Design of Promising Heptacoordinated Organotin (IV) Complexes-PEDOT: PSS-Based Composite for New-Generation Optoelectronic Devices Applications
The synthesis of four mononuclear heptacoordinated organotin (IV) complexes of mixed ligands derived from tridentated Schiff bases and pyrazinecarboxylic acid is reported. This organotin (IV) complexes were prepared by using a multicomponent reaction, the reaction proceeds in moderate to good yields...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Polymers 2021-03, Vol.13 (7), p.1023 |
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| creator | Sánchez-Vergara, María Elena Hamui, Leon Gómez, Elizabeth Chans, Guillermo M Galván-Hidalgo, José Miguel |
| description | The synthesis of four mononuclear heptacoordinated organotin (IV) complexes of mixed ligands derived from tridentated Schiff bases and pyrazinecarboxylic acid is reported. This organotin (IV) complexes were prepared by using a multicomponent reaction, the reaction proceeds in moderate to good yields (64% to 82%). The complexes were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry,
H,
C, and
Sn nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and elemental analysis. The spectroscopic analysis revealed that the tin atom is seven-coordinate in solution and that the carboxyl group acts as monodentate ligand. To determine the effect of the substituent on the optoelectronic properties of the organotin (IV) complexes, thin films were deposited, and the optical bandgap was obtained. A bandgap between 1.88 and 1.98 eV for the pellets and between 1.23 and 1.40 eV for the thin films was obtained. Later, different types of optoelectronic devices with architecture "contacts up/base down" were manufactured and analyzed to compare their electrical behavior. The design was intended to generate a composite based on the synthetized heptacoordinated organotin (IV) complexes embedded on the poly(3,4-ethylenedyoxithiophene)-poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). A Schottky curve at low voltages ( |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/polym13071023 |
| format | Article |
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H,
C, and
Sn nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and elemental analysis. The spectroscopic analysis revealed that the tin atom is seven-coordinate in solution and that the carboxyl group acts as monodentate ligand. To determine the effect of the substituent on the optoelectronic properties of the organotin (IV) complexes, thin films were deposited, and the optical bandgap was obtained. A bandgap between 1.88 and 1.98 eV for the pellets and between 1.23 and 1.40 eV for the thin films was obtained. Later, different types of optoelectronic devices with architecture "contacts up/base down" were manufactured and analyzed to compare their electrical behavior. The design was intended to generate a composite based on the synthetized heptacoordinated organotin (IV) complexes embedded on the poly(3,4-ethylenedyoxithiophene)-poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). A Schottky curve at low voltages (<1.5 mV) and a current density variation of as much as ~3 × 10
A/cm
at ~1.1 mV was observed. A generated photocurrent was of approximately 10
A and a photoconductivity between 4 × 10
and 7 × 10
S/cm for all the manufactured structures. The structural modifications on organotin (IV) complexes were focused on the electronic nature of the substituents and their ability to contribute to the electronic delocalization via the π system. The presence of the methyl group, a modest electron donor, or the non-substitution on the aromatic ring, has a reduced effect on the electronic properties of the molecule. However, a strong effect in the electronic properties of the material can be inferred from the presence of electron-withdrawing substituents like chlorine, able to reduce the gap energies.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2073-4360</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2073-4360</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/polym13071023</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33806246</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Aqueous solutions ; Aromatic compounds ; Carboxyl group ; Catalysis ; Chemical analysis ; Chemistry ; Chlorine ; Coordination compounds ; Electric contacts ; Electrodes ; Energy gap ; Flexibility ; Glass substrates ; Imines ; Infrared spectroscopy ; Ligands ; Light emitting diodes ; Mass spectrometry ; NMR ; Nuclear magnetic resonance ; Optoelectronic devices ; Photoconductivity ; Photoelectric effect ; Photoelectric emission ; Polymers ; Polystyrene resins ; Silicon wafers ; Solvents ; Substitution reactions ; Thin films</subject><ispartof>Polymers, 2021-03, Vol.13 (7), p.1023</ispartof><rights>2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2021 by the authors. 