From Liver Cirrhosis to Cancer: The Role of Micro-RNAs in Hepatocarcinogenesis
In almost all cases, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) develops as the endpoint of a sequence that starts with chronic liver injury, progresses to liver cirrhosis, and finally, over years and decades, results in liver cancer. Recently, the role of non-coding RNA such as microRNA (miRNA) has been demons...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of molecular sciences 2021-02, Vol.22 (3), p.1492 |
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| creator | Mohr, Raphael Özdirik, Burcin Lambrecht, Joeri Demir, Münevver Eschrich, Johannes Geisler, Lukas Hellberg, Teresa Loosen, Sven H Luedde, Tom Tacke, Frank Hammerich, Linda Roderburg, Christoph |
| description | In almost all cases, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) develops as the endpoint of a sequence that starts with chronic liver injury, progresses to liver cirrhosis, and finally, over years and decades, results in liver cancer. Recently, the role of non-coding RNA such as microRNA (miRNA) has been demonstrated in the context of chronic liver diseases and HCC. Moreover, data from a phase II trial suggested a potential role of microRNAs as therapeutics in hepatitis-C-virus infection, representing a significant risk factor for development of liver cirrhosis and HCC. Despite progress in the clinical management of chronic liver diseases, pharmacological treatment options for patients with liver cirrhosis and/or advanced HCC are still limited. With their potential to regulate whole networks of genes, miRNA might be used as novel therapeutics in these patients but could also serve as biomarkers for improved patient stratification. In this review, we discuss available data on the role of miRNA in the transition from liver cirrhosis to HCC. We highlight opportunities for clinical translation and discuss open issues applicable to future developments. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ijms22031492 |
| format | Article |
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Recently, the role of non-coding RNA such as microRNA (miRNA) has been demonstrated in the context of chronic liver diseases and HCC. Moreover, data from a phase II trial suggested a potential role of microRNAs as therapeutics in hepatitis-C-virus infection, representing a significant risk factor for development of liver cirrhosis and HCC. Despite progress in the clinical management of chronic liver diseases, pharmacological treatment options for patients with liver cirrhosis and/or advanced HCC are still limited. With their potential to regulate whole networks of genes, miRNA might be used as novel therapeutics in these patients but could also serve as biomarkers for improved patient stratification. In this review, we discuss available data on the role of miRNA in the transition from liver cirrhosis to HCC. We highlight opportunities for clinical translation and discuss open issues applicable to future developments.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1422-0067</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1661-6596</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1422-0067</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031492</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33540837</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents - therapeutic use ; Apoptosis ; Carcinogenesis - genetics ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - etiology ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - genetics ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - therapy ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Cirrhosis ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Drug therapy ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Hepatitis ; Hepatitis, Chronic - complications ; Hepatitis, Chronic - genetics ; Hepatocellular carcinoma ; Humans ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors - therapeutic use ; Immunotherapy ; Kinases ; Liver ; Liver cancer ; Liver cirrhosis ; Liver Cirrhosis - complications ; Liver Cirrhosis - genetics ; Liver diseases ; Liver Neoplasms - etiology ; Liver Neoplasms - genetics ; Liver Neoplasms - therapy ; Mice ; MicroRNAs ; MicroRNAs - genetics ; MicroRNAs - therapeutic use ; miRNA ; Neoplasm Proteins - antagonists & inhibitors ; Non-coding RNA ; Oligonucleotides - therapeutic use ; Patients ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors - therapeutic use ; Review ; Risk analysis ; Risk factors ; RNA, Neoplasm - genetics ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays</subject><ispartof>International journal of molecular sciences, 2021-02, Vol.22 (3), p.1492</ispartof><rights>2021. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2021 by the authors. 