Application of phototherapeutic-based nanoparticles in colorectal cancer
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer death, which accounts for approximately 10% of all new cancer cases worldwide. Surgery is the main method for treatment of early-stage CRC. However, it is not effective for most metastatic...
Gespeichert in:
Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of biological sciences 2021-01, Vol.17 (5), p.1361-1381 |
---|---|
Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Artikel |
Sprache: | eng |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
container_end_page | 1381 |
---|---|
container_issue | 5 |
container_start_page | 1361 |
container_title | International journal of biological sciences |
container_volume | 17 |
creator | Yan, Jiaxin Wang, Chunli Jiang, Xiaomei Wei, Yiqu Wang, Qun Cui, Kunli Xu, Xiao Wang, Feng Zhang, Lei |
description | Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer death, which accounts for approximately 10% of all new cancer cases worldwide. Surgery is the main method for treatment of early-stage CRC. However, it is not effective for most metastatic tumors, and new treatment and diagnosis strategies need to be developed. Photosensitizers (PSs) play an important role in the treatment of CRC. Phototherapy also has a broad prospect in the treatment of CRC because of its low invasiveness and low toxicity. However, most PSs are associated with limitations including poor solubility, poor selectivity and high toxicity. The application of nanomaterials in PSs has added many advantages, including increased solubility, bioavailability, targeting, stability and low toxicity. In this review, based on phototherapy, we discuss the characteristics and development progress of PSs, the targeting of PSs at organ, cell and molecular levels, and the current methods of optimizing PSs, especially the application of nanoparticles as carriers in CRC. We introduce the photosensitizer (PS) targeting process in photodynamic therapy (PDT), the damage mechanism of PDT, and the application of classic PS in CRC. The action process and damage mechanism of photothermal therapy (PTT) and the types of ablation agents. In addition, we present the imaging examination and the application of PDT / PTT in tumor, including (fluorescence imaging, photoacoustic imaging, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, nuclear imaging) to provide the basis for the early diagnosis of CRC. Notably, single phototherapy has several limitations
, especially for deep tumors. Here, we discuss the advantages of the combination therapy of PDT and PTT compared with the single therapy. At the same time, this review summarizes the clinical application of PS in CRC. Although a variety of nanomaterials are in the research and development stage, few of them are actually on the market, they will show great advantages in the treatment of CRC in the near future. |
doi_str_mv | 10.7150/ijbs.58773 |
format | Article |
fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_8040477</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2598394168</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c472t-f042c71dec873f8693fd2536a607f20282f4c4bbcfb00336361c0d0ff72af4eb3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNpdkUFLAzEQhYMotlYv_gBZ8CLC1mySTdKLUIpaoeBFzyGbTWzKNlmTXcF_b2prqZ5mmPkY3rwHwGUBx6wo4Z1dVXFccsbwERgWhExyhDg_PugH4CzGFYSYlhyeggHGnDJeoiGYT9u2sUp21rvMm6xd-s53Sx1kq_vOqrySUdeZk863MqRBo2NmXaZ844NWnWwyJZ3S4RycGNlEfbGrI_D2-PA6m-eLl6fn2XSRK8JQlxtIkGJFrRVn2HA6waZGJaaSQmYQRBwZokhVKVMluZhiWihYQ2MYkoboCo_A_fZu21drXSvtuiAb0Qa7luFLeGnF342zS_HuPwWHBJLk0Qjc7A4E_9Hr2Im1jUo3jXTa91GgMnlK2YTjhF7_Q1e-Dy69l6gETEhBeaJut5QKPsagzV5MAcUmILEJSPwElOCrQ_l79DcR_A0Ev42Q</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2598394168</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Application of phototherapeutic-based nanoparticles in colorectal cancer</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals</source><source>PubMed Central</source><source>PubMed Central Open Access</source><creator>Yan, Jiaxin ; Wang, Chunli ; Jiang, Xiaomei ; Wei, Yiqu ; Wang, Qun ; Cui, Kunli ; Xu, Xiao ; Wang, Feng ; Zhang, Lei</creator><creatorcontrib>Yan, Jiaxin ; Wang, Chunli ; Jiang, Xiaomei ; Wei, Yiqu ; Wang, Qun ; Cui, Kunli ; Xu, Xiao ; Wang, Feng ; Zhang, Lei</creatorcontrib><description>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer death, which accounts for approximately 10% of all new cancer cases worldwide. Surgery is the main method for treatment of early-stage CRC. However, it is not effective for most metastatic tumors, and new treatment and diagnosis strategies need to be developed. Photosensitizers (PSs) play an important role in the treatment of CRC. Phototherapy also has a broad prospect in the treatment of CRC because of its low invasiveness and low toxicity. However, most PSs are associated with limitations including poor solubility, poor selectivity and high toxicity. The application of nanomaterials in PSs has added many advantages, including increased solubility, bioavailability, targeting, stability and low toxicity. In this review, based on phototherapy, we discuss the characteristics and development progress of PSs, the targeting of PSs at organ, cell and molecular levels, and the current methods of optimizing PSs, especially the application of nanoparticles as carriers in CRC. We introduce the photosensitizer (PS) targeting process in photodynamic therapy (PDT), the damage mechanism of PDT, and the application of classic PS in CRC. The action process and damage mechanism of photothermal therapy (PTT) and the types of ablation agents. In addition, we present the imaging examination and the application of PDT / PTT in tumor, including (fluorescence imaging, photoacoustic imaging, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, nuclear imaging) to provide the basis for the early diagnosis of CRC. Notably, single phototherapy has several limitations