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c415t-7189fcf3e4b6f0a0d93a132cd4c01d0124ef3a42166f0f7c15f61095d5b29fb03</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c415t-7189fcf3e4b6f0a0d93a132cd4c01d0124ef3a42166f0f7c15f61095d5b29fb03</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-7373-3710 ; 0000-0002-4294-4849 ; 0000-0002-7163-6175 ; 0000-0001-7301-4268</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8038072/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8038072/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33806246$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Sánchez-Vergara, María Elena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hamui, Leon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gómez, Elizabeth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chans, Guillermo M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Galván-Hidalgo, José Miguel</creatorcontrib><title>Design of Promising Heptacoordinated Organotin (IV) Complexes-PEDOT: PSS-Based Composite for New-Generation Optoelectronic Devices Applications</title><title>Polymers</title><addtitle>Polymers (Basel)</addtitle><description>The synthesis of four mononuclear heptacoordinated organotin (IV) complexes of mixed ligands derived from tridentated Schiff bases and pyrazinecarboxylic acid is reported. This organotin (IV) complexes were prepared by using a multicomponent reaction, the reaction proceeds in moderate to good yields (64% to 82%). The complexes were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry,
H,
C, and
Sn nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and elemental analysis. The spectroscopic analysis revealed that the tin atom is seven-coordinate in solution and that the carboxyl group acts as monodentate ligand. To determine the effect of the substituent on the optoelectronic properties of the organotin (IV) complexes, thin films were deposited, and the optical bandgap was obtained. A bandgap between 1.88 and 1.98 eV for the pellets and between 1.23 and 1.40 eV for the thin films was obtained. Later, different types of optoelectronic devices with architecture "contacts up/base down" were manufactured and analyzed to compare their electrical behavior. The design was intended to generate a composite based on the synthetized heptacoordinated organotin (IV) complexes embedded on the poly(3,4-ethylenedyoxithiophene)-poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). A Schottky curve at low voltages (<1.5 mV) and a current density variation of as much as ~3 × 10
A/cm
at ~1.1 mV was observed. A generated photocurrent was of approximately 10
A and a photoconductivity between 4 × 10
and 7 × 10
S/cm for all the manufactured structures. The structural modifications on organotin (IV) complexes were focused on the electronic nature of the substituents and their ability to contribute to the electronic delocalization via the π system. The presence of the methyl group, a modest electron donor, or the non-substitution on the aromatic ring, has a reduced effect on the electronic properties of the molecule. However, a strong effect in the electronic properties of the material can be inferred from the presence of electron-withdrawing substituents like chlorine, able to reduce the gap energies.</description><subject>Aqueous solutions</subject><subject>Aromatic compounds</subject><subject>Carboxyl group</subject><subject>Catalysis</subject><subject>Chemical analysis</subject><subject>Chemistry</subject><subject>Chlorine</subject><subject>Coordination compounds</subject><subject>Electric contacts</subject><subject>Electrodes</subject><subject>Energy gap</subject><subject>Flexibility</subject><subject>Glass substrates</subject><subject>Imines</subject><subject>Infrared spectroscopy</subject><subject>Ligands</subject><subject>Light emitting diodes</subject><subject>Mass spectrometry</subject><subject>NMR</subject><subject>Nuclear magnetic resonance</subject><subject>Optoelectronic devices</subject><subject>Photoconductivity</subject><subject>Photoelectric effect</subject><subject>Photoelectric emission</subject><subject>Polymers</subject><subject>Polystyrene resins</subject><subject>Silicon wafers</subject><subject>Solvents</subject><subject>Substitution reactions</subject><subject>Thin films</subject><issn>2073-4360</issn><issn>2073-4360</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkU1PFEEQhidGIgQ4ejWdeMHDaPXXfHgwwV0EEuJuAnqd9PZUr01muofuXpRf4V-2V5CAdalK3idvquotitcU3nPewofJD3cj5VBTYPxFsceg5qXgFbx8Mu8WhzFeQy4hq4rWr4pdzhuomKj2it9zjHbtiDdkGfxoo3VrcoZTUtr70FunEvZkEdbK-WQdOTr__o7M_DgN-AtjuTyZL64-kuXlZflZxUxuJR9tQmJ8IF_xZ3mKDoNK1juymJLHAXUK3llN5nhrNUZyPE2D1X-ReFDsGDVEPHzo-8W3LydXs7PyYnF6Pju-KLWgMpU1bVqjDUexqgwo6FuuKGe6FxpoD5QJNFwJRqssm1pTaSoKrezlirVmBXy_-HTvO21WI_YaXQpq6KZgRxXuOq9s91xx9ke39rddA_l3NcsGRw8Gwd9sMKYuP0_jMCiHfhM7JqGRVSNFm9G3_6HXfhNcPi9TEphoGWyp8p7SwccY0DwuQ6Hbpt09Szvzb55e8Ej_y5b_AUkZp78</recordid><startdate>20210325</startdate><enddate>20210325</enddate><creator>Sánchez-Vergara, María Elena</creator><creator>Hamui, Leon</creator><creator>Gómez, Elizabeth</creator><creator>Chans, Guillermo M</creator><creator>Galván-Hidalgo, José Miguel</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7373-3710</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4294-4849</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7163-6175</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7301-4268</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210325</creationdate><title>Design of Promising Heptacoordinated Organotin (IV) Complexes-PEDOT: PSS-Based Composite for New-Generation Optoelectronic Devices Applications</title><author>Sánchez-Vergara, María Elena ; Hamui, Leon ; Gómez, Elizabeth ; Chans, Guillermo M ; Galván-Hidalgo, José