Occurrence of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato and Other Taeniids in Bhutan
The present research shows the results of a national study documenting the occurrence and genetic diversity of and species across Bhutan. Environmental dog faecal samples (n = 953) were collected from 2016 to 2018 in all 20 Bhutanese districts, mainly in urbanised areas. Cystic echinococcosis cysts...
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| creator | Sharma, Puspa M Thapa, Nirmal K Tshomo, Pema Dema, Tshewang Alvarez Rojas, Cristian A Tenzin, Tenzin Gurung, Ratna B Norbu, Tshering Lhatru, Lhatru Namgyel, Phurpa Jamtsho, Chimi Dukpa, Kinzang Phuentshok, Yoenten Sharma, Krishna P Pelden, Sonam Deplazes, Peter |
| description | The present research shows the results of a national study documenting the occurrence and genetic diversity of
and
species across Bhutan. Environmental dog faecal samples (n = 953) were collected from 2016 to 2018 in all 20 Bhutanese districts, mainly in urbanised areas. Cystic echinococcosis cysts were isolated from 13 humans and one mithun (
). Isolation of taeniid eggs from faeces was performed by sieving/flotation technique, followed by DNA isolation, PCR and sequence analyses for species identification (gene target: small subunit of ribosomal RNA). Genetic diversity of
.
.
. was based on the sequence (1609 bp) of the
gene. A total of 67 out of 953 (7%) dog faecal samples were positive for at least one taeniid species. From the 670 free-roaming dog faecal samples, 40 (5.9%) were positive for taeniid DNA, 22 (3.2%) of them were identified as
.
.
. and four (0.5%) as
.
(G5). From the 283 faecal samples originating from yak-grazing areas, 27 (9.5%) were taeniid positive, including eight (2.8%) infected with
.
.
. and four (1.4%) with
.
.
.
.
. was identified in all isolates from human and the cyst from mithun. A haplotype network (
gene) from
.
.
, including isolates from 12 dogs, two human and one mithun, revealed eight different haplotypes. The most common
haplotype was the globally distributed Eg01, followed by Eg40 and Eg37 (previously described in China). Five new
haplotypes (EgBhu1-5) originated from human, dogs, and a mithun were identified. The study indicated the contamination of urban areas and pastures with
eggs in seven districts in Bhutan. The molecular characterisation of
.
.
. revealed different
.
.
. haplotypes as well as
.
. The transmission of
.
was documented only in the western part of the country. Considering the zoonotic feature of
and
and the economic impact of coenurosis caused by
(also known as gid) in Bhutan, the findings of this study represent a significant contribution towards an epidemiological baseline for the establishment of a national control programme. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/pathogens10030330 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>pubmed</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_8001613</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>33799817</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-p233t-49ad1d3353c8e2693ce9b5093737ba5f4a3d6ce7111b88ef4618c369df7a0b4f3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNpVkN1KAzEQhYMottQ-gDeSF1hNOtvN5kbQUn-g0pt6vcwm2W5kmyzJruDbG_GHOjdzzgzzDRxCLjm7BpDspseh9XvjImcMGAA7IdMFE0XGSi5Oj_SEzGN8Y6lK9uXPyQRASJnklLxslRpDME4Z6hu6Vq11Xvk0jHQf0I2dj0nG9GekHQ6eotN0O7Qm0B0aZ62O1Dp6344Dugty1mAXzfynz8jrw3q3eso228fn1d0m6xcAQ5ZL1FwDLEGVZlFIUEbWSyZBgKhx2eQIulBGcM7rsjRNXvBSQSF1I5DVeQMzcvvN7cf6YLQybgjYVX2wBwwflUdb_d8421Z7_16lBHjBIQGujgF_l7_BwCdJy2nL</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype></control><display><type>article</type><title>Occurrence of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato and Other Taeniids in Bhutan</title><source>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</source><source>PubMed Central Open Access</source><source>MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute</source><source>PubMed Central</source><source>EZB Electronic Journals Library</source><creator>Sharma, Puspa M ; Thapa, Nirmal K ; Tshomo, Pema ; Dema, Tshewang ; Alvarez Rojas, Cristian A ; Tenzin, Tenzin ; Gurung, Ratna B ; Norbu, Tshering ; Lhatru, Lhatru ; Namgyel, Phurpa ; Jamtsho, Chimi ; Dukpa, Kinzang ; Phuentshok, Yoenten ; Sharma, Krishna P ; Pelden, Sonam ; Deplazes, Peter</creator><creatorcontrib>Sharma, Puspa M ; Thapa, Nirmal K ; Tshomo, Pema ; Dema, Tshewang ; Alvarez Rojas, Cristian A ; Tenzin, Tenzin ; Gurung, Ratna B ; Norbu, Tshering ; Lhatru, Lhatru ; Namgyel, Phurpa ; Jamtsho, Chimi ; Dukpa, Kinzang ; Phuentshok, Yoenten ; Sharma, Krishna P ; Pelden, Sonam ; Deplazes, Peter</creatorcontrib><description>The present research shows the results of a national study documenting the occurrence and genetic diversity of
