Genenames.org: the HGNC and VGNC resources in 2021
Abstract The HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) based at EMBL’s European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) assigns unique symbols and names to human genes. There are over 42,000 approved gene symbols in our current database of which over 19 000 are for protein-coding genes. While we still upd...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Nucleic acids research 2021-01, Vol.49 (D1), p.D939-D946 |
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| container_title | Nucleic acids research |
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| creator | Tweedie, Susan Braschi, Bryony Gray, Kristian Jones, Tamsin E M Seal, Ruth L Yates, Bethan Bruford, Elspeth A |
| description | Abstract
The HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) based at EMBL’s European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) assigns unique symbols and names to human genes. There are over 42,000 approved gene symbols in our current database of which over 19 000 are for protein-coding genes. While we still update placeholder and problematic symbols, we are working towards stabilizing symbols where possible; over 2000 symbols for disease associated genes are now marked as stable in our symbol reports. All of our data is available at the HGNC website https://www.genenames.org. The Vertebrate Gene Nomenclature Committee (VGNC) was established to assign standardized nomenclature in line with human for vertebrate species lacking their own nomenclature committee. In addition to the previous VGNC core species of chimpanzee, cow, horse and dog, we now name genes in cat, macaque and pig. Gene groups have been added to VGNC and currently include two complex families: olfactory receptors (ORs) and cytochrome P450s (CYPs). In collaboration with specialists we have also named CYPs in species beyond our core set. All VGNC data is available at https://vertebrate.genenames.org/. This article provides an overview of our online data and resources, focusing on updates over the last two years. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/nar/gkaa980 |
| format | Article |
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The HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) based at EMBL’s European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) assigns unique symbols and names to human genes. There are over 42,000 approved gene symbols in our current database of which over 19 000 are for protein-coding genes. While we still update placeholder and problematic symbols, we are working towards stabilizing symbols where possible; over 2000 symbols for disease