Gamma-radiated immunosuppressed tumor xenograft mice can be a new ideal model in cancer research
Tumor xenograft models can create a high capacity to study human tumors and discover efficient therapeutic approaches. Here, we aimed to develop the gamma-radiated immunosuppressed (GIS) mice as a new kind of tumor xenograft model for biomedical studies. First, 144 mice were divided into the control...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Scientific reports 2021-01, Vol.11 (1), p.256-256 |
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| creator | Khodayari, Hamid Khodayari, Saeed Khalighfard, Solmaz Tahmasebifar, Arash Tajaldini, Mahboubeh Poorkhani, Amirhoushang Nikoueinejad, Hassan Hamidi, Gholam Ali Nosrati, Hassan Kalhori, Mohammad Reza Alizadeh, Ali Mohammad |
| description | Tumor xenograft models can create a high capacity to study human tumors and discover efficient therapeutic approaches. Here, we aimed to develop the gamma-radiated immunosuppressed (GIS) mice as a new kind of tumor xenograft model for biomedical studies. First, 144 mice were divided into the control and treated groups exposed by a medical Cobalt-60 apparatus in 3, 4, and 5 Gy based on the system outputs. Then, 144 BALB/c mice were divided into four groups; healthy, xenograft, radiation, and radiation + xenograft groups. The animals in the xenograft and radiation + xenograft groups have subcutaneously received 3 × 10
MCF-7 cells 24 h post-radiation. On 3, 7, 14, and 21 days after cell injection, the animals were sacrificed. Then, the blood samples and the spleen and tumor tissues were removed for the cellular and molecular analyses. The whole-body gamma radiation had a high immunosuppressive effect on the BALB/c mice from 1 to 21 days post-radiation. The macroscopic and histopathological observations have proved that the created clusters' tumor structure resulted in the xenograft breast tumor. There was a significant increase in tumor size after cell injection until the end of the study. Except for Treg, the spleen level of CD4, CD8, CD19, and Ly6G was significantly decreased in Xen + Rad compared to the Xen alone group on 3 and 7 days. Unlike IL-4 and IL-10, the spleen level of TGF-β, INF-γ, IL-12, and IL-17 was considerably decreased in the Xen + Rad than the Xen alone group on 3 and 7 days. The spleen expressions of the VEGF, Ki67, and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio were dramatically increased in the Xen + Rad group compared to the Xen alone on 3, 7, 14, and 21 days. Our results could confirm a new tumor xenograft model via an efficient immune-suppressive potential of the whole-body gamma radiation in mice. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/s41598-020-80428-5 |
| format | Article |
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MCF-7 cells 24 h post-radiation. On 3, 7, 14, and 21 days after cell injection, the animals were sacrificed. Then, the blood samples and the spleen and tumor tissues were removed for the cellular and molecular analyses. The whole-body gamma radiation had a high immunosuppressive effect on the BALB/c mice from 1 to 21 days post-radiation. The macroscopic and histopathological observations have proved that the created clusters' tumor structure resulted in the xenograft breast tumor. There was a significant increase in tumor size after cell injection until the end of the study. Except for Treg, the spleen level of CD4, CD8, CD19, and Ly6G was significantly decreased in Xen + Rad compared to the Xen alone group on 3 and 7 days. Unlike IL-4 and IL-10, the spleen level of TGF-β, INF-γ, IL-12, and IL-17 was considerably decreased in the Xen + Rad than the Xen alone group on 3 and 7 days. The spleen expressions of the VEGF, Ki67, and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio were dramatically increased in the Xen + Rad group compared to the Xen alone on 3, 7, 14, and 21 days. Our results could confirm a new tumor xenograft model via an efficient immune-suppressive potential of the whole-body gamma radiation in mice.