COVID-19 Outbreak Among Farmworkers — Okanogan County, Washington, May–August 2020
Okanogan County, Washington, experienced increased community transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, during summer 2020 (1). Multiple COVID-19 outbreaks occurred in agricultural settings, including a large outbreak among employees of a fruit grower during May-August. Because of t...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report 2021-04, Vol.70 (17), p.617-621 |
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| description | Okanogan County, Washington, experienced increased community transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, during summer 2020 (1). Multiple COVID-19 outbreaks occurred in agricultural settings, including a large outbreak among employees of a fruit grower during May-August. Because of this outbreak, Okanogan County Public Health and the Washington State Department of Health initiated one-time, on-site screening testing (2) of all orchard and warehouse employees in August 2020 and assessed risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Among 3,708 known orchard employees, a valid SARS-CoV-2 test result or information on COVID-19-like symptoms in the absence of a test was available for 3,013 (81%). Cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection during approximately 3 months among tested orchard employees was 6%. Cumulative incidence was 12% in employees residing in the community, compared with 4% in employees residing in farmworker housing (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.15585/mmwr.mm7017a3 |
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Multiple COVID-19 outbreaks occurred in agricultural settings, including a large outbreak among employees of a fruit grower during May-August. Because of this outbreak, Okanogan County Public Health and the Washington State Department of Health initiated one-time, on-site screening testing (2) of all orchard and warehouse employees in August 2020 and assessed risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Among 3,708 known orchard employees, a valid SARS-CoV-2 test result or information on COVID-19-like symptoms in the absence of a test was available for 3,013 (81%). Cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection during approximately 3 months among tested orchard employees was 6%. Cumulative incidence was 12% in employees residing in the community, compared with 4% in employees residing in farmworker housing (p<0.001); point prevalence during the single screening testing event was 1% in both groups. Among 1,247 known warehouse employees, a valid result was available for 726 (58%). Cumulative incidence over approximately 3 months among tested warehouse employees was 23%, with substantial variation across job roles. Positive test results were received by 28% of employees who worked packing and sorting fruit, 24% of those in other roles in the packing and sorting area, 10% of forklift operators, 7% of employees in other warehouse roles, and 6% of office employees. Point prevalence among all warehouse workers was 1% at the screening testing event. Collaboration among employers, community groups, and public health authorities can reveal risk factors and help decrease farmworkers' risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection in the community and the workplace. Creation of a COVID-19 assessment and control plan by agricultural employers, with particular focus on indoor workers whose jobs limit physical distancing, could reduce workplace transmission.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0149-2195</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1545-861X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7017a3</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33914719</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC)</publisher><subject>Antigens ; Coronaviruses ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 - epidemiology ; COVID-19 - prevention & control ; COVID-19 - transmission ; COVID-19 Testing - statistics & numerical data ; Disease Outbreaks ; Disease transmission ; Employees ; Farmers - statistics & numerical data ; Farmworkers ; Fruit industry ; Fruits ; Full Report ; Housing ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infection ; Infections ; Medical research ; Medical screening ; Medicine, Experimental ; Occupational Diseases - epidemiology ; Packaging ; Physical Distancing ; Public health ; Risk Factors ; Roles ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; Warehouse stores ; Washington - epidemiology ; Workplaces</subject><ispartof>MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, 2021-04, Vol.70 (17), p.617-621</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2021 U.S. Government Printing Office</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2021 U.S. Government Printing Office</rights><rights>Published 2021. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.