Augmented BMP signaling commits cranial neural crest cells to a chondrogenic fate by suppressing autophagic β-catenin degradation

Cranial neural crest cells (CNCCs) are a population of multipotent stem cells that give rise to craniofacial bone and cartilage during development. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling and autophagy have been individually implicated in stem cell homeostasis. Mutations that cause constitutive a...

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Veröffentlicht in:Science signaling 2021-01, Vol.14 (665)
Hauptverfasser: Yang, Jingwen, Kitami, Megumi, Pan, Haichun, Nakamura, Masako Toda, Zhang, Honghao, Liu, Fei, Zhu, Lingxin, Komatsu, Yoshihiro, Mishina, Yuji
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container_issue 665
container_start_page
container_title Science signaling
container_volume 14
creator Yang, Jingwen
Kitami, Megumi
Pan, Haichun
Nakamura, Masako Toda
Zhang, Honghao
Liu, Fei
Zhu, Lingxin
Komatsu, Yoshihiro
Mishina, Yuji
description Cranial neural crest cells (CNCCs) are a population of multipotent stem cells that give rise to craniofacial bone and cartilage during development. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling and autophagy have been individually implicated in stem cell homeostasis. Mutations that cause constitutive activation of the BMP type I receptor ACVR1 cause the congenital disorder fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP), which is characterized by ectopic cartilage and bone in connective tissues in the trunk and sometimes includes ectopic craniofacial bones. Here, we showed that enhanced BMP signaling through the constitutively activated ACVR1 (ca-ACVR1) in CNCCs in mice induced ectopic cartilage formation in the craniofacial region through an autophagy-dependent mechanism. Enhanced BMP signaling suppressed autophagy by activating mTORC1, thus blocking the autophagic degradation of β-catenin, which, in turn, caused CNCCs to adopt a chondrogenic identity. Transient blockade of mTORC1, reactivation of autophagy, or suppression of Wnt-β-catenin signaling reduced ectopic cartilages in ca mutants. Our results suggest that BMP signaling and autophagy coordinately regulate β-catenin activity to direct the fate of CNCCs during craniofacial development. These findings may also explain why some patients with FOP develop ectopic bones through endochondral ossification in craniofacial regions.
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Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling and autophagy have been individually implicated in stem cell homeostasis. Mutations that cause constitutive activation of the BMP type I receptor ACVR1 cause the congenital disorder fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP), which is characterized by ectopic cartilage and bone in connective tissues in the trunk and sometimes includes ectopic craniofacial bones. Here, we showed that enhanced BMP signaling through the constitutively activated ACVR1 (ca-ACVR1) in CNCCs in mice induced ectopic cartilage formation in the craniofacial region through an autophagy-dependent mechanism. Enhanced BMP signaling suppressed autophagy by activating mTORC1, thus blocking the autophagic degradation of β-catenin, which, in turn, caused CNCCs to adopt a chondrogenic identity. Transient blockade of mTORC1, reactivation of autophagy, or suppression of Wnt-β-catenin signaling reduced ectopic cartilages in ca mutants. Our results suggest that BMP signaling and autophagy coordinately regulate β-catenin activity to direct the fate of CNCCs during craniofacial development. These findings may also explain why some patients with FOP develop ectopic bones through endochondral ossification in craniofacial regions.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1945-0877</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1937-9145</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aaz9368</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33436499</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: The American Association for the Advancement of Science</publisher><subject>Abnormalities ; Autophagy ; Bone morphogenetic proteins ; Bones ; Cartilage ; Cell fate ; Cell signaling ; Chondrogenesis ; Congenital anomalies ; Connective tissue ; Connective tissue diseases ; Connective tissues ; Craniofacial growth ; Degradation ; Endochondral bone ; Homeostasis ; Mutation ; Myositis ossificans ; Neural crest ; Ossification (ectopic) ; Phagocytosis ; Proteins ; Receptors ; Signaling ; Skull ; Stem cell transplantation ; Stem cells ; Wnt protein ; β-Catenin</subject><ispartof>Science signaling, 2021-01, Vol.14 (665)</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2021 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. 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subjects Abnormalities
Autophagy
Bone morphogenetic proteins
Bones
Cartilage
Cell fate
Cell signaling
Chondrogenesis
Congenital anomalies
Connective tissue
Connective tissue diseases
Connective tissues
Craniofacial growth
Degradation
Endochondral bone
Homeostasis
Mutation
Myositis ossificans
Neural crest
Ossification (ectopic)
Phagocytosis
Proteins
Receptors
Signaling
Skull
Stem cell transplantation
Stem cells
Wnt protein
β-Catenin
title Augmented BMP signaling commits cranial neural crest cells to a chondrogenic fate by suppressing autophagic β-catenin degradation
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