, especially for deep tumors. Here, we discuss the advantages of the combination therapy of PDT and PTT compared with the single therapy. At the same time, this review summarizes the clinical application of PS in CRC. Although a variety of nanomaterials are in the research and development stage, few of them are actually on the market, they will show great advantages in the treatment of CRC in the near future.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1449-2288</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1449-2288</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.58773</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33867852</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Australia: Ivyspring International Publisher Pty Ltd</publisher><subject>Ablation ; Bioavailability ; Biocompatibility ; Cancer ; Cancer therapies ; Chemotherapy ; Colorectal cancer ; Colorectal carcinoma ; Colorectal Neoplasms - diagnosis ; Colorectal Neoplasms - therapy ; Combined Modality Therapy - methods ; Combined Modality Therapy - trends ; Damage ; Developmental stages ; Diagnosis ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Drugs ; Fluorescence ; Humans ; Invasiveness ; Light ; Light therapy ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Malignancy ; Medical diagnosis ; Medical imaging ; Metastases ; Nanomaterials ; Nanoparticles ; Nanoparticles - therapeutic use ; Nanotechnology ; NMR ; Nuclear magnetic resonance ; Permeability ; Photochemotherapy - methods ; Photodynamic therapy ; Photosensitizing Agents - pharmacology ; Phototherapy ; Photothermal Therapy - methods ; R&D ; Reagents ; Research & development ; Research Paper ; Selectivity ; Solubility ; Toxicity ; Tumors</subject><ispartof>International journal of biological sciences, 2021-01, Vol.17 (5), p.1361-1381</ispartof><rights>The author(s).</rights><rights>2021. This work is published under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>The author(s) 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c472t-f042c71dec873f8693fd2536a607f20282f4c4bbcfb00336361c0d0ff72af4eb3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8040477/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8040477/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33867852$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Yan, Jiaxin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Chunli</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jiang, Xiaomei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wei, Yiqu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Qun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cui, Kunli</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Xiao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Feng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Lei</creatorcontrib><title>Application of phototherapeutic-based nanoparticles in colorectal cancer</title><title>International journal of biological sciences</title><addtitle>Int J Biol Sci</addtitle><description>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer death, which accounts for approximately 10% of all new cancer cases worldwide. Surgery is the main method for treatment of early-stage CRC. However, it is not effective for most metastatic tumors, and new treatment and diagnosis strategies need to be developed. Photosensitizers (PSs) play an important role in the treatment of CRC. Phototherapy also has a broad prospect in the treatment of CRC because of its low invasiveness and low toxicity. However, most PSs are associated with limitations including poor solubility, poor selectivity and high toxicity. The application of nanomaterials in PSs has added many advantages, including increased solubility, bioavailability, targeting, stability and low toxicity. In this review, based on phototherapy, we discuss the characteristics and development progress of PSs, the targeting of PSs at organ, cell and molecular levels, and the current methods of optimizing PSs, especially the application of nanoparticles as carriers in CRC. We introduce the photosensitizer (PS) targeting process in photodynamic therapy (PDT), the damage mechanism of PDT, and the application of classic PS in CRC. The action process and damage mechanism of photothermal therapy (PTT) and the types of ablation agents. In addition, we present the imaging examination and the application of PDT / PTT in tumor, including (fluorescence imaging, photoacoustic imaging, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, nuclear imaging) to provide the basis for the early diagnosis of CRC. Notably, single phototherapy has several limitations