</description><identifier>EISSN: 2045-2322</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80428-5</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33420261</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Nature Publishing Group</publisher><subject>Animals ; Antigens, Differentiation - metabolism ; Bcl-2 protein ; Breast cancer ; Breast Neoplasms - pathology ; Cancer research ; CD19 antigen ; CD4 antigen ; CD8 antigen ; Cell size ; Cobalt ; Cobalt Radioisotopes ; Cytokines - genetics ; Cytokines - metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Gamma Rays ; Heterografts ; Humans ; Immunosuppression ; Immunosuppression Therapy - methods ; Injection ; Interleukin 10 ; Interleukin 12 ; Interleukin 17 ; Interleukin 4 ; Lymphocytes T ; MCF-7 Cells ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Post-radiation ; Spleen ; Spleen - immunology ; Spleen - metabolism ; Tumor Burden ; Tumors ; Vascular endothelial growth factor ; Xenografts ; γ Radiation</subject><ispartof>Scientific reports, 2021-01, Vol.11 (1), p.256-256</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2021. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7794493/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7794493/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33420261$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Khodayari, Hamid</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khodayari, Saeed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khalighfard, Solmaz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tahmasebifar, Arash</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tajaldini, Mahboubeh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Poorkhani, Amirhoushang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nikoueinejad, Hassan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hamidi, Gholam Ali</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nosrati, Hassan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kalhori, Mohammad Reza</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alizadeh, Ali Mohammad</creatorcontrib><title>Gamma-radiated immunosuppressed tumor xenograft mice can be a new ideal model in cancer research</title><title>Scientific reports</title><addtitle>Sci Rep</addtitle><description>Tumor xenograft models can create a high capacity to study human tumors and discover efficient therapeutic approaches. Here, we aimed to develop the gamma-radiated immunosuppressed (GIS) mice as a new kind of tumor xenograft model for biomedical studies. First, 144 mice were divided into the control and treated groups exposed by a medical Cobalt-60 apparatus in 3, 4, and 5 Gy based on the system outputs. Then, 144 BALB/c mice were divided into four groups; healthy, xenograft, radiation, and radiation + xenograft groups. The animals in the xenograft and radiation + xenograft groups have subcutaneously received 3 × 10
MCF-7 cells 24 h post-radiation. On 3, 7, 14, and 21 days after cell injection, the animals were sacrificed. Then, the blood samples and the spleen and tumor tissues were removed for the cellular and molecular analyses. The whole-body gamma radiation had a high immunosuppressive effect on the BALB/c mice from 1 to 21 days post-radiation. The macroscopic and histopathological observations have proved that the created clusters' tumor structure resulted in the xenograft breast tumor. There was a significant increase in tumor size after cell injection until the end of the study. Except for Treg, the spleen level of CD4, CD8, CD19, and Ly6G was significantly decreased in Xen + Rad compared to the Xen alone group on 3 and 7 days. Unlike IL-4 and IL-10, the spleen level of TGF-β, INF-γ, IL-12, and IL-17 was considerably decreased in the Xen + Rad than the Xen alone group on 3 and 7 days. The spleen expressions of the VEGF, Ki67, and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio were dramatically increased in the Xen + Rad group compared to the Xen alone on 3, 7, 14, and 21 days. Our results could confirm a new tumor xenograft model via an efficient immune-suppressive potential of the whole-body gamma radiation in mice.