and
species across Bhutan. Environmental dog faecal samples (n = 953) were collected from 2016 to 2018 in all 20 Bhutanese districts, mainly in urbanised areas. Cystic echinococcosis cysts were isolated from 13 humans and one mithun (
). Isolation of taeniid eggs from faeces was performed by sieving/flotation technique, followed by DNA isolation, PCR and sequence analyses for species identification (gene target: small subunit of ribosomal RNA). Genetic diversity of
.
.
. was based on the sequence (1609 bp) of the
gene. A total of 67 out of 953 (7%) dog faecal samples were positive for at least one taeniid species. From the 670 free-roaming dog faecal samples, 40 (5.9%) were positive for taeniid DNA, 22 (3.2%) of them were identified as
.
.
. and four (0.5%) as
.
(G5). From the 283 faecal samples originating from yak-grazing areas, 27 (9.5%) were taeniid positive, including eight (2.8%) infected with
.
.
. and four (1.4%) with
.
.
.
.
. was identified in all isolates from human and the cyst from mithun. A haplotype network (
gene) from
.
.
, including isolates from 12 dogs, two human and one mithun, revealed eight different haplotypes. The most common
haplotype was the globally distributed Eg01, followed by Eg40 and Eg37 (previously described in China). Five new
haplotypes (EgBhu1-5) originated from human, dogs, and a mithun were identified. The study indicated the contamination of urban areas and pastures with
eggs in seven districts in Bhutan. The molecular characterisation of
.
.
. revealed different
.
.
. haplotypes as well as
.
. The transmission of
.
was documented only in the western part of the country. Considering the zoonotic feature of
and
and the economic impact of coenurosis caused by
(also known as gid) in Bhutan, the findings of this study represent a significant contribution towards an epidemiological baseline for the establishment of a national control programme.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2076-0817</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2076-0817</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10030330</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33799817</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI</publisher><ispartof>Pathogens (Basel), 2021-03, Vol.10 (3)</ispartof><rights>2021 by the authors. 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><orcidid>0000-0002-4326-3623 ; 0000-0002-7791-1350 ; 0000-0002-8069-7607</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8001613/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8001613/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,27923,27924,53790,53792</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33799817$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Sharma, Puspa M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thapa, Nirmal K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tshomo, Pema</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dema, Tshewang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alvarez Rojas, Cristian A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tenzin, Tenzin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gurung, Ratna B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Norbu, Tshering</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lhatru, Lhatru</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Namgyel, Phurpa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jamtsho, Chimi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dukpa, Kinzang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Phuentshok, Yoenten</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sharma, Krishna P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pelden, Sonam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Deplazes, Peter</creatorcontrib><title>Occurrence of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato and Other Taeniids in Bhutan</title><title>Pathogens (Basel)</title><addtitle>Pathogens</addtitle><description>The present research shows the results of a national study documenting the occurrence and genetic diversity of
and
species across Bhutan. Environmental dog faecal samples (n = 953) were collected from 2016 to 2018 in all 20 Bhutanese districts, mainly in urbanised areas. Cystic echinococcosis cysts were isolated from 13 humans and one mithun (
). Isolation of taeniid eggs from faeces was performed by sieving/flotation technique, followed by DNA isolation, PCR and sequence analyses for species identification (gene target: small subunit of ribosomal RNA). Genetic diversity of
.
