University Students' Self-Rated Health in Relation to Perceived Acoustic Environment during the COVID-19 Home Quarantine

Online education became mandatory for many students during the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and blurred the distinction between settings where processes of stress and restoration used to take place. The lockdown also likely changed perceptions of the indoor acoustic environment (i.e....

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Veröffentlicht in:International journal of environmental research and public health 2021-03, Vol.18 (5), p.2538
Hauptverfasser: Dzhambov, Angel M, Lercher, Peter, Stoyanov, Drozdstoy, Petrova, Nadezhda, Novakov, Stoyan, Dimitrova, Donka D
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container_title International journal of environmental research and public health
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creator Dzhambov, Angel M
Lercher, Peter
Stoyanov, Drozdstoy
Petrova, Nadezhda
Novakov, Stoyan
Dimitrova, Donka D
description Online education became mandatory for many students during the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and blurred the distinction between settings where processes of stress and restoration used to take place. The lockdown also likely changed perceptions of the indoor acoustic environment (i.e., soundscape) and raised its importance. In the present study, we seek to understand how indoor soundscape related to university students' self-rated health in Bulgaria around the time that the country was under a state of emergency declaration caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Between 17 May and 10 June 2020, we conducted a cross-sectional online survey among 323 students (median age 21 years; 31% male) from two universities in the city of Plovdiv, Bulgaria. Self-rated health (SRH) was measured with a single-item. Participants were asked how frequently they heard different types of sounds while at home and how pleasant they considered each of those sounds to be. Restorative quality of the home (the "being away" dimension of the Perceived Restorativeness Scale) was measured with a single-item. A priori confounders and effect modifiers included sociodemographics, house-related characteristics, general sensitivity to environmental influences, and mental health. Our analysis strategy involved sequential exploratory factor analysis (EFA), multivariate linear and ordinal regressions, effect modification tests, and structural equation modeling (SEM). EFA supported grouping perceived sounds into three distinct factors-mechanical, human, and nature sounds. Regression analyses revealed that greater exposure to mechanical sounds was consistently associated with worse SRH, whereas no significant associations were found for human and nature sounds. In SEM, exposure to mechanical sounds related to lower restorative quality of the home, and then to poorer SRH, whereas nature sounds correlated with higher restorative quality, and in turn with better SRH. These findings suggest a role of positive indoor soundscape and restorative quality for promoting self-rated health in times of social distancing.
doi_str_mv 10.3390/ijerph18052538
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subjects Acoustics
Adult
Air pollution
Bulgaria
Cities
Communicable Disease Control
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Cross-Sectional Studies
Disease control
Exposure
Factor analysis
Female
Humans
Indoor environments
Male
Mechanical properties
Mental health
Multivariate statistical analysis
Noise
Pandemics
Perceptions
Physiology
Quality of life
Quarantine
SARS-CoV-2
Severe acute respiratory syndrome
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Sound
Stress
Students
Tolls
Universities
University students
Young Adult
title University Students' Self-Rated Health in Relation to Perceived Acoustic Environment during the COVID-19 Home Quarantine
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