Warpage Optimisation Using Recycled Polycar-bonates (PC) on Front Panel Housing
Many studies have been done using recycled waste materials to minimise environmental problems. It is a great opportunity to explore mechanical recycling and the use of recycled and virgin blend as a material to produce new products with minimum defects. In this study, appropriate processing paramete...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Materials 2021-03, Vol.14 (6), p.1416 |
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| creator | Tamizi, Nur Aisyah Miza Ahmad Rahim, Shayfull Zamree Abd Abdellah, Abdellah El-Hadj Abdullah, Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Nabiałek, Marcin Wysłocki, Jerzy J Jeż, Bartłomiej Palutkiewicz, Paweł Rahman, Rozyanty Abdul Saad, Mohd Nasir Mat Ghazli, Mohd Fathullah |
| description | Many studies have been done using recycled waste materials to minimise environmental problems. It is a great opportunity to explore mechanical recycling and the use of recycled and virgin blend as a material to produce new products with minimum defects. In this study, appropriate processing parameters were considered to mould the front panel housing part using R0% (virgin), R30% (30% virgin: 70% recycled), R40% (40% virgin: 60% recycled) and R50% (50% virgin: 50% recycled) of Polycarbonate (PC). The manufacturing ability and quality during preliminary stage can be predicted through simulation analysis using Autodesk Moldflow Insight 2012 software. The recommended processing parameters and values of warpage in x and y directions can also be obtained using this software. No value of warpage was obtained from simulation studies for x direction on the front panel housing. Therefore, this study only focused on reducing the warpage in the y direction. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) optimisation methods were used to find the optimal processing parameters. As the results, the optimal ratio of recycled PC material was found to be R30%, followed by R40% and R50% materials using RSM and GA methods as compared to the average value of warpage on the moulded part using R0%. The most influential processing parameter that contributed to warpage defect was packing pressure for all materials used in this study. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ma14061416 |
| format | Article |
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It is a great opportunity to explore mechanical recycling and the use of recycled and virgin blend as a material to produce new products with minimum defects. In this study, appropriate processing parameters were considered to mould the front panel housing part using R0% (virgin), R30% (30% virgin: 70% recycled), R40% (40% virgin: 60% recycled) and R50% (50% virgin: 50% recycled) of Polycarbonate (PC). The manufacturing ability and quality during preliminary stage can be predicted through simulation analysis using Autodesk Moldflow Insight 2012 software. The recommended processing parameters and values of warpage in x and y directions can also be obtained using this software. No value of warpage was obtained from simulation studies for x direction on the front panel housing. Therefore, this study only focused on reducing the warpage in the y direction. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) optimisation methods were used to find the optimal processing parameters. As the results, the optimal ratio of recycled PC material was found to be R30%, followed by R40% and R50% materials using RSM and GA methods as compared to the average value of warpage on the moulded part using R0%. The most influential processing parameter that contributed to warpage defect was packing pressure for all materials used in this study.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1996-1944</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1996-1944</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ma14061416</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33804036</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>CAD ; Computer aided design ; Design of experiments ; Environmental impact ; Finite element analysis ; Genetic algorithms ; High density polyethylenes ; Housing ; Mechanical properties ; Optimization ; Polymers ; Process parameters ; Product development ; Recycled materials ; Recycling ; Response surface methodology ; Simulation ; Software ; Taguchi methods ; Temperature ; Warpage</subject><ispartof>Materials, 2021-03, Vol.14 (6), p.1416</ispartof><rights>2021. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2021 by the authors. 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c406t-ccbb6d3be07ba2acec5ffda7aee6a1714e28d9d03916d789adfcb50b7c75bc8c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c406t-ccbb6d3be07ba2acec5ffda7aee6a1714e28d9d03916d789adfcb50b7c75bc8c3</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-6307-3440 ; 0000-0002-6157-5065 ; 0000-0002-0268-4712 ; 0000-0002-7179-6881 ; 0000-0002-3209-8132 ; 0000-0001-6585-3918</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7999641/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7999641/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,725,778,782,883,27911,27912,53778,53780</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33804036$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Tamizi, Nur Aisyah Miza Ahmad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rahim, Shayfull Zamree Abd</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abdellah, Abdellah El-Hadj</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abdullah, Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nabiałek, Marcin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wysłocki, Jerzy J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jeż, Bartłomiej</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Palutkiewicz, Paweł</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rahman, Rozyanty Abdul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Saad, Mohd Nasir Mat</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ghazli, Mohd Fathullah</creatorcontrib><title>Warpage Optimisation Using Recycled Polycar-bonates (PC) on Front Panel Housing</title><title>Materials</title><addtitle>Materials (Basel)</addtitle><description>Many studies have been done using recycled waste materials to minimise environmental problems. It is a great opportunity to explore mechanical recycling and the use of recycled and virgin blend as a material to produce new products with minimum defects. In this study, appropriate processing parameters were considered to mould the front panel housing part using R0% (virgin), R30% (30% virgin: 70% recycled), R40% (40% virgin: 60% recycled) and R50% (50% virgin: 50% recycled) of Polycarbonate (PC). The manufacturing ability and quality during preliminary stage can be predicted through simulation analysis using Autodesk Moldflow Insight 2012 software. The recommended processing parameters and values of warpage in x and y directions can also be obtained using this software. No value of warpage was obtained from simulation studies for x direction on the front panel housing. Therefore, this study only focused on reducing the warpage in the y direction. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) optimisation methods were used to find the optimal processing parameters. As the results, the optimal ratio of recycled PC material was found to be R30%, followed by R40% and R50% materials using RSM and GA methods as compared to the average value of warpage on the moulded part using R0%. 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It is a great opportunity to explore mechanical recycling and the use of recycled and virgin blend as a material to produce new products with minimum defects. In this study, appropriate processing parameters were considered to mould the front panel housing part using R0% (virgin), R30% (30% virgin: 70% recycled), R40% (40% virgin: 60% recycled) and R50% (50% virgin: 50% recycled) of Polycarbonate (PC). The manufacturing ability and quality during preliminary stage can be predicted through simulation analysis using Autodesk Moldflow Insight 2012 software. The recommended processing parameters and values of warpage in x and y directions can also be obtained using this software. No value of warpage was obtained from simulation studies for x direction on the front panel housing. Therefore, this study only focused on reducing the warpage in the y direction. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) optimisation methods were used to find the optimal processing parameters. As the results, the optimal ratio of recycled PC material was found to be R30%, followed by R40% and R50% materials using RSM and GA methods as compared to the average value of warpage on the moulded part using R0%. The most influential processing parameter that contributed to warpage defect was packing pressure for all materials used in this study.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>33804036</pmid><doi>10.3390/ma14061416</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6307-3440</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6157-5065</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0268-4712</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7179-6881</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3209-8132</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6585-3918</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | CAD Computer aided design Design of experiments Environmental impact Finite element analysis Genetic algorithms High density polyethylenes Housing Mechanical properties Optimization Polymers Process parameters Product development Recycled materials Recycling Response surface methodology Simulation Software Taguchi methods Temperature Warpage |
| title | Warpage Optimisation Using Recycled Polycar-bonates (PC) on Front Panel Housing |
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