.
. was based on the sequence (1609 bp) of the
gene. A total of 67 out of 953 (7%) dog faecal samples were positive for at least one taeniid species. From the 670 free-roaming dog faecal samples, 40 (5.9%) were positive for taeniid DNA, 22 (3.2%) of them were identified as
.
.
. and four (0.5%) as
.
(G5). From the 283 faecal samples originating from yak-grazing areas, 27 (9.5%) were taeniid positive, including eight (2.8%) infected with
.
.
. and four (1.4%) with
.
.
.
.
. was identified in all isolates from human and the cyst from mithun. A haplotype network (
gene) from
.
.
, including isolates from 12 dogs, two human and one mithun, revealed eight different haplotypes. The most common
haplotype was the globally distributed Eg01, followed by Eg40 and Eg37 (previously described in China). Five new
haplotypes (EgBhu1-5) originated from human, dogs, and a mithun were identified. The study indicated the contamination of urban areas and pastures with
eggs in seven districts in Bhutan. The molecular characterisation of
.
.
. revealed different
.
.
. haplotypes as well as
.
. The transmission of
.
was documented only in the western part of the country. Considering the zoonotic feature of
and
and the economic impact of coenurosis caused by
(also known as gid) in Bhutan, the findings of this study represent a significant contribution towards an epidemiological baseline for the establishment of a national control programme.</description><issn>2076-0817</issn><issn>2076-0817</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNpVkN1KAzEQhYMottQ-gDeSF1hNOtvN5kbQUn-g0pt6vcwm2W5kmyzJruDbG_GHOjdzzgzzDRxCLjm7BpDspseh9XvjImcMGAA7IdMFE0XGSi5Oj_SEzGN8Y6lK9uXPyQRASJnklLxslRpDME4Z6hu6Vq11Xvk0jHQf0I2dj0nG9GekHQ6eotN0O7Qm0B0aZ62O1Dp6344Dugty1mAXzfynz8jrw3q3eso228fn1d0m6xcAQ5ZL1FwDLEGVZlFIUEbWSyZBgKhx2eQIulBGcM7rsjRNXvBSQSF1I5DVeQMzcvvN7cf6YLQybgjYVX2wBwwflUdb_d8421Z7_16lBHjBIQGujgF_l7_BwCdJy2nL</recordid><startdate>20210311</startdate><enddate>20210311</enddate><creator>Sharma, Puspa M</creator><creator>Thapa, Nirmal K</creator><creator>Tshomo, Pema</creator><creator>Dema, Tshewang</creator><creator>Alvarez Rojas, Cristian A</creator><creator>Tenzin, Tenzin</creator><creator>Gurung, Ratna B</creator><creator>Norbu, Tshering</creator><creator>Lhatru, Lhatru</creator><creator>Namgyel, Phurpa</creator><creator>Jamtsho, Chimi</creator><creator>Dukpa, Kinzang</creator><creator>Phuentshok, Yoenten</creator><creator>Sharma, Krishna P</creator><creator>Pelden, Sonam</creator><creator>Deplazes, Peter</creator><general>MDPI</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4326-3623</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7791-1350</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8069-7607</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210311</creationdate><title>Occurrence of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato and Other Taeniids in Bhutan</title><author>Sharma, Puspa M ; Thapa, Nirmal K ; Tshomo, Pema ; Dema, Tshewang ; Alvarez Rojas, Cristian A ; Tenzin, Tenzin ; Gurung, Ratna B ; Norbu, Tshering ; Lhatru, Lhatru ; Namgyel, Phurpa ; Jamtsho, Chimi ; Dukpa, Kinzang ; Phuentshok, Yoenten ; Sharma, Krishna P ; Pelden, Sonam ; Deplazes, Peter</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-p233t-49ad1d3353c8e2693ce9b5093737ba5f4a3d6ce7111b88ef4618c369df7a0b4f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Sharma, Puspa M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thapa, Nirmal K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tshomo, Pema</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dema, Tshewang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alvarez Rojas, Cristian A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tenzin, Tenzin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gurung, Ratna