, especially for deep tumors. Here, we discuss the advantages of the combination therapy of PDT and PTT compared with the single therapy. At the same time, this review summarizes the clinical application of PS in CRC. Although a variety of nanomaterials are in the research and development stage, few of them are actually on the market, they will show great advantages in the treatment of CRC in the near future.</description><subject>Ablation</subject><subject>Bioavailability</subject><subject>Biocompatibility</subject><subject>Cancer</subject><subject>Cancer therapies</subject><subject>Chemotherapy</subject><subject>Colorectal cancer</subject><subject>Colorectal carcinoma</subject><subject>Colorectal Neoplasms - diagnosis</subject><subject>Colorectal Neoplasms - therapy</subject><subject>Combined Modality Therapy - methods</subject><subject>Combined Modality Therapy - trends</subject><subject>Damage</subject><subject>Developmental stages</subject><subject>Diagnosis</subject><subject>Drug Delivery Systems</subject><subject>Drugs</subject><subject>Fluorescence</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Invasiveness</subject><subject>Light</subject><subject>Light therapy</subject><subject>Magnetic resonance imaging</subject><subject>Malignancy</subject><subject>Medical diagnosis</subject><subject>Medical imaging</subject><subject>Metastases</subject><subject>Nanomaterials</subject><subject>Nanoparticles</subject><subject>Nanoparticles - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Nanotechnology</subject><subject>NMR</subject><subject>Nuclear magnetic resonance</subject><subject>Permeability</subject><subject>Photochemotherapy - methods</subject><subject>Photodynamic therapy</subject><subject>Photosensitizing Agents - pharmacology</subject><subject>Phototherapy</subject><subject>Photothermal Therapy - methods</subject><subject>R&D</subject><subject>Reagents</subject><subject>Research & development</subject><subject>Research Paper</subject><subject>Selectivity</subject><subject>Solubility</subject><subject>Toxicity</subject><subject>Tumors</subject><issn>1449-2288</issn><issn>1449-2288</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkUFLAzEQhYMotlYv_gBZ8CLC1mySTdKLUIpaoeBFzyGbTWzKNlmTXcF_b2prqZ5mmPkY3rwHwGUBx6wo4Z1dVXFccsbwERgWhExyhDg_PugH4CzGFYSYlhyeggHGnDJeoiGYT9u2sUp21rvMm6xd-s53Sx1kq_vOqrySUdeZk863MqRBo2NmXaZ844NWnWwyJZ3S4RycGNlEfbGrI_D2-PA6m-eLl6fn2XSRK8JQlxtIkGJFrRVn2HA6waZGJaaSQmYQRBwZokhVKVMluZhiWihYQ2MYkoboCo_A_fZu21drXSvtuiAb0Qa7luFLeGnF342zS_HuPwWHBJLk0Qjc7A4E_9Hr2Im1jUo3jXTa91GgMnlK2YTjhF7_Q1e-Dy69l6gETEhBeaJut5QKPsagzV5MAcUmILEJSPwElOCrQ_l79DcR_A0Ev42Q</recordid><startdate>20210101</startdate><enddate>20210101</enddate><creator>Yan, Jiaxin</creator><creator>Wang, Chunli</creator><creator>Jiang, Xiaomei</creator><creator>Wei, Yiqu</creator><creator>Wang, Qun</creator><creator>Cui, Kunli</creator><creator>Xu, Xiao</creator><creator>Wang, Feng</creator><creator>Zhang, Lei</creator><general>Ivyspring International Publisher Pty Ltd</general><general>Ivyspring International Publisher</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20210101</creationdate><title>Application of phototherapeutic-based nanoparticles in colorectal cancer</title><author>Yan, Jiaxin ; Wang, Chunli ; Jiang, Xiaomei ; Wei, Yiqu ; Wang, Qun ; Cui, Kunli ; Xu, Xiao ; Wang, Feng ; Zhang, Lei</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c472t-f042c71dec873f8693fd2536a607f20282f4c4bbcfb00336361c0d0ff72af4eb3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Ablation</topic><topic>Bioavailability</topic><topic>Biocompatibility</topic><topic>Cancer</topic><topic>Cancer therapies</topic><topic>Chemotherapy</topic><topic>Colorectal cancer</topic><topic>Colorectal carcinoma</topic><topic>Colorectal Neoplasms - diagnosis</topic><topic>Colorectal Neoplasms - therapy</topic><topic>Combined Modality Therapy - methods</topic><topic>Combined Modality Therapy - trends</topic><topic>Damage</topic><topic>Developmental stages</topic><topic>Diagnosis</topic><topic>Drug Delivery Systems</topic><topic>Drugs</topic><topic>Fluorescence</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Invasiveness</topic><topic>Light</topic><topic>Light therapy</topic><topic>Magnetic resonance imaging</topic><topic>Malignancy</topic><topic>Medical diagnosis</topic><topic>Medical imaging</topic><topic>Metastases</topic><topic>Nanomaterials</topic><topic>Nanoparticles</topic><topic>Nanoparticles - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Nanotechnology</topic><topic>NMR</topic><topic>Nuclear magnetic resonance</topic><topic>Permeability</topic><topic>Photochemotherapy - methods</topic><topic>Photodynamic therapy</topic><topic>Photosensitizing Agents - pharmacology</topic><topic>Phototherapy</topic><topic>Photothermal Therapy - methods</topic><topic>R&D</topic><topic>Reagents</topic><topic>Research & development</topic><topic>Research Paper</topic><topic>Selectivity</topic><topic>Solubility</topic><topic>Toxicity</topic><topic>Tumors</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Yan, Jiaxin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Chunli</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jiang, Xiaomei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wei, Yiqu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Qun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cui, Kunli</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Xiao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Feng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Lei</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>International