Surprise
Abstract Measures of information and surprise, such as the Shannon information value (S value), quantify the signal present in a stream of noisy data. We illustrate the use of such information measures in the context of interpreting P values as compatibility indices. S values help communicate the li...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | American journal of epidemiology 2021-02, Vol.190 (2), p.191-193 |
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| container_end_page | 193 |
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| container_issue | 2 |
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| container_title | American journal of epidemiology |
| container_volume | 190 |
| creator | Cole, Stephen R Edwards, Jessie K Greenland, Sander |
| description | Abstract
Measures of information and surprise, such as the Shannon information value (S value), quantify the signal present in a stream of noisy data. We illustrate the use of such information measures in the context of interpreting P values as compatibility indices. S values help communicate the limited information supplied by conventional statistics and cast a critical light on cutoffs used to judge and construct those statistics. Misinterpretations of statistics may be reduced by interpreting P values and interval estimates using compatibility concepts and S values instead of “significance” and “confidence.” |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/aje/kwaa136 |
| format | Article |
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Measures of information and surprise, such as the Shannon information value (S value), quantify the signal present in a stream of noisy data. We illustrate the use of such information measures in the context of interpreting P values as compatibility indices. S values help communicate the limited information supplied by conventional statistics and cast a critical light on cutoffs used to judge and construct those statistics. Misinterpretations of statistics may be reduced by interpreting P values and interval estimates using compatibility concepts and S values instead of “significance” and “confidence.”</description><identifier>ISSN: 0002-9262</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1476-6256</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwaa136</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32648906</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Compatibility ; Confidence ; Confidence Intervals ; Data Interpretation, Statistical ; Editor's Choice ; Epidemiologic Methods ; Humans ; Statistics ; Uncertainty</subject><ispartof>American journal of epidemiology, 2021-02, Vol.190 (2), p.191-193</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. 2020</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c440t-4c39976a18cf97f594695fb0296faa401a989fc9f9478c3a2707227b770f37393</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c440t-4c39976a18cf97f594695fb0296faa401a989fc9f9478c3a2707227b770f37393</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,1584,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32648906$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Cole, Stephen R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Edwards, Jessie K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Greenland, Sander</creatorcontrib><title>Surprise</title><title>American journal of epidemiology</title><addtitle>Am J Epidemiol</addtitle><description>Abstract
Measures of information and surprise, such as the Shannon information value (S value), quantify the signal present in a stream of noisy data. We illustrate the use of such information measures in the context of interpreting P values as compatibility indices. S values help communicate the limited information supplied by conventional statistics and cast a critical light on cutoffs used to judge and construct those statistics. Misinterpretations of statistics may be reduced by interpreting P values and interval estimates using compatibility concepts and S values instead of “significance” and “confidence.”</description><subject>Compatibility</subject><subject>Confidence</subject><subject>Confidence Intervals</subject><subject>Data Interpretation, Statistical</subject><subject>Editor's Choice</subject><subject>Epidemiologic Methods</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Statistics</subject><subject>Uncertainty</subject><issn>0002-9262</issn><issn>1476-6256</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kEtLAzEURoMotlZX7t0IIsjYm_fcjSDFFxRcqOuQxkSnTmdq0lH890Zai7pwlcU9HL4cQvYpnFJAPrRTP3x5t5ZytUH6VGhVKCbVJukDACuQKdYjOylNAShFCdukx5kSJYLqk95dF-exSn6XbAVbJ7-3egfk4fLifnRdjG-vbkbn48IJAYtCOI6olaWlC6iDRKFQhgkwVMFaAdRiicFhQKFLxy3ToBnTE60hcM2RD8jZ0jvvJjP_6HyziLY2ecPMxg_T2sr8vjTVs3lq34wuJVCpsuB4JYjta-fTwsyq5Hxd28a3XTJMMA5SIoiMHv5Bp20Xm_w9wyTllGqFNFMnS8rFNqXow3oMBfNV2OTCZlU40wc_96_Z76QZOFoCbTf_1_QJUk6Bww</recordid><startdate>20210201</startdate><enddate>20210201</enddate><creator>Cole, Stephen R</creator><creator>Edwards, Jessie K</creator><creator>Greenland, Sander</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><general>Oxford Publishing Limited (England)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20210201</creationdate><title>Surprise</title><author>Cole, Stephen R ; Edwards, Jessie K ; Greenland, Sander</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c440t-4c39976a18cf97f594695fb0296faa401a989fc9f9478c3a2707227b770f37393</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Compatibility</topic><topic>Confidence</topic><topic>Confidence Intervals</topic><topic>Data Interpretation, Statistical</topic><topic>Editor's Choice</topic><topic>Epidemiologic Methods</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Statistics</topic><topic>Uncertainty</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Cole, Stephen R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Edwards, Jessie K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Greenland, Sander</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>American journal of epidemiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Cole, Stephen R</au><au>Edwards, Jessie K</au><au>Greenland, Sander</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Surprise</atitle><jtitle>American journal of epidemiology</jtitle><addtitle>Am J Epidemiol</addtitle><date>2021-02-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>190</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>191</spage><epage>193</epage><pages>191-193</pages><issn>0002-9262</issn><eissn>1476-6256</eissn><abstract>Abstract
Measures of information and surprise, such as the Shannon information value (S value), quantify the signal present in a stream of noisy data. We illustrate the use of such information measures in the context of interpreting P values as compatibility indices. S values help communicate the limited information supplied by conventional statistics and cast a critical light on cutoffs used to judge and construct those statistics. Misinterpretations of statistics may be reduced by interpreting P values and interval estimates using compatibility concepts and S values instead of “significance” and “confidence.”</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>32648906</pmid><doi>10.1093/aje/kwaa136</doi><tpages>3</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 0002-9262 |
| ispartof | American journal of epidemiology, 2021-02, Vol.190 (2), p.191-193 |
| issn | 0002-9262 1476-6256 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current); EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Compatibility Confidence Confidence Intervals Data Interpretation, Statistical Editor's Choice Epidemiologic Methods Humans Statistics Uncertainty |
| title | Surprise |
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