B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Norbu, Tshering</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lhatru, Lhatru</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Namgyel, Phurpa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jamtsho, Chimi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dukpa, Kinzang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Phuentshok, Yoenten</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sharma, Krishna P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pelden, Sonam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Deplazes, Peter</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Pathogens (Basel)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Sharma, Puspa M</au><au>Thapa, Nirmal K</au><au>Tshomo, Pema</au><au>Dema, Tshewang</au><au>Alvarez Rojas, Cristian A</au><au>Tenzin, Tenzin</au><au>Gurung, Ratna B</au><au>Norbu, Tshering</au><au>Lhatru, Lhatru</au><au>Namgyel, Phurpa</au><au>Jamtsho, Chimi</au><au>Dukpa, Kinzang</au><au>Phuentshok, Yoenten</au><au>Sharma, Krishna P</au><au>Pelden, Sonam</au><au>Deplazes, Peter</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Occurrence of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato and Other Taeniids in Bhutan</atitle><jtitle>Pathogens (Basel)</jtitle><addtitle>Pathogens</addtitle><date>2021-03-11</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>10</volume><issue>3</issue><issn>2076-0817</issn><eissn>2076-0817</eissn><abstract>The present research shows the results of a national study documenting the occurrence and genetic diversity of
and
species across Bhutan. Environmental dog faecal samples (n = 953) were collected from 2016 to 2018 in all 20 Bhutanese districts, mainly in urbanised areas. Cystic echinococcosis cysts were isolated from 13 humans and one mithun (
). Isolation of taeniid eggs from faeces was performed by sieving/flotation technique, followed by DNA isolation, PCR and sequence analyses for species identification (gene target: small subunit of ribosomal RNA). Genetic diversity of
.
.
. was based on the sequence (1609 bp) of the
gene. A total of 67 out of 953 (7%) dog faecal samples were positive for at least one taeniid species. From the 670 free-roaming dog faecal samples, 40 (5.9%) were positive for taeniid DNA, 22 (3.2%) of them were identified as
.
.
. and four (0.5%) as
.
(G5). From the 283 faecal samples originating from yak-grazing areas, 27 (9.5%) were taeniid positive, including eight (2.8%) infected with
.
.
. and four (1.4%) with
.
.
.
.
. was identified in all isolates from human and the cyst from mithun. A haplotype network (
gene) from
.
.
, including isolates from 12 dogs, two human and one mithun, revealed eight different haplotypes. The most common
haplotype was the globally distributed Eg01, followed by Eg40 and Eg37 (previously described in China). Five new
haplotypes (EgBhu1-5) originated from human, dogs, and a mithun were identified. The study indicated the contamination of urban areas and pastures with
eggs in seven districts in Bhutan. The molecular characterisation of
.
.
. revealed different
.
.
. haplotypes as well as
.
. The transmission of
.
was documented only in the western part of the country. Considering the zoonotic feature of
and
and the economic impact of coenurosis caused by
(also known as gid) in Bhutan, the findings of this study represent a significant contribution towards an epidemiological baseline for the establishment of a national control programme.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI</pub><pmid>33799817</pmid><doi>10.3390/pathogens10030330</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4326-3623</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7791-1350</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8069-7607</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; PubMed Central Open Access; MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; PubMed Central; EZB Electronic Journals Library |
| title | Occurrence of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato and Other Taeniids in Bhutan |
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