journal of biological sciences</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Yan, Jiaxin</au><au>Wang, Chunli</au><au>Jiang, Xiaomei</au><au>Wei, Yiqu</au><au>Wang, Qun</au><au>Cui, Kunli</au><au>Xu, Xiao</au><au>Wang, Feng</au><au>Zhang, Lei</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Application of phototherapeutic-based nanoparticles in colorectal cancer</atitle><jtitle>International journal of biological sciences</jtitle><addtitle>Int J Biol Sci</addtitle><date>2021-01-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>17</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>1361</spage><epage>1381</epage><pages>1361-1381</pages><issn>1449-2288</issn><eissn>1449-2288</eissn><abstract>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer death, which accounts for approximately 10% of all new cancer cases worldwide. Surgery is the main method for treatment of early-stage CRC. However, it is not effective for most metastatic tumors, and new treatment and diagnosis strategies need to be developed. Photosensitizers (PSs) play an important role in the treatment of CRC. Phototherapy also has a broad prospect in the treatment of CRC because of its low invasiveness and low toxicity. However, most PSs are associated with limitations including poor solubility, poor selectivity and high toxicity. The application of nanomaterials in PSs has added many advantages, including increased solubility, bioavailability, targeting, stability and low toxicity. In this review, based on phototherapy, we discuss the characteristics and development progress of PSs, the targeting of PSs at organ, cell and molecular levels, and the current methods of optimizing PSs, especially the application of nanoparticles as carriers in CRC. We introduce the photosensitizer (PS) targeting process in photodynamic therapy (PDT), the damage mechanism of PDT, and the application of classic PS in CRC. The action process and damage mechanism of photothermal therapy (PTT) and the types of ablation agents. In addition, we present the imaging examination and the application of PDT / PTT in tumor, including (fluorescence imaging, photoacoustic imaging, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, nuclear imaging) to provide the basis for the early diagnosis of CRC. Notably, single phototherapy has several limitations
, especially for deep tumors. Here, we discuss the advantages of the combination therapy of PDT and PTT compared with the single therapy. At the same time, this review summarizes the clinical application of PS in CRC. Although a variety of nanomaterials are in the research and development stage, few of them are actually on the market, they will show great advantages in the treatment of CRC in the near future.</abstract><cop>Australia</cop><pub>Ivyspring International Publisher Pty Ltd</pub><pmid>33867852</pmid><doi>10.7150/ijbs.58773</doi><tpages>21</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
fulltext | fulltext |
identifier | ISSN: 1449-2288 |
ispartof | International journal of biological sciences, 2021-01, Vol.17 (5), p.1361-1381 |
issn | 1449-2288 1449-2288 |
language | eng |
recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_8040477 |
source | MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; PubMed Central Open Access |
subjects | Ablation Bioavailability Biocompatibility Cancer Cancer therapies Chemotherapy Colorectal cancer Colorectal carcinoma Colorectal Neoplasms - diagnosis Colorectal Neoplasms - therapy Combined Modality Therapy - methods Combined Modality Therapy - trends Damage Developmental stages Diagnosis Drug Delivery Systems Drugs Fluorescence Humans Invasiveness Light Light therapy Magnetic resonance imaging Malignancy Medical diagnosis Medical imaging Metastases Nanomaterials Nanoparticles Nanoparticles - therapeutic use Nanotechnology NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance Permeability Photochemotherapy - methods Photodynamic therapy Photosensitizing Agents - pharmacology Phototherapy Photothermal Therapy - methods R&D Reagents Research & development Research Paper Selectivity Solubility Toxicity Tumors |
title | Application of phototherapeutic-based nanoparticles in colorectal cancer |
url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-29T22%3A39%3A18IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_pubme&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Application%20of%20phototherapeutic-based%20nanoparticles%20in%20colorectal%20cancer&rft.jtitle=International%20journal%20of%20biological%20sciences&rft.au=Yan,%20Jiaxin&rft.date=2021-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1361&rft.epage=1381&rft.pages=1361-1381&rft.issn=1449-2288&rft.eissn=1449-2288&rft_id=info:doi/10.7150/ijbs.58773&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_pubme%3E2598394168%3C/proquest_pubme%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2598394168&rft_id=info:pmid/33867852&rfr_iscdi=true |