Aluminothermic Reduction of Manganese Oxide from Selected MnO-Containing Slags
The aluminothermic reduction process of manganese oxide from different slags by aluminum was investigated using pure Al and two types of industrial Al dross. Two types of MnO-containing slags were used: a synthetic highly pure CaO-MnO slag and an industrial high carbon ferromanganese slag. Mixtures...
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| description | The aluminothermic reduction process of manganese oxide from different slags by aluminum was investigated using pure Al and two types of industrial Al dross. Two types of MnO-containing slags were used: a synthetic highly pure CaO-MnO slag and an industrial high carbon ferromanganese slag. Mixtures of Al and slag with more Al than the stoichiometry were heated and interacted in an induction furnace up to 1873 K, yielding molten metal and slag products. The characterization of the produced metal and slag phases indicated that the complete reduction of MnO occurs via the aluminothermic process. Moreover, as the Al content in the charge was high, it also completely reduced SiO
in the industrial ferromanganese slag. A small mass transport of Ca and Mg into the metal phase was also observed, which was shown to be affected by the slag chemistry. The obtained results indicated that the valorization of both Al dross and FeMn slag in a single process for the production of Mn, Mn-Al, and Mn-Al-Si alloys is possible. Moreover, the energy balance for the process indicated that the energy consumption of the process to produce Mn-Al alloys via the proposed process is insignificant due to the highly exothermic reactions at high temperatures. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/ma14020356 |
| format | Article |
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in the industrial ferromanganese slag. A small mass transport of Ca and Mg into the metal phase was also observed, which was shown to be affected by the slag chemistry. The obtained results indicated that the valorization of both Al dross and FeMn slag in a single process for the production of Mn, Mn-Al, and Mn-Al-Si alloys is possible. Moreover, the energy balance for the process indicated that the energy consumption of the process to produce Mn-Al alloys via the proposed process is insignificant due to the highly exothermic reactions at high temperatures.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1996-1944</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1996-1944</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ma14020356</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33450929</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Aluminothermic reduction ; Aluminum base alloys ; Aluminum industry ; Calcium ; Dross ; Electric induction furnaces ; Energy consumption ; Exothermic reactions ; Ferromanganese ; Heat ; Liquid metals ; Magnesium ; Manganese oxides ; Oxidation ; Silicon dioxide ; Slag ; Stoichiometry</subject><ispartof>Materials, 2021-01, Vol.14 (2), p.356</ispartof><rights>2021. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2021 by the authors. 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c406t-cd326ee949ea6e3c91101bc36e8a378f435b75819881e83c412735ebe7f304b03</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c406t-cd326ee949ea6e3c91101bc36e8a378f435b75819881e83c412735ebe7f304b03</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-3065-7778</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7828405/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7828405/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33450929$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kudyba, Artur</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Akhtar, Shahid</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Johansen, Inge</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Safarian, Jafar</creatorcontrib><title>Aluminothermic Reduction of Manganese Oxide from Selected MnO-Containing Slags</title><title>Materials</title><addtitle>Materials (Basel)</addtitle><description>The aluminothermic reduction process of manganese oxide from different slags by aluminum was investigated using pure Al and two types of industrial Al dross. Two types of MnO-containing slags were used: a synthetic highly pure CaO-MnO slag and an industrial high carbon ferromanganese slag. Mixtures of Al and slag with more Al than the stoichiometry were heated and interacted in an induction furnace up to 1873 K, yielding molten metal and slag products. The characterization of the produced metal and slag phases indicated that the complete reduction of MnO occurs via the aluminothermic process. Moreover, as the Al content in the charge was high, it also completely reduced SiO
in the industrial ferromanganese slag. A small mass transport of Ca and Mg into the metal phase was also observed, which was shown to be affected by the slag chemistry. The obtained results indicated that the valorization of both Al dross and FeMn slag in a single process for the production of Mn, Mn-Al, and Mn-Al-Si alloys is possible. Moreover, the energy balance for the process indicated that the energy consumption of the process to produce Mn-Al alloys via the proposed process is insignificant due to the highly exothermic reactions at high temperatures.</description><subject>Aluminothermic reduction</subject><subject>Aluminum base alloys</subject><subject>Aluminum industry</subject><subject>Calcium</subject><subject>Dross</subject><subject>Electric induction furnaces</subject><subject>Energy consumption</subject><subject>Exothermic reactions</subject><subject>Ferromanganese</subject><subject>Heat</subject><subject>Liquid metals</subject><subject>Magnesium</subject><subject>Manganese oxides</subject><subject>Oxidation</subject><subject>Silicon dioxide</subject><subject>Slag</subject><subject>Stoichiometry</subject><issn>1996-1944</issn><issn>1996-1944</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkVtr3DAQhUVoSEKyL_kBwdCXUnAjeWRZeiksS5sUslnI5VnI8nijYEtbyQ7Jv69zTzMvMzAfh3M4hBwy-gNA0ePeME4LCqXYIntMKZEzxfmXD_cumaV0S6cBYLJQO2QXgJdUFWqPnM-7sXc-DDcYe2ezC2xGO7jgs9BmS-PXxmPCbHXvGszaGPrsEju0AzbZ0q_yRfCDcd75dXbZmXU6INut6RLOXvY-uf7962pxmp-tTv4s5me55VQMuW2gEIiKKzQCwSrGKKstCJQGKtlyKOuqlExJyVCC5ayooMQaqxYorynsk5_Pupux7rGx6IdoOr2JrjfxQQfj9P8f7270OtzpShaS03IS-PYiEMPfEdOge5csdt2UN4xJF7ySpRQS1IR-_YTehjH6Kd4TJSohmJyo78-UjSGliO2bGUb1Y1P6vakJPvpo_w197QX-Acx3jW0</recordid><startdate>20210113</startdate><enddate>20210113</enddate><creator>Kudyba, Artur</creator><creator>Akhtar, Shahid</creator><creator>Johansen, Inge</creator><creator>Safarian, Jafar</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3065-7778</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210113</creationdate><title>Aluminothermic Reduction of Manganese Oxide from Selected MnO-Containing Slags</title><author>Kudyba, Artur ; 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Two types of MnO-containing slags were used: a synthetic highly pure CaO-MnO slag and an industrial high carbon ferromanganese slag. Mixtures of Al and slag with more Al than the stoichiometry were heated and interacted in an induction furnace up to 1873 K, yielding molten metal and slag products. The characterization of the produced metal and slag phases indicated that the complete reduction of MnO occurs via the aluminothermic process. Moreover, as the Al content in the charge was high, it also completely reduced SiO
in the industrial ferromanganese slag. A small mass transport of Ca and Mg into the metal phase was also observed, which was shown to be affected by the slag chemistry. The obtained results indicated that the valorization of both Al dross and FeMn slag in a single process for the production of Mn, Mn-Al, and Mn-Al-Si alloys is possible. Moreover, the energy balance for the process indicated that the energy consumption of the process to produce Mn-Al alloys via the proposed process is insignificant due to the highly exothermic reactions at high temperatures.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>33450929</pmid><doi>10.3390/ma14020356</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3065-7778</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Aluminothermic reduction Aluminum base alloys Aluminum industry Calcium Dross Electric induction furnaces Energy consumption Exothermic reactions Ferromanganese Heat Liquid metals Magnesium Manganese oxides Oxidation Silicon dioxide Slag Stoichiometry |
| title | Aluminothermic Reduction of Manganese Oxide from Selected MnO-Containing Slags |
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