Accumulation of Macromolecules in Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
The clearance system in the brain is not completely understood. The aim of this study was to prove the presence of the “glymphatic system” in the human brain using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS).Spectral data of the brain white matter were obtained from healthy volunteers and patients with hy...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Neurologia medico-chirurgica 2021, Vol.61(3), pp.211-218 |
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| creator | AKIYAMA, Yukinori YOKOYAMA, Rintaro TAKASHIMA, Hiroyuki KAWATA, Yuka ARIHARA, Masayasu CHIBA, Ryohei KIMURA, Yusuke MIKAMI, Takeshi MIKUNI, Nobuhiro |
| description | The clearance system in the brain is not completely understood. The aim of this study was to prove the presence of the “glymphatic system” in the human brain using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS).Spectral data of the brain white matter were obtained from healthy volunteers and patients with hydrocephalic dementia and used to measure intracerebral metabolites, including macromolecules (MMs) and lipids. Data were transferred from the MRS scanners to a workstation, and metabolites were quantified with the spectrogram-based eddy current method and water scaling.MM levels were significantly higher in patients with a slow gait and executive dysfunction due to normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) than in asymptomatic volunteers (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.2176/nmc.oa.2020-0274 |
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The aim of this study was to prove the presence of the “glymphatic system” in the human brain using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS).Spectral data of the brain white matter were obtained from healthy volunteers and patients with hydrocephalic dementia and used to measure intracerebral metabolites, including macromolecules (MMs) and lipids. Data were transferred from the MRS scanners to a workstation, and metabolites were quantified with the spectrogram-based eddy current method and water scaling.MM levels were significantly higher in patients with a slow gait and executive dysfunction due to normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) than in asymptomatic volunteers (p <0.01). In contrast, the N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) level was significantly lower in patients with executive dysfunction than in asymptomatic volunteers (p <0.01). There were no statistically significant differences in metabolites, including alanine, aspartate, creatine, γ-amino butyric acid, D-glucose, glutamine, glutamate, glycerophosphorylcholine, phosphorylcholine, lactate, myoinositol, N-acetyl-aspartyl-glutamate, scyllo-inositol, taurine, creatine methylene, and guanine, in the centrum semiovale between patients with NPH and asymptomatic volunteers.We quantitatively evaluated cerebral metabolites, particularly in the centrum semiovale, with MRS. In the brain of patients with a slow gait and executive dysfunction due to NPH, MRS revealed significantly higher MM levels and lower NAA levels compared to healthy volunteers. Therefore, it may be concluded that the patients have a dysfunctional glymphatic system in the brain.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0470-8105</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1349-8029</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2176/nmc.oa.2020-0274</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33504733</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Japan: The Japan Neurosurgical Society</publisher><subject>Alanine ; Asymptomatic ; Butyric acid ; Creatine ; Dementia disorders ; Gait ; Glucose ; Glutamine ; glymphatic system ; Guanine ; Hydrocephalus ; Inositol ; Lactic acid ; Lipid metabolism ; Macromolecules ; Magnetic resonance spectroscopy ; Metabolites ; N-Acetylaspartate ; Original ; Phosphorylcholine ; Statistical analysis ; Substantia alba ; Taurine</subject><ispartof>Neurologia medico-chirurgica, 2021, Vol.61(3), pp.211-218</ispartof><rights>2021 The Japan Neurosurgical Society</rights><rights>2021. This work is published under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2021 The Japan Neurosurgical Society 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c742t-a03cee6ba4979d8ccb914cad812b135edf05068c3e8fc5d660648d53fd8739b63</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c742t-a03cee6ba4979d8ccb914cad812b135edf05068c3e8fc5d660648d53fd8739b63</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7966205/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7966205/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,1877,4010,27900,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33504733$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>AKIYAMA, Yukinori</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>YOKOYAMA, Rintaro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>TAKASHIMA, Hiroyuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KAWATA, Yuka</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>ARIHARA, Masayasu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>CHIBA, Ryohei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KIMURA, Yusuke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MIKAMI, Takeshi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MIKUNI, Nobuhiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Department