</rights><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5213-7a2fbd2024dadd50a45ba4e8e64369c9149b7ade72a74362717b0632231b6b6b3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5213-7a2fbd2024dadd50a45ba4e8e64369c9149b7ade72a74362717b0632231b6b6b3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8084124/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8084124/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33914719$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Miller, James S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Holshue, Michelle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dostal, Tia K.H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Newman, Laura P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lindquist, Scott</creatorcontrib><title>COVID-19 Outbreak Among Farmworkers — Okanogan County, Washington, May–August 2020</title><title>MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report</title><addtitle>MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep</addtitle><description>Okanogan County, Washington, experienced increased community transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, during summer 2020 (1). Multiple COVID-19 outbreaks occurred in agricultural settings, including a large outbreak among employees of a fruit grower during May-August. Because of this outbreak, Okanogan County Public Health and the Washington State Department of Health initiated one-time, on-site screening testing (2) of all orchard and warehouse employees in August 2020 and assessed risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Among 3,708 known orchard employees, a valid SARS-CoV-2 test result or information on COVID-19-like symptoms in the absence of a test was available for 3,013 (81%). Cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection during approximately 3 months among tested orchard employees was 6%. Cumulative incidence was 12% in employees residing in the community, compared with 4% in employees residing in farmworker housing (p<0.001); point prevalence during the single screening testing event was 1% in both groups. Among 1,247 known warehouse employees, a valid result was available for 726 (58%). Cumulative incidence over approximately 3 months among tested warehouse employees was 23%, with substantial variation across job roles. Positive test results were received by 28% of employees who worked packing and sorting fruit, 24% of those in other roles in the packing and sorting area, 10% of forklift operators, 7% of employees in other warehouse roles, and 6% of office employees. Point prevalence among all warehouse workers was 1% at the screening testing event. Collaboration among employers, community groups, and public health authorities can reveal risk factors and help decrease farmworkers' risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection in the community and the workplace. Creation of a COVID-19 assessment and control plan by agricultural employers, with particular focus on indoor workers whose jobs limit physical distancing, could reduce workplace transmission.</description><subject>Antigens</subject><subject>Coronaviruses</subject><subject>COVID-19</subject><subject>COVID-19 - epidemiology</subject><subject>COVID-19 - prevention & control</subject><subject>COVID-19 - transmission</subject><subject>COVID-19 Testing - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Disease Outbreaks</subject><subject>Disease transmission</subject><subject>Employees</subject><subject>Farmers - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Farmworkers</subject><subject>Fruit industry</subject><subject>Fruits</subject><subject>Full Report</subject><subject>Housing</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Incidence</subject><subject>Infection</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Medical research</subject><subject>Medical screening</subject><subject>Medicine, Experimental</subject><subject>Occupational Diseases - epidemiology</subject><subject>Packaging</subject><subject>Physical Distancing</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Roles</subject><subject>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</subject><subject>Warehouse stores</subject><subject>Washington - epidemiology</subject><subject>Workplaces</subject><issn>0149-2195</issn><issn>1545-861X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kk9v0zAYxi0EYqVw5QaKhoQ4LMV_4ji5IFWFwaShXmBws94kTpo1sYvtMHrbd4BPuE-CS7eKomIfLL3v73n9yH4QekrwhHCe8dd9f2UnfS8wEcDuoRHhCY-zlHy9j0aYJHlMSc6P0CPnLvFmMfwQHTGWk0SQfIQuZvOLs7cxyaP54AurYBlNe6Ob6BRsf2XsUlkX3Vz_iuZL0KYBHc3MoP36JPoCbtHqxht9En2E9c31z-nQDM5HFFP8GD2ooXPqye05Rp9P332afYjP5-_PZtPzuOSUsFgArYsqCJIKqopjSHgBicpUmrA0L4PJvBBQKUFBhAoVRBQ4ZZQyUqRhszF6s527GopeVaXS3kInV7btwa6lgVbud3S7kI35LjOcJYQmYcDx7QBrvg3KeWnVyljvJBWc51gkYgO9-gfqW1eqrgOtzBBQTnEmaBasjdGLLdpAp2SraxOuLTe4nKYpFlmasyxQ8QGqUVoFj0arug3lPX5ygA-7Un1bHhS83BMExqsfvoHBOfl_cKGg8wtnusG3RruDFkprnLOq3j0ywfJPFOUmivIuikHw_O-v2eF32QvAsy1w6byxuz4VmOM0pOM3ZJzhOw</recordid><startdate>20210430</startdate><enddate>20210430</enddate><creator>Miller, James S.</creator><creator>Holshue, Michelle</creator><creator>Dostal, Tia K.H.</creator><creator>Newman, Laura P.</creator><creator>Lindquist, Scott</creator><general>Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC)</general><general>U.S. Government Printing Office</general><general>U.S. Center for Disease Control</general><general>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>0-V</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>4T-</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88C</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88F</scope><scope>88J</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ALSLI</scope><scope>AN0</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9-</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0R</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M0T</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M1Q</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M2R</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>S0X</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20210430</creationdate><title>COVID-19 Outbreak Among Farmworkers — Okanogan County, Washington, May–August 2020</title><author>Miller, James S. ; Holshue, Michelle ; Dostal, Tia K.H. ; Newman, Laura P. ; Lindquist, Scott</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5213-7a2fbd2024dadd50a45ba4e8e64369c9149b7ade72a74362717b0632231b6b6b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Antigens</topic><topic>Coronaviruses</topic><topic>COVID-19</topic><topic>COVID-19 - epidemiology</topic><topic>COVID-19 - prevention & control</topic><topic>COVID-19 - transmission</topic><topic>COVID-19 Testing - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Disease Outbreaks</topic><topic>Disease transmission</topic><topic>Employees</topic><topic>Farmers - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Farmworkers</topic><topic>Fruit industry</topic><topic>Fruits</topic><topic>Full Report</topic><topic>Housing</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Incidence</topic><topic>Infection</topic><topic>Infections</topic><topic>Medical research</topic><topic>Medical screening</topic><topic>Medicine, Experimental</topic><topic>Occupational Diseases - epidemiology</topic><topic>Packaging</topic><topic>Physical Distancing</topic><topic>Public health</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Roles</topic><topic>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</topic><topic>Warehouse stores</topic><topic>Washington - epidemiology</topic><topic>Workplaces</topic><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Miller, James S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Holshue, Michelle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dostal, Tia K.H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Newman, Laura P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lindquist, Scott</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest Social Sciences Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Docstoc</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Healthcare Administration Database (Alumni)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Military Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Social Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Social Science Premium Collection</collection><collection>British Nursing Database</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Healthcare Administration Database</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Military Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Social Science Database</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>SIRS Editorial</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Miller, James S.</au><au>Holshue, Michelle</au><au>Dostal, Tia K.H.</au><au>Newman, Laura P.</au><au>Lindquist, Scott</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>COVID-19 Outbreak Among Farmworkers — Okanogan County, Washington, May–August 2020</atitle><jtitle>MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report</jtitle><addtitle>MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep</addtitle><date>2021-04-30</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>70</volume><issue>17</issue><spage>617</spage><epage>621</epage><pages>617-621</pages><issn>0149-2195</issn><eissn>1545-861X</eissn><abstract>Okanogan County, Washington, experienced increased community transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, during summer 2020 (1). Multiple COVID-19 outbreaks occurred in agricultural settings, including a large outbreak among employees of a fruit grower during May-August. Because of this outbreak, Okanogan County Public Health and the Washington State Department of Health initiated one-time, on-site screening testing (2) of all orchard and warehouse employees in August 2020 and assessed risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Among 3,708 known orchard employees, a valid SARS-CoV-2 test result or information on COVID-19-like symptoms in the absence of a test was available for 3,013 (81%). Cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection during approximately 3 months among tested orchard employees was 6%. Cumulative incidence was 12% in employees residing in the community, compared with 4% in employees residing in farmworker housing (p<0.001); point prevalence during the single screening testing event was 1% in both groups. Among 1,247 known warehouse employees, a valid result was available for 726 (58%). Cumulative incidence over approximately 3 months among tested warehouse employees was 23%, with substantial variation across job roles. Positive test results were received by 28% of employees who worked packing and sorting fruit, 24% of those in other roles in the packing and sorting area, 10% of forklift operators, 7% of employees in other warehouse roles, and 6% of office employees. Point prevalence among all warehouse workers was 1% at the screening testing event. Collaboration among employers, community groups, and public health authorities can reveal risk factors and help decrease farmworkers' risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection in the community and the workplace. Creation of a COVID-19 assessment and control plan by agricultural employers, with particular focus on indoor workers whose jobs limit physical distancing, could reduce workplace transmission.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC)</pub><pmid>33914719</pmid><doi>10.15585/mmwr.mm7017a3</doi><tpages>5</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; PubMed Central Open Access |
| subjects | Antigens Coronaviruses COVID-19 COVID-19 - epidemiology COVID-19 - prevention & control COVID-19 - transmission COVID-19 Testing - statistics & numerical data Disease Outbreaks Disease transmission Employees Farmers - statistics & numerical data Farmworkers Fruit industry Fruits Full Report Housing Humans Incidence Infection Infections Medical research Medical screening Medicine, Experimental Occupational Diseases - epidemiology Packaging Physical Distancing Public health Risk Factors Roles Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Warehouse stores Washington - epidemiology Workplaces |
| title | COVID-19 Outbreak Among Farmworkers — Okanogan County, Washington, May–August 2020 |
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