Miguel</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c415t-7189fcf3e4b6f0a0d93a132cd4c01d0124ef3a42166f0f7c15f61095d5b29fb03</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Aqueous solutions</topic><topic>Aromatic compounds</topic><topic>Carboxyl group</topic><topic>Catalysis</topic><topic>Chemical analysis</topic><topic>Chemistry</topic><topic>Chlorine</topic><topic>Coordination compounds</topic><topic>Electric contacts</topic><topic>Electrodes</topic><topic>Energy gap</topic><topic>Flexibility</topic><topic>Glass substrates</topic><topic>Imines</topic><topic>Infrared spectroscopy</topic><topic>Ligands</topic><topic>Light emitting diodes</topic><topic>Mass spectrometry</topic><topic>NMR</topic><topic>Nuclear magnetic resonance</topic><topic>Optoelectronic devices</topic><topic>Photoconductivity</topic><topic>Photoelectric effect</topic><topic>Photoelectric emission</topic><topic>Polymers</topic><topic>Polystyrene resins</topic><topic>Silicon wafers</topic><topic>Solvents</topic><topic>Substitution reactions</topic><topic>Thin films</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Sánchez-Vergara, María Elena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hamui, Leon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gómez, Elizabeth</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chans, Guillermo M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Galván-Hidalgo, José Miguel</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Access via ProQuest (Open Access)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Polymers</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Sánchez-Vergara, María Elena</au><au>Hamui, Leon</au><au>Gómez, Elizabeth</au><au>Chans, Guillermo M</au><au>Galván-Hidalgo, José Miguel</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Design of Promising Heptacoordinated Organotin (IV) Complexes-PEDOT: PSS-Based Composite for New-Generation Optoelectronic Devices Applications</atitle><jtitle>Polymers</jtitle><addtitle>Polymers (Basel)</addtitle><date>2021-03-25</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>13</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>1023</spage><pages>1023-</pages><issn>2073-4360</issn><eissn>2073-4360</eissn><abstract>The synthesis of four mononuclear heptacoordinated organotin (IV) complexes of mixed ligands derived from tridentated Schiff bases and pyrazinecarboxylic acid is reported. This organotin (IV) complexes were prepared by using a multicomponent reaction, the reaction proceeds in moderate to good yields (64% to 82%). The complexes were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry,
H,
C, and
Sn nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and elemental analysis. The spectroscopic analysis revealed that the tin atom is seven-coordinate in solution and that the carboxyl group acts as monodentate ligand. To determine the effect of the substituent on the optoelectronic properties of the organotin (IV) complexes, thin films were deposited, and the optical bandgap was obtained. A bandgap between 1.88 and 1.98 eV for the pellets and between 1.23 and 1.40 eV for the thin films was obtained. Later, different types of optoelectronic devices with architecture "contacts up/base down" were manufactured and analyzed to compare their electrical behavior. The design was intended to generate a composite based on the synthetized heptacoordinated organotin (IV) complexes embedded on the poly(3,4-ethylenedyoxithiophene)-poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). A Schottky curve at low voltages (<1.5 mV) and a current density variation of as much as ~3 × 10
A/cm
at ~1.1 mV was observed. A generated photocurrent was of approximately 10
A and a photoconductivity between 4 × 10
and 7 × 10
S/cm for all the manufactured structures. The structural modifications on organotin (IV) complexes were focused on the electronic nature of the substituents and their ability to contribute to the electronic delocalization via the π system. The presence of the methyl group, a modest electron donor, or the non-substitution on the aromatic ring, has a reduced effect on the electronic properties of the molecule. However, a strong effect in the electronic properties of the material can be inferred from the presence of electron-withdrawing substituents like chlorine, able to reduce the gap energies.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>33806246</pmid><doi>10.3390/polym13071023</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7373-3710</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4294-4849</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7163-6175</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7301-4268</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Aqueous solutions Aromatic compounds Carboxyl group Catalysis Chemical analysis Chemistry Chlorine Coordination compounds Electric contacts Electrodes Energy gap Flexibility Glass substrates Imines Infrared spectroscopy Ligands Light emitting diodes Mass spectrometry NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance Optoelectronic devices Photoconductivity Photoelectric effect Photoelectric emission Polymers Polystyrene resins Silicon wafers Solvents Substitution reactions Thin films |
| title | Design of Promising Heptacoordinated Organotin (IV) Complexes-PEDOT: PSS-Based Composite for New-Generation Optoelectronic Devices Applications |
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