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c412t-402ed1182ae228dc6a4a152c06674dec982c34f40818469e249cc3ecd6ca8a2e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c412t-402ed1182ae228dc6a4a152c06674dec982c34f40818469e249cc3ecd6ca8a2e3</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-6206-0226 ; 0000-0002-8885-737X ; 0000-0002-2799-2287 ; 0000-0003-0557-3927</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7867354/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7867354/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33540837$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Mohr, Raphael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Özdirik, Burcin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lambrecht, Joeri</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Demir, Münevver</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eschrich, Johannes</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Geisler, Lukas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hellberg, Teresa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Loosen, Sven H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Luedde, Tom</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tacke, Frank</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hammerich, Linda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Roderburg, Christoph</creatorcontrib><title>From Liver Cirrhosis to Cancer: The Role of Micro-RNAs in Hepatocarcinogenesis</title><title>International journal of molecular sciences</title><addtitle>Int J Mol Sci</addtitle><description>In almost all cases, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) develops as the endpoint of a sequence that starts with chronic liver injury, progresses to liver cirrhosis, and finally, over years and decades, results in liver cancer. Recently, the role of non-coding RNA such as microRNA (miRNA) has been demonstrated in the context of chronic liver diseases and HCC. Moreover, data from a phase II trial suggested a potential role of microRNAs as therapeutics in hepatitis-C-virus infection, representing a significant risk factor for development of liver cirrhosis and HCC. Despite progress in the clinical management of chronic liver diseases, pharmacological treatment options for patients with liver cirrhosis and/or advanced HCC are still limited. With their potential to regulate whole networks of genes, miRNA might be used as novel therapeutics in these patients but could also serve as biomarkers for improved patient stratification. In this review, we discuss available data on the role of miRNA in the transition from liver cirrhosis to HCC. We highlight opportunities for clinical translation and discuss open issues applicable to future developments.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Antineoplastic Agents - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Apoptosis</subject><subject>Carcinogenesis - genetics</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - etiology</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - genetics</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - therapy</subject><subject>Cell Transformation, Neoplastic</subject><subject>Cirrhosis</subject><subject>Clinical Trials as Topic</subject><subject>Drug therapy</subject><subject>Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic</subject><subject>Hepatitis</subject><subject>Hepatitis, Chronic - complications</subject><subject>Hepatitis, Chronic - genetics</subject><subject>Hepatocellular carcinoma</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Immunotherapy</subject><subject>Kinases</subject><subject>Liver</subject><subject>Liver cancer</subject><subject>Liver cirrhosis</subject><subject>Liver Cirrhosis - 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Recently, the role of non-coding RNA such as microRNA (miRNA) has been demonstrated in the context of chronic liver diseases and HCC. Moreover, data from a phase II trial suggested a potential role of microRNAs as therapeutics in hepatitis-C-virus infection, representing a significant risk factor for development of liver cirrhosis and HCC. Despite progress in the clinical management of chronic liver diseases, pharmacological treatment options for patients with liver cirrhosis and/or advanced HCC are still limited. With their potential to regulate whole networks of genes, miRNA might be used as novel therapeutics in these patients but could also serve as biomarkers for improved patient stratification. In this review, we discuss available data on the role of miRNA in the transition from liver cirrhosis to HCC. 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| ispartof | International journal of molecular sciences, 2021-02, Vol.22 (3), p.1492 |
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| source | MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central |
| subjects | Animals Antineoplastic Agents - therapeutic use Apoptosis Carcinogenesis - genetics Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - etiology Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - genetics Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - therapy Cell Transformation, Neoplastic Cirrhosis Clinical Trials as Topic Drug therapy Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic Hepatitis Hepatitis, Chronic - complications Hepatitis, Chronic - genetics Hepatocellular carcinoma Humans Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors - therapeutic use Immunotherapy Kinases Liver Liver cancer Liver cirrhosis Liver Cirrhosis - complications Liver Cirrhosis - genetics Liver diseases Liver Neoplasms - etiology Liver Neoplasms - genetics Liver Neoplasms - therapy Mice MicroRNAs MicroRNAs - genetics MicroRNAs - therapeutic use miRNA Neoplasm Proteins - antagonists & inhibitors Non-coding RNA Oligonucleotides - therapeutic use Patients Protein Kinase Inhibitors - therapeutic use Review Risk analysis Risk factors RNA, Neoplasm - genetics Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays |
| title | From Liver Cirrhosis to Cancer: The Role of Micro-RNAs in Hepatocarcinogenesis |
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