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Antigens, Differentiation - metabolism</subject><subject>Bcl-2 protein</subject><subject>Breast cancer</subject><subject>Breast Neoplasms - pathology</subject><subject>Cancer research</subject><subject>CD19 antigen</subject><subject>CD4 antigen</subject><subject>CD8 antigen</subject><subject>Cell size</subject><subject>Cobalt</subject><subject>Cobalt Radioisotopes</subject><subject>Cytokines - genetics</subject><subject>Cytokines - metabolism</subject><subject>Disease Models, Animal</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gamma Rays</subject><subject>Heterografts</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunosuppression</subject><subject>Immunosuppression Therapy - methods</subject><subject>Injection</subject><subject>Interleukin 10</subject><subject>Interleukin 12</subject><subject>Interleukin 17</subject><subject>Interleukin 4</subject><subject>Lymphocytes T</subject><subject>MCF-7 Cells</subject><subject>Mice</subject><subject>Mice, Inbred BALB C</subject><subject>Post-radiation</subject><subject>Spleen</subject><subject>Spleen - immunology</subject><subject>Spleen - metabolism</subject><subject>Tumor Burden</subject><subject>Tumors</subject><subject>Vascular endothelial growth factor</subject><subject>Xenografts</subject><subject>γ Radiation</subject><issn>2045-2322</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNpdUEtLxjAQDIKoqH_AgwS8eKmmebTNRRDRT0Hwoue6TffTSJPUpPXx741P1L0s7MwOM0PITskOSiaawyRLpZuCcVY0TPKmUCtkgzOpCi44XyfbKT2wPIprWeo1si6E5IxX5Qa5XYBzUEToLUzYU-vc7EOaxzFiSvkwzS5E-oI-3EVYTtRZg9SApx1SoB6fqe0RBupCjwO1_h0zGGl-R4jmfousLmFIuP21N8nN2en1yXlxebW4ODm-LMZsaiqkqLRhlQQju5wDFSB2jVbC1IqbjvWmx06pmivUiNWSV73QQgMTaJjgUmySo0_dce4c9gb9FGFox2gdxNc2gG3_It7et3fhqa1rLaUWWWD_SyCGxxnT1DqbDA4DeAxzarmsK1Wxqm4yde8f9SHM0ed4Hyyeey55Zu3-dvRj5bt88QaOjobp</recordid><startdate>20210108</startdate><enddate>20210108</enddate><creator>Khodayari, Hamid</creator><creator>Khodayari, Saeed</creator><creator>Khalighfard, Solmaz</creator><creator>Tahmasebifar, Arash</creator><creator>Tajaldini, Mahboubeh</creator><creator>Poorkhani, Amirhoushang</creator><creator>Nikoueinejad, Hassan</creator><creator>Hamidi, Gholam Ali</creator><creator>Nosrati, Hassan</creator><creator>Kalhori, Mohammad Reza</creator><creator>Alizadeh, Ali Mohammad</creator><general>Nature Publishing Group</general><general>Nature Publishing Group UK</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20210108</creationdate><title>Gamma-radiated immunosuppressed tumor xenograft mice can be a new ideal model in cancer research</title><author>Khodayari, Hamid ; Khodayari, Saeed ; Khalighfard, Solmaz ; Tahmasebifar, Arash ; Tajaldini, Mahboubeh ; Poorkhani, Amirhoushang ; Nikoueinejad, Hassan ; Hamidi, Gholam Ali ; Nosrati, Hassan ; Kalhori, Mohammad Reza ; Alizadeh, Ali Mohammad</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-p294t-4369c064ac4b020e5aeeb8953c752cb0dcdeb55725e9ee6f26d3939a03ec03243</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Antigens, Differentiation - metabolism</topic><topic>Bcl-2 protein</topic><topic>Breast cancer</topic><topic>Breast Neoplasms - pathology</topic><topic>Cancer research</topic><topic>CD19 antigen</topic><topic>CD4 antigen</topic><topic>CD8 antigen</topic><topic>Cell size</topic><topic>Cobalt</topic><topic>Cobalt Radioisotopes</topic><topic>Cytokines - genetics</topic><topic>Cytokines - metabolism</topic><topic>Disease Models, Animal</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gamma Rays</topic><topic>Heterografts</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immunosuppression</topic><topic>Immunosuppression Therapy - methods</topic><topic>Injection</topic><topic>Interleukin 10</topic><topic>Interleukin 12</topic><topic>Interleukin 17</topic><topic>Interleukin 4</topic><topic>Lymphocytes T</topic><topic>MCF-7 Cells</topic><topic>Mice</topic><topic>Mice, Inbred BALB C</topic><topic>Post-radiation</topic><topic>Spleen</topic><topic>Spleen - immunology</topic><topic>Spleen - metabolism</topic><topic>Tumor Burden</topic><topic>Tumors</topic><topic>Vascular endothelial growth factor</topic><topic>Xenografts</topic><topic>γ Radiation</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Khodayari, Hamid</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khodayari, Saeed</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Khalighfard, Solmaz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tahmasebifar, Arash</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tajaldini, Mahboubeh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Poorkhani, Amirhoushang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nikoueinejad, Hassan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hamidi, Gholam