Hepatocardiac or Cardiohepatic Interaction: From Traditional Chinese Medicine to Western Medicine
There is a close relationship between the liver and heart based on “zang-xiang theory,” “five-element theory,” and “five-zang/five-viscus/five-organ correlation theory” in the theoretical system of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Moreover, with the development of molecular biology, genetics, imm...
Gespeichert in:
Veröffentlicht in: | Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine 2021, Vol.2021, p.6655335-14 |
---|---|
Hauptverfasser: | , |
Format: | Artikel |
Sprache: | eng |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
container_end_page | 14 |
---|---|
container_issue | |
container_start_page | 6655335 |
container_title | Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine |
container_volume | 2021 |
creator | Zhang, Yaxing Fang, Xian-Ming |
description | There is a close relationship between the liver and heart based on “zang-xiang theory,” “five-element theory,” and “five-zang/five-viscus/five-organ correlation theory” in the theoretical system of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Moreover, with the development of molecular biology, genetics, immunology, and others, the Modern Medicine indicates the existence of the essential interorgan communication between the liver and heart (the heart and liver). Anatomically and physiologically, the liver and heart are connected with each other primarily via “blood circulation.” Pathologically, liver diseases can affect the heart; for example, patients with end-stage liver disease (liver failure/cirrhosis) may develop into “cirrhotic cardiomyopathy,” and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) may promote the development of cardiovascular diseases via multiple molecular mechanisms. In contrast, heart diseases can affect the liver, heart failure may lead to cardiogenic hypoxic hepatitis and cardiac cirrhosis, and atrial fibrillation (AF) markedly alters the hepatic gene expression profile and induces AF-related hypercoagulation. The heart can also influence liver metabolism via certain nonsecretory cardiac gene-mediated multiple signals. Moreover, organokines are essential mediators of organ crosstalk, e.g., cardiomyokines link the heart to the liver, while hepatokines link the liver to the heart. Therefore, both TCM and Western Medicine, and both the basic research studies and the clinical practices, all indicate that there exist essential “heart-liver axes” and “liver-heart axes.” To investigate the organ interactions between the liver and heart (the heart and liver) will help us broaden and deepen our understanding of the pathogenesis of both liver and heart diseases, thus improving the strategies of prevention and treatment in the future. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1155/2021/6655335 |
format | Article |
fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_7981187</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2503353252</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c448t-3ddd4360f23ce498c436282922c8b87034766e574f8776b4ab8152f7e6334b1d3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kUtPGzEUhS1EBSmwY40ssUFqU_y2wwKpikqJlKobULuzPLaHOJqMgz3Tqv--niYdURZd3Yc_H917DwDnGH3AmPNrggi-FoJzSvkBmGDJ8JQRpQ7HXH4_Bm9zXiNEZlLKI3BMaYmYqwkw935rumhNcsFYGBOcD2lcDe1g4aLtfDK2C7G9gXcpbuBDMi4MtWngfBVanz384l2wJYVdhN98Ll_asXcK3tSmyf5sH0_A492nh_n9dPn182L-cTm1jKluSp1zjApUE2o9mylbCqLIjBCrKiURZVIIzyWrlZSiYqZSmJNaekEpq7CjJ-B2p7vtq4131rddMo3eprAx6ZeOJuh_X9qw0k_xh5YzhbGSReBqL5Dic1-20JuQrW8a0_rYZ004EhxJQkVBL1-h69incpE_VDGCEk4K9X5H2RRzTr4eh8FID97pwTu9967gFy8XGOG_ZhXg3Q4oV3fmZ_i_3G_cB6Di</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2503353252</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Hepatocardiac or Cardiohepatic Interaction: From Traditional Chinese Medicine to Western Medicine</title><source>Wiley-Blackwell Open Access Titles (Open Access)</source><source>PubMed Central Open Access</source><source>PubMed Central (Training)</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><source>EZB Electronic Journals Library</source><creator>Zhang, Yaxing ; Fang, Xian-Ming</creator><contributor>Tomczyk, Michał ; Michał Tomczyk</contributor><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Yaxing ; Fang, Xian-Ming ; Tomczyk, Michał ; Michał Tomczyk</creatorcontrib><description>There is a close relationship between the liver and heart based on “zang-xiang theory,” “five-element theory,” and “five-zang/five-viscus/five-organ correlation theory” in the theoretical system of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Moreover, with