Application of phototherapeutic-based nanoparticles in colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer death, which accounts for approximately 10% of all new cancer cases worldwide. Surgery is the main method for treatment of early-stage CRC. However, it is not effective for most metastatic...

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Veröffentlicht in:International journal of biological sciences 2021-01, Vol.17 (5), p.1361-1381
Hauptverfasser: Yan, Jiaxin, Wang, Chunli, Jiang, Xiaomei, Wei, Yiqu, Wang, Qun, Cui, Kunli, Xu, Xiao, Wang, Feng, Zhang, Lei
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container_issue 5
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container_title International journal of biological sciences
container_volume 17
creator Yan, Jiaxin
Wang, Chunli
Jiang, Xiaomei
Wei, Yiqu
Wang, Qun
Cui, Kunli
Xu, Xiao
Wang, Feng
Zhang, Lei
description Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer death, which accounts for approximately 10% of all new cancer cases worldwide. Surgery is the main method for treatment of early-stage CRC. However, it is not effective for most metastatic tumors, and new treatment and diagnosis strategies need to be developed. Photosensitizers (PSs) play an important role in the treatment of CRC. Phototherapy also has a broad prospect in the treatment of CRC because of its low invasiveness and low toxicity. However, most PSs are associated with limitations including poor solubility, poor selectivity and high toxicity. The application of nanomaterials in PSs has added many advantages, including increased solubility, bioavailability, targeting, stability and low toxicity. In this review, based on phototherapy, we discuss the characteristics and development progress of PSs, the targeting of PSs at organ, cell and molecular levels, and the current methods of optimizing PSs, especially the application of nanoparticles as carriers in CRC. We introduce the photosensitizer (PS) targeting process in photodynamic therapy (PDT), the damage mechanism of PDT, and the application of classic PS in CRC. The action process and damage mechanism of photothermal therapy (PTT) and the types of ablation agents. In addition, we present the imaging examination and the application of PDT / PTT in tumor, including (fluorescence imaging, photoacoustic imaging, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, nuclear imaging) to provide the basis for the early diagnosis of CRC. Notably, single phototherapy has several limitations , especially for deep tumors. Here, we discuss the advantages of the combination therapy of PDT and PTT compared with the single therapy. At the same time, this review summarizes the clinical application of PS in CRC. Although a variety of nanomaterials are in the research and development stage, few of them are actually on the market, they will show great advantages in the treatment of CRC in the near future.
doi_str_mv 10.7150/ijbs.58773
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We introduce the photosensitizer (PS) targeting process in photodynamic therapy (PDT), the damage mechanism of PDT, and the application of classic PS in CRC. The action process and damage mechanism of photothermal therapy (PTT) and the types of ablation agents. In addition, we present the imaging examination and the application of PDT / PTT in tumor, including (fluorescence imaging, photoacoustic imaging, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, nuclear imaging) to provide the basis for the early diagnosis of CRC. Notably, single phototherapy has several limitations , especially for deep tumors. Here, we discuss the advantages of the combination therapy of PDT and PTT compared with the single therapy. At the same time, this review summarizes the clinical application of PS in CRC. 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subjects Ablation
Bioavailability
Biocompatibility
Cancer
Cancer therapies
Chemotherapy
Colorectal cancer
Colorectal carcinoma
Colorectal Neoplasms - diagnosis
Colorectal Neoplasms - therapy
Combined Modality Therapy - methods
Combined Modality Therapy - trends
Damage
Developmental stages
Diagnosis
Drug Delivery Systems
Drugs
Fluorescence
Humans
Invasiveness
Light
Light therapy
Magnetic resonance imaging
Malignancy
Medical diagnosis
Medical imaging
Metastases
Nanomaterials
Nanoparticles
Nanoparticles - therapeutic use
Nanotechnology
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Permeability
Photochemotherapy - methods
Photodynamic therapy
Photosensitizing Agents - pharmacology
Phototherapy
Photothermal Therapy - methods
R&D
Reagents
Research & development
Research Paper
Selectivity
Solubility
Toxicity
Tumors
title Application of phototherapeutic-based nanoparticles in colorectal cancer
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