This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2021 The Royal Society of Chemistry</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c406t-e3bb4ccf2fdecc985621b9112de3c7f19bbb982cf94d69ed59d1c289fd6f5c393</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c406t-e3bb4ccf2fdecc985621b9112de3c7f19bbb982cf94d69ed59d1c289fd6f5c393</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-6401-8267 ; 0000-0002-7403-6642 ; 0000-0003-1462-7173 ; 0000-0003-0291-217X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33956920$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Aalling-Frederiksen, Olivia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Juelsholt, Mikkel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Anker, Andy S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jensen, Kirsten M Ø</creatorcontrib><title>Formation and growth mechanism for niobium oxide nanoparticles: atomistic insight from in situ X-ray total scattering</title><title>Nanoscale</title><addtitle>Nanoscale</addtitle><description>Understanding the mechanisms for nanoparticle nucleation and growth is crucial for the development of tailormade nanomaterials. Here, we use X-ray total scattering and Pair Distribution Function analysis to follow the formation and growth of niobium oxide nanoparticles. We study the solvothermal synthesis from niobium chloride in benzyl alcohol, and through investigations of the influence of reaction temperature, a formation pathway can be suggested. Upon dissolution of niobium chloride in benzyl alcohol, octahedral [NbCl
O
] complexes form through exchange of chloride ligands. Heating of the solution results in polymerization, where larger clusters built from multiple edge-sharing [NbCl
O
] octahedra assemble. This leads to the formation of a nucleation cluster with the ReO
type structure, which grows to form nanoparticles of the Wadsley-Roth type H-Nb
O
structure, which in the bulk phase usually only forms at high temperature. Upon further growth, structural defects appear, and the presence of shear-planes in the structure appears highly dependent on nanoparticle size.</description><subject>Benzyl alcohol</subject><subject>Chemistry</subject><subject>Chlorides</subject><subject>Distribution functions</subject><subject>Function analysis</subject><subject>Heat exchange</subject><subject>High temperature</subject><subject>Nanomaterials</subject><subject>Nanoparticles</subject><subject>Niobium oxides</subject><subject>Nucleation</subject><subject>Shear planes</subject><subject>Small angle X ray scattering</subject><issn>2040-3364</issn><issn>2040-3372</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNpdkd2LEzEUxYMotlt98Q-QgC-yMJqvSSf7sCC7VoWiIAq-hUw-pikzSTfJrPa_d2prcX2693J_HM7hAPACozcYUfHWoJBQQ4Rwj8CcIIYqSpfk8XnnbAYuct4ixAXl9CmYUSpqLgiag3EV06CKjwGqYGCX4s-ygYPVGxV8HqCLCQYfWz8OMP7yxsKgQtypVLzubb6CqsTB5-mCPmTfbQp0KQ7TAbMvI_xRJbWHJRbVw6xVKTb50D0DT5zqs31-mgvwffX-283Hav3lw6ebd-tKM8RLZWnbMq0dccZqLZqaE9wKjImxVC8dFm3bioZoJ5jhwppaGKxJI5zhrtZU0AW4PuruxnawRttQkurlLvlBpb2MysuHn-A3sov3ssEIc1pPAq9PAinejTYXOYXVtu9VsHHMktSE0RoTxif01X_oNo4pTPEOFGGIcMwm6vJI6RRzTtadzWAkD23KW_T56582VxP88l_7Z_RvffQ3vOSeTQ</recordid><startdate>20210507</startdate><enddate>20210507</enddate><creator>Aalling-Frederiksen, Olivia</creator><creator>Juelsholt, Mikkel</creator><creator>Anker, Andy S</creator><creator>Jensen, Kirsten M Ø</creator><general>Royal Society of Chemistry</general><general>The Royal Society of Chemistry</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>F28</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6401-8267</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7403-6642</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1462-7173</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0291-217X</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210507</creationdate><title>Formation and growth mechanism for niobium oxide nanoparticles: atomistic insight from in situ X-ray total scattering</title><author>Aalling-Frederiksen, Olivia ; Juelsholt, Mikkel ; Anker, Andy S ; Jensen, Kirsten M Ø</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c406t-e3bb4ccf2fdecc985621b9112de3c7f19bbb982cf94d69ed59d1c289fd6f5c393</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Benzyl alcohol</topic><topic>Chemistry</topic><topic>Chlorides</topic><topic>Distribution functions</topic><topic>Function analysis</topic><topic>Heat exchange</topic><topic>High temperature</topic><topic>Nanomaterials</topic><topic>Nanoparticles</topic><topic>Niobium oxides</topic><topic>Nucleation</topic><topic>Shear planes</topic><topic>Small angle X ray scattering</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Aalling-Frederiksen, Olivia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Juelsholt, Mikkel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Anker, Andy S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jensen, Kirsten M Ø</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Nanoscale</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Aalling-Frederiksen, Olivia</au><au>Juelsholt, Mikkel</au><au>Anker, Andy S</au><au>Jensen, Kirsten M Ø</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Formation and growth mechanism for niobium oxide nanoparticles: atomistic insight from in situ X-ray total scattering</atitle><jtitle>Nanoscale</jtitle><addtitle>Nanoscale</addtitle><date>2021-05-07</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>13</volume><issue>17</issue><spage>8087</spage><epage>8097</epage><pages>8087-8097</pages><issn>2040-3364</issn><eissn>2040-3372</eissn><abstract>Understanding the mechanisms for nanoparticle nucleation and growth is crucial for the development of tailormade nanomaterials. Here, we use X-ray total scattering and Pair Distribution Function analysis to follow the formation and growth of niobium oxide nanoparticles. We study the solvothermal synthesis from niobium chloride in benzyl alcohol, and through investigations of the influence of reaction temperature, a formation pathway can be suggested. Upon dissolution of niobium chloride in benzyl alcohol, octahedral [NbCl
O
] complexes form through exchange of chloride ligands. Heating of the solution results in polymerization, where larger clusters built from multiple edge-sharing [NbCl
O
] octahedra assemble. This leads to the formation of a nucleation cluster with the ReO
type structure, which grows to form nanoparticles of the Wadsley-Roth type H-Nb
O
structure, which in the bulk phase usually only forms at high temperature. Upon further growth, structural defects appear, and the presence of shear-planes in the structure appears highly dependent on nanoparticle size.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Royal Society of Chemistry</pub><pmid>33956920</pmid><doi>10.1039/d0nr08299f</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6401-8267</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7403-6642</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1462-7173</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0291-217X</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| language | eng |
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| source | Royal Society Of Chemistry Journals 2008- |
| subjects | Benzyl alcohol Chemistry Chlorides Distribution functions Function analysis Heat exchange High temperature Nanomaterials Nanoparticles Niobium oxides Nucleation Shear planes Small angle X ray scattering |
| title | Formation and growth mechanism for niobium oxide nanoparticles: atomistic insight from in situ X-ray total scattering |
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