Ali</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nosrati, Hassan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kalhori, Mohammad Reza</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Alizadeh, Ali Mohammad</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Biology Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Scientific reports</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Khodayari, Hamid</au><au>Khodayari, Saeed</au><au>Khalighfard, Solmaz</au><au>Tahmasebifar, Arash</au><au>Tajaldini, Mahboubeh</au><au>Poorkhani, Amirhoushang</au><au>Nikoueinejad, Hassan</au><au>Hamidi, Gholam Ali</au><au>Nosrati, Hassan</au><au>Kalhori, Mohammad Reza</au><au>Alizadeh, Ali Mohammad</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Gamma-radiated immunosuppressed tumor xenograft mice can be a new ideal model in cancer research</atitle><jtitle>Scientific reports</jtitle><addtitle>Sci Rep</addtitle><date>2021-01-08</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>11</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>256</spage><epage>256</epage><pages>256-256</pages><eissn>2045-2322</eissn><abstract>Tumor xenograft models can create a high capacity to study human tumors and discover efficient therapeutic approaches. Here, we aimed to develop the gamma-radiated immunosuppressed (GIS) mice as a new kind of tumor xenograft model for biomedical studies. First, 144 mice were divided into the control and treated groups exposed by a medical Cobalt-60 apparatus in 3, 4, and 5 Gy based on the system outputs. Then, 144 BALB/c mice were divided into four groups; healthy, xenograft, radiation, and radiation + xenograft groups. The animals in the xenograft and radiation + xenograft groups have subcutaneously received 3 × 10
MCF-7 cells 24 h post-radiation. On 3, 7, 14, and 21 days after cell injection, the animals were sacrificed. Then, the blood samples and the spleen and tumor tissues were removed for the cellular and molecular analyses. The whole-body gamma radiation had a high immunosuppressive effect on the BALB/c mice from 1 to 21 days post-radiation. The macroscopic and histopathological observations have proved that the created clusters' tumor structure resulted in the xenograft breast tumor. There was a significant increase in tumor size after cell injection until the end of the study. Except for Treg, the spleen level of CD4, CD8, CD19, and Ly6G was significantly decreased in Xen + Rad compared to the Xen alone group on 3 and 7 days. Unlike IL-4 and IL-10, the spleen level of TGF-β, INF-γ, IL-12, and IL-17 was considerably decreased in the Xen + Rad than the Xen alone group on 3 and 7 days. The spleen expressions of the VEGF, Ki67, and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio were dramatically increased in the Xen + Rad group compared to the Xen alone on 3, 7, 14, and 21 days. Our results could confirm a new tumor xenograft model via an efficient immune-suppressive potential of the whole-body gamma radiation in mice.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group</pub><pmid>33420261</pmid><doi>10.1038/s41598-020-80428-5</doi><tpages>1</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Animals Antigens, Differentiation - metabolism Bcl-2 protein Breast cancer Breast Neoplasms - pathology Cancer research CD19 antigen CD4 antigen CD8 antigen Cell size Cobalt Cobalt Radioisotopes Cytokines - genetics Cytokines - metabolism Disease Models, Animal Female Gamma Rays Heterografts Humans Immunosuppression Immunosuppression Therapy - methods Injection Interleukin 10 Interleukin 12 Interleukin 17 Interleukin 4 Lymphocytes T MCF-7 Cells Mice Mice, Inbred BALB C Post-radiation Spleen Spleen - immunology Spleen - metabolism Tumor Burden Tumors Vascular endothelial growth factor Xenografts γ Radiation |
| title | Gamma-radiated immunosuppressed tumor xenograft mice can be a new ideal model in cancer research |
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