the development of molecular biology, genetics, immunology, and others, the Modern Medicine indicates the existence of the essential interorgan communication between the liver and heart (the heart and liver). Anatomically and physiologically, the liver and heart are connected with each other primarily via “blood circulation.” Pathologically, liver diseases can affect the heart; for example, patients with end-stage liver disease (liver failure/cirrhosis) may develop into “cirrhotic cardiomyopathy,” and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) may promote the development of cardiovascular diseases via multiple molecular mechanisms. In contrast, heart diseases can affect the liver, heart failure may lead to cardiogenic hypoxic hepatitis and cardiac cirrhosis, and atrial fibrillation (AF) markedly alters the hepatic gene expression profile and induces AF-related hypercoagulation. The heart can also influence liver metabolism via certain nonsecretory cardiac gene-mediated multiple signals. Moreover, organokines are essential mediators of organ crosstalk, e.g., cardiomyokines link the heart to the liver, while hepatokines link the liver to the heart. Therefore, both TCM and Western Medicine, and both the basic research studies and the clinical practices, all indicate that there exist essential “heart-liver axes” and “liver-heart axes.” To investigate the organ interactions between the liver and heart (the heart and liver) will help us broaden and deepen our understanding of the pathogenesis of both liver and heart diseases, thus improving the strategies of prevention and treatment in the future.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1741-427X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1741-4288</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1155/2021/6655335</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33777158</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Hindawi</publisher><subject>Blood ; Blood circulation ; Cardiomyopathy ; Cardiovascular disease ; Cardiovascular diseases ; Chinese medicine ; Cirrhosis ; Congestive heart failure ; Coronary artery disease ; Fatty liver ; Fibrillation ; Gallbladder ; Gene expression ; Heart ; Hepatitis ; Human body ; Hypoxia ; Liver cirrhosis ; Liver diseases ; Molecular modelling ; Physiology ; Review ; Traditional Chinese medicine</subject><ispartof>Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine, 2021, Vol.2021, p.6655335-14</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2021 Yaxing Zhang and Xian-Ming Fang.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2021 Yaxing Zhang and Xian-Ming Fang. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</rights><rights>Copyright © 2021 Yaxing Zhang and Xian-Ming Fang. 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c448t-3ddd4360f23ce498c436282922c8b87034766e574f8776b4ab8152f7e6334b1d3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c448t-3ddd4360f23ce498c436282922c8b87034766e574f8776b4ab8152f7e6334b1d3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-9369-5483 ; 0000-0002-1179-8076</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7981187/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7981187/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,4024,27923,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33777158$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Tomczyk, Michał</contributor><contributor>Michał Tomczyk</contributor><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Yaxing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fang, Xian-Ming</creatorcontrib><title>Hepatocardiac or Cardiohepatic Interaction: From Traditional Chinese Medicine to Western Medicine</title><title>Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine</title><addtitle>Evid Based Complement Alternat Med</addtitle><description>There is a close relationship between the liver and heart based on “zang-xiang theory,” “five-element theory,” and “five-zang/five-viscus/five-organ correlation theory” in the theoretical system of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Moreover, with the development of molecular biology, genetics, immunology, and others, the Modern Medicine indicates the existence of the essential interorgan communication between the liver and heart (the heart and liver). Anatomically and physiologically, the liver and heart are connected with each other primarily via “blood circulation.” Pathologically, liver diseases can affect the heart; for example, patients with end-stage liver disease (liver failure/cirrhosis) may develop into “cirrhotic cardiomyopathy,” and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) may