of Neurosurgery</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Department of Neurology</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sapporo Medical University</creatorcontrib><title>Accumulation of Macromolecules in Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus</title><title>Neurologia medico-chirurgica</title><addtitle>Neurol. Med. Chir.(Tokyo)</addtitle><description>The clearance system in the brain is not completely understood. The aim of this study was to prove the presence of the “glymphatic system” in the human brain using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS).Spectral data of the brain white matter were obtained from healthy volunteers and patients with hydrocephalic dementia and used to measure intracerebral metabolites, including macromolecules (MMs) and lipids. Data were transferred from the MRS scanners to a workstation, and metabolites were quantified with the spectrogram-based eddy current method and water scaling.MM levels were significantly higher in patients with a slow gait and executive dysfunction due to normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) than in asymptomatic volunteers (p <0.01). In contrast, the N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) level was significantly lower in patients with executive dysfunction than in asymptomatic volunteers (p <0.01). There were no statistically significant differences in metabolites, including alanine, aspartate, creatine, γ-amino butyric acid, D-glucose, glutamine, glutamate, glycerophosphorylcholine, phosphorylcholine, lactate, myoinositol, N-acetyl-aspartyl-glutamate, scyllo-inositol, taurine, creatine methylene, and guanine, in the centrum semiovale between patients with NPH and asymptomatic volunteers.We quantitatively evaluated cerebral metabolites, particularly in the centrum semiovale, with MRS. In the brain of patients with a slow gait and executive dysfunction due to NPH, MRS revealed significantly higher MM levels and lower NAA levels compared to healthy volunteers. Therefore, it may be concluded that the patients have a dysfunctional glymphatic system in the brain.</description><subject>Alanine</subject><subject>Asymptomatic</subject><subject>Butyric acid</subject><subject>Creatine</subject><subject>Dementia disorders</subject><subject>Gait</subject><subject>Glucose</subject><subject>Glutamine</subject><subject>glymphatic system</subject><subject>Guanine</subject><subject>Hydrocephalus</subject><subject>Inositol</subject><subject>Lactic acid</subject><subject>Lipid metabolism</subject><subject>Macromolecules</subject><subject>Magnetic resonance spectroscopy</subject><subject>Metabolites</subject><subject>N-Acetylaspartate</subject><subject>Original</subject><subject>Phosphorylcholine</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><subject>Substantia alba</subject><subject>Taurine</subject><issn>0470-8105</issn><issn>1349-8029</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNpVUU1v1DAUtBCIrkrvnFAkzlmeP2I7F6Sqoh-ofBzgbDm203Xl2IudVOq_x2HLUi7vHd68mdEMQm8xbAkW_EOczDbpLQECLRDBXqANpqxvJZD-JdoAE9BKDN0JOivFDwCESUaleI1OKO3qmdIN-nxuzDItQc8-xSaNzRdtcppScGYJrjQ-NjfWp72ed940X1OedGi-Z1fKkl1z_WhzMm6_02Epb9CrUYfizp72Kfp5-enHxXV7--3q5uL8tjWCkbnVQI1zfNCsF72Vxgw9ZkZbicmAaefsCB1waaiTo-ks58CZtB0drRS0Hzg9RR8PvPtlmJw1Ls5ZB7XPftL5USXt1f-X6HfqLj0o0XNOoKsE758Icvq1uDKr-7TkWD0r0oHoe0FhlYEDquZRSnbjUQGDWgtQtYCqptYC1FpAfXn33Nnx4W_cFXB1ANSrNzqkGHx0_-SNxdHVYFdOrAA4BloXq_QYr0NS0UkpSWW6PDDdl1nfuaOUzrM3wf3xxrGi63ju8QgwO52Vi_Q39rCzMw</recordid><startdate>2021</startdate><enddate>2021</enddate><creator>AKIYAMA, Yukinori</creator><creator>YOKOYAMA, Rintaro</creator><creator>TAKASHIMA, Hiroyuki</creator><creator>KAWATA, Yuka</creator><creator>ARIHARA, Masayasu</creator><creator>CHIBA, Ryohei</creator><creator>KIMURA, Yusuke</creator><creator>MIKAMI, Takeshi</creator><creator>MIKUNI, Nobuhiro</creator><general>The Japan Neurosurgical Society</general><general>THE JAPAN NEUROSURGICAL SOCIETY</general><general>Japan Science and Technology Agency</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>2021</creationdate><title>Accumulation of Macromolecules in Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus</title><author>AKIYAMA, Yukinori ; YOKOYAMA, Rintaro ; TAKASHIMA, Hiroyuki ; KAWATA, Yuka ; ARIHARA, Masayasu ; CHIBA, Ryohei ; KIMURA, Yusuke ; MIKAMI, Takeshi ; MIKUNI, Nobuhiro</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c742t-a03cee6ba4979d8ccb914cad812b135edf05068c3e8fc5d660648d53fd8739b63</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Alanine</topic><topic>Asymptomatic</topic><topic>Butyric acid</topic><topic>Creatine</topic><topic>Dementia disorders</topic><topic>Gait</topic><topic>Glucose</topic><topic>Glutamine</topic><topic>glymphatic system</topic><topic>Guanine</topic><topic>Hydrocephalus</topic><topic>Inositol</topic><topic>Lactic acid</topic><topic>Lipid metabolism</topic><topic>Macromolecules</topic><topic>Magnetic resonance spectroscopy</topic><topic>Metabolites</topic><topic>N-Acetylaspartate</topic><topic>Original</topic><topic>Phosphorylcholine</topic><topic>Statistical analysis</topic><topic>Substantia alba</topic><topic>Taurine</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>AKIYAMA, Yukinori</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>YOKOYAMA, Rintaro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>TAKASHIMA, Hiroyuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KAWATA, Yuka</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>ARIHARA, Masayasu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>CHIBA, Ryohei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>KIMURA, Yusuke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MIKAMI, Takeshi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MIKUNI, Nobuhiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Department of Neurosurgery</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Department of Neurology</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sapporo Medical University</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Neurologia medico-chirurgica</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>AKIYAMA, Yukinori</au><au>YOKOYAMA, Rintaro</au><au>TAKASHIMA, Hiroyuki</au><au>KAWATA, Yuka</au><au>ARIHARA, Masayasu</au><au>CHIBA, Ryohei</au><au>KIMURA, Yusuke</au><au>MIKAMI, Takeshi</au><au>MIKUNI, Nobuhiro</au><aucorp>Department of Neurosurgery</aucorp><aucorp>Department of Neurology</aucorp><aucorp>Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine</aucorp><aucorp>Sapporo Medical University</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Accumulation of Macromolecules in Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus</atitle><jtitle>Neurologia medico-chirurgica</jtitle><addtitle>Neurol. Med. Chir.(Tokyo)</addtitle><date>2021</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>61</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>211</spage><epage>218</epage><pages>211-218</pages><issn>0470-8105</issn><eissn>1349-8029</eissn><abstract>The clearance system in the brain is not completely understood. The aim of this study was to prove the presence of the “glymphatic system” in the human brain using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS).Spectral data of the brain white matter were obtained from healthy volunteers and patients with hydrocephalic dementia and used to measure intracerebral metabolites, including macromolecules (MMs) and lipids. Data were transferred from the MRS scanners to a workstation, and metabolites were quantified with the spectrogram-based eddy current method and water scaling.MM levels were significantly higher in patients with a slow gait and executive dysfunction due to normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) than in asymptomatic volunteers (p <0.01). In contrast, the N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) level was significantly lower in patients with executive dysfunction than in asymptomatic volunteers (p <0.01). There were no statistically significant differences in metabolites, including alanine, aspartate, creatine, γ-amino butyric acid, D-glucose, glutamine, glutamate, glycerophosphorylcholine, phosphorylcholine, lactate, myoinositol, N-acetyl-aspartyl-glutamate, scyllo-inositol, taurine, creatine methylene, and guanine, in the centrum semiovale between patients with NPH and asymptomatic volunteers.We quantitatively evaluated cerebral metabolites, particularly in the centrum semiovale, with MRS. In the brain of patients with a slow gait and executive dysfunction due to NPH, MRS revealed significantly higher MM levels and lower NAA levels compared to healthy volunteers. Therefore, it may be concluded that the patients have a dysfunctional glymphatic system in the brain.</abstract><cop>Japan</cop><pub>The Japan Neurosurgical Society</pub><pmid>33504733</pmid><doi>10.2176/nmc.oa.2020-0274</doi><tpages>8</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; J-STAGE (Japan Science & Technology Information Aggregator, Electronic) Freely Available Titles - Japanese; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; PubMed Central Open Access |
| subjects | Alanine Asymptomatic Butyric acid Creatine Dementia disorders Gait Glucose Glutamine glymphatic system Guanine Hydrocephalus Inositol Lactic acid Lipid metabolism Macromolecules Magnetic resonance spectroscopy Metabolites N-Acetylaspartate Original Phosphorylcholine Statistical analysis Substantia alba Taurine |
| title | Accumulation of Macromolecules in Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus |
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