Effects of Blood Components and Whole Blood in a Model of Severe Trauma-Induced Coagulopathy

Plasma resuscitation ameliorates hyperfibrinolysis (HF) and trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC). However, the use of other blood components to reduce HF has not been evaluated. Therefore, our aim was to determine the effect of individual blood components and whole blood (WB) on an in vitro model of se...

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Veröffentlicht in:The Journal of surgical research 2021-03, Vol.259, p.55-61
Hauptverfasser: Stettler, Gregory R., Moore, Ernest E., Nunns, Geoffrey R., Kelher, Marguerite, Banerjee, Anirban, Silliman, Christopher C.
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container_issue
container_start_page 55
container_title The Journal of surgical research
container_volume 259
creator Stettler, Gregory R.
Moore, Ernest E.
Nunns, Geoffrey R.
Kelher, Marguerite
Banerjee, Anirban
Silliman, Christopher C.
description Plasma resuscitation ameliorates hyperfibrinolysis (HF) and trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC). However, the use of other blood components to reduce HF has not been evaluated. Therefore, our aim was to determine the effect of individual blood components and whole blood (WB) on an in vitro model of severe HF/TIC. A “TIC” solution was made with 1:1 dilution of WB with saline and exacerbated with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). Components were added in proportions equivalent to the thromboelastography (TEG) based goal-directed resuscitation used at our institution. Whole blood was added at proportions equal to what has been transfused in injured patients. Samples (n = 9) underwent citrated native and tPA-challenge (75 ng/mL) TEG with analysis of R-time, angle, MA, and LY30. Statistical analyses were completed employing the nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn’s multiple comparisons tests. TIC solution, when compared to control, had a decrease in clot strength (MA 41 mm versus 51.5 mm, P 
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.jss.2020.10.022
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However, the use of other blood components to reduce HF has not been evaluated. Therefore, our aim was to determine the effect of individual blood components and whole blood (WB) on an in vitro model of severe HF/TIC. A “TIC” solution was made with 1:1 dilution of WB with saline and exacerbated with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). Components were added in proportions equivalent to the thromboelastography (TEG) based goal-directed resuscitation used at our institution. Whole blood was added at proportions equal to what has been transfused in injured patients. Samples (n = 9) underwent citrated native and tPA-challenge (75 ng/mL) TEG with analysis of R-time, angle, MA, and LY30. Statistical analyses were completed employing the nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn’s multiple comparisons tests. TIC solution, when compared to control, had a decrease in clot strength (MA 41 mm versus 51.5 mm, P &lt; 0.01). The addition of tPA resulted in a severe coagulopathy (MA 24.5 mm versus 41 mm and LY30 52.8% versus 2.4%, P &lt; 0.03 for all). The addition of 4U of WB improved clot strength compared to TIC + tPA (P = 0.03). No individual blood component resulted in improved fibrinolysis (P &gt; 0.7). Cryoprecipitate improved R-time (7.5 versus 11.9 min, P &lt; 0.01), angle (56.8 versus 30.2°) and MA (49 mm versus 36.25 mm), while platelets improved MA (44 mm versus 36.25 mm) compared to TIC + tPA (P &lt; 0.03 for all). No single blood component or volume of whole blood led to attenuation of tPA-mediated fibrinolysis in an in vitro model of TIC. 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However, the use of other blood components to reduce HF has not been evaluated. Therefore, our aim was to determine the effect of individual blood components and whole blood (WB) on an in vitro model of severe HF/TIC. A “TIC” solution was made with 1:1 dilution of WB with saline and exacerbated with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). Components were added in proportions equivalent to the thromboelastography (TEG) based goal-directed resuscitation used at our institution. Whole blood was added at proportions equal to what has been transfused in injured patients. Samples (n = 9) underwent citrated native and tPA-challenge (75 ng/mL) TEG with analysis of R-time, angle, MA, and LY30. Statistical analyses were completed employing the nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn’s multiple comparisons tests. TIC solution, when compared to control, had a decrease in clot strength (MA 41 mm versus 51.5 mm, P &lt; 0.01). The addition of tPA resulted in a severe coagulopathy (MA 24.5 mm versus 41 mm and LY30 52.8% versus 2.4%, P &lt; 0.03 for all). The addition of 4U of WB improved clot strength compared to TIC + tPA (P = 0.03). No individual blood component resulted in improved fibrinolysis (P &gt; 0.7). Cryoprecipitate improved R-time (7.5 versus 11.9 min, P &lt; 0.01), angle (56.8 versus 30.2°) and MA (49 mm versus 36.25 mm), while platelets improved MA (44 mm versus 36.25 mm) compared to TIC + tPA (P &lt; 0.03 for all). No single blood component or volume of whole blood led to attenuation of tPA-mediated fibrinolysis in an in vitro model of TIC. 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However, the use of other blood components to reduce HF has not been evaluated. Therefore, our aim was to determine the effect of individual blood components and whole blood (WB) on an in vitro model of severe HF/TIC. A “TIC” solution was made with 1:1 dilution of WB with saline and exacerbated with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). Components were added in proportions equivalent to the thromboelastography (TEG) based goal-directed resuscitation used at our institution. Whole blood was added at proportions equal to what has been transfused in injured patients. Samples (n = 9) underwent citrated native and tPA-challenge (75 ng/mL) TEG with analysis of R-time, angle, MA, and LY30. Statistical analyses were completed employing the nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn’s multiple comparisons tests. TIC solution, when compared to control, had a decrease in clot strength (MA 41 mm versus 51.5 mm, P &lt; 0.01). The addition of tPA resulted in a severe coagulopathy (MA 24.5 mm versus 41 mm and LY30 52.8% versus 2.4%, P &lt; 0.03 for all). The addition of 4U of WB improved clot strength compared to TIC + tPA (P = 0.03). No individual blood component resulted in improved fibrinolysis (P &gt; 0.7). Cryoprecipitate improved R-time (7.5 versus 11.9 min, P &lt; 0.01), angle (56.8 versus 30.2°) and MA (49 mm versus 36.25 mm), while platelets improved MA (44 mm versus 36.25 mm) compared to TIC + tPA (P &lt; 0.03 for all). No single blood component or volume of whole blood led to attenuation of tPA-mediated fibrinolysis in an in vitro model of TIC. Cryoprecipitate was the most effective at improving coagulation function.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>33278796</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.jss.2020.10.022</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Blood Coagulation Disorders - blood
Blood Coagulation Disorders - diagnosis
Blood Coagulation Disorders - etiology
Blood Coagulation Disorders - therapy
Blood component therapy
Blood Component Transfusion - methods
Healthy Volunteers
Humans
Hyperfibrinolysis
In Vitro Techniques
Resuscitation - methods
Thrombelastography
Tissue Plasminogen Activator - blood
Tissue Plasminogen Activator - metabolism
Trauma Severity Indices
Trauma-induced coagulopathy
Whole blood
Wounds and Injuries - blood
Wounds and Injuries - complications
Wounds and Injuries - diagnosis
title Effects of Blood Components and Whole Blood in a Model of Severe Trauma-Induced Coagulopathy
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