promote the development of cardiovascular diseases via multiple molecular mechanisms. In contrast, heart diseases can affect the liver, heart failure may lead to cardiogenic hypoxic hepatitis and cardiac cirrhosis, and atrial fibrillation (AF) markedly alters the hepatic gene expression profile and induces AF-related hypercoagulation. The heart can also influence liver metabolism via certain nonsecretory cardiac gene-mediated multiple signals. Moreover, organokines are essential mediators of organ crosstalk, e.g., cardiomyokines link the heart to the liver, while hepatokines link the liver to the heart. Therefore, both TCM and Western Medicine, and both the basic research studies and the clinical practices, all indicate that there exist essential “heart-liver axes” and “liver-heart axes.” To investigate the organ interactions between the liver and heart (the heart and liver) will help us broaden and deepen our understanding of the pathogenesis of both liver and heart diseases, thus improving the strategies of prevention and treatment in the future.</description><subject>Blood</subject><subject>Blood circulation</subject><subject>Cardiomyopathy</subject><subject>Cardiovascular disease</subject><subject>Cardiovascular diseases</subject><subject>Chinese medicine</subject><subject>Cirrhosis</subject><subject>Congestive heart failure</subject><subject>Coronary artery disease</subject><subject>Fatty liver</subject><subject>Fibrillation</subject><subject>Gallbladder</subject><subject>Gene expression</subject><subject>Heart</subject><subject>Hepatitis</subject><subject>Human body</subject><subject>Hypoxia</subject><subject>Liver cirrhosis</subject><subject>Liver diseases</subject><subject>Molecular modelling</subject><subject>Physiology</subject><subject>Review</subject><subject>Traditional Chinese medicine</subject><issn>1741-427X</issn><issn>1741-4288</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RHX</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kUtPGzEUhS1EBSmwY40ssUFqU_y2wwKpikqJlKobULuzPLaHOJqMgz3Tqv--niYdURZd3Yc_H917DwDnGH3AmPNrggi-FoJzSvkBmGDJ8JQRpQ7HXH4_Bm9zXiNEZlLKI3BMaYmYqwkw935rumhNcsFYGBOcD2lcDe1g4aLtfDK2C7G9gXcpbuBDMi4MtWngfBVanz384l2wJYVdhN98Ll_asXcK3tSmyf5sH0_A492nh_n9dPn182L-cTm1jKluSp1zjApUE2o9mylbCqLIjBCrKiURZVIIzyWrlZSiYqZSmJNaekEpq7CjJ-B2p7vtq4131rddMo3eprAx6ZeOJuh_X9qw0k_xh5YzhbGSReBqL5Dic1-20JuQrW8a0_rYZ004EhxJQkVBL1-h69incpE_VDGCEk4K9X5H2RRzTr4eh8FID97pwTu9967gFy8XGOG_ZhXg3Q4oV3fmZ_i_3G_cB6Di</recordid><startdate>2021</startdate><enddate>2021</enddate><creator>Zhang, Yaxing</creator><creator>Fang, Xian-Ming</creator><general>Hindawi</general><general>Hindawi Limited</general><scope>RHU</scope><scope>RHW</scope><scope>RHX</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TO</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88G</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M2M</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9369-5483</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1179-8076</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>2021</creationdate><title>Hepatocardiac or Cardiohepatic Interaction: From Traditional Chinese Medicine to Western Medicine</title><author>Zhang, Yaxing ; Fang, Xian-Ming</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c448t-3ddd4360f23ce498c436282922c8b87034766e574f8776b4ab8152f7e6334b1d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Blood</topic><topic>Blood circulation</topic><topic>Cardiomyopathy</topic><topic>Cardiovascular disease</topic><topic>Cardiovascular diseases</topic><topic>Chinese medicine</topic><topic>Cirrhosis</topic><topic>Congestive heart failure</topic><topic>Coronary artery disease</topic><topic>Fatty liver</topic><topic>Fibrillation</topic><topic>Gallbladder</topic><topic>Gene expression</topic><topic>Heart</topic><topic>Hepatitis</topic><topic>Human body</topic><topic>Hypoxia</topic><topic>Liver cirrhosis</topic><topic>Liver diseases</topic><topic>Molecular modelling</topic><topic>Physiology</topic><topic>Review</topic><topic>Traditional Chinese medicine</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Yaxing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fang, Xian-Ming</creatorcontrib><collection>Hindawi Publishing Complete</collection><collection>Hindawi Publishing Subscription Journals</collection><collection>Hindawi Publishing Open Access</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Oncogenes and Growth Factors Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Psychology Database (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Psychology Database (ProQuest)</collection><collection>ProQuest_Research Library</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content (ProQuest)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest One Psychology</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zhang, Yaxing</au><au>Fang, Xian-Ming</au><au>Tomczyk, Michał</au><au>Michał Tomczyk</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Hepatocardiac or Cardiohepatic Interaction: From Traditional Chinese Medicine to Western Medicine</atitle><jtitle>Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine</jtitle><addtitle>Evid Based Complement Alternat Med</addtitle><date>2021</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>2021</volume><spage>6655335</spage><epage>14</epage><pages>6655335-14</pages><issn>1741-427X</issn><eissn>1741-4288</eissn><abstract>There is a close relationship between the liver and heart based on “zang-xiang theory,” “five-element theory,” and “five-zang/five-viscus/five-organ correlation theory” in the theoretical system of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Moreover, with the development of molecular biology, genetics, immunology, and others, the Modern Medicine indicates the existence of the essential interorgan communication between the liver and heart (the heart and liver). Anatomically and physiologically, the liver and heart are connected with each other primarily via “blood circulation.” Pathologically, liver diseases can affect the heart; for example, patients with end-stage liver disease (liver failure/cirrhosis) may develop into “cirrhotic cardiomyopathy,” and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) may promote the development of cardiovascular diseases via multiple molecular mechanisms. In contrast, heart diseases can affect the liver, heart failure may lead to cardiogenic hypoxic hepatitis and cardiac cirrhosis, and atrial fibrillation (AF) markedly alters the hepatic gene expression profile and induces AF-related hypercoagulation. The heart can also influence liver metabolism via certain nonsecretory cardiac gene-mediated multiple signals. Moreover, organokines are essential mediators of organ crosstalk, e.g., cardiomyokines link the heart to the liver, while hepatokines link the liver to the heart. Therefore, both TCM and Western Medicine, and both the basic research studies and the clinical practices, all indicate that there exist essential “heart-liver axes” and “liver-heart axes.” To investigate the organ interactions between the liver and heart (the heart and liver) will help us broaden and deepen our understanding of the pathogenesis of both liver and heart diseases, thus improving the strategies of prevention and treatment in the future.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Hindawi</pub><pmid>33777158</pmid><doi>10.1155/2021/6655335</doi><tpages>14</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9369-5483</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1179-8076</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
fulltext | fulltext |
identifier | ISSN: 1741-427X |
ispartof | Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine, 2021, Vol.2021, p.6655335-14 |
issn | 1741-427X 1741-4288 |
language | eng |
recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_7981187 |
source | Wiley-Blackwell Open Access Titles (Open Access); PubMed Central Open Access; PubMed Central (Training); Alma/SFX Local Collection; EZB Electronic Journals Library |
subjects | Blood Blood circulation Cardiomyopathy Cardiovascular disease Cardiovascular diseases Chinese medicine Cirrhosis Congestive heart failure Coronary artery disease Fatty liver Fibrillation Gallbladder Gene expression Heart Hepatitis Human body Hypoxia Liver cirrhosis Liver diseases Molecular modelling Physiology Review Traditional Chinese medicine |
title | Hepatocardiac or Cardiohepatic Interaction: From Traditional Chinese Medicine to Western Medicine |
url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-25T05%3A47%3A50IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_pubme&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Hepatocardiac%20or%20Cardiohepatic%20Interaction:%20From%20Traditional%20Chinese%20Medicine%20to%20Western%20Medicine&rft.jtitle=Evidence-based%20complementary%20and%20alternative%20medicine&rft.au=Zhang,%20Yaxing&rft.date=2021&rft.volume=2021&rft.spage=6655335&rft.epage=14&rft.pages=6655335-14&rft.issn=1741-427X&rft.eissn=1741-4288&rft_id=info:doi/10.1155/2021/6655335&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_pubme%3E2503353252%3C/proquest_pubme%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2503353252&rft_id=info:pmid/33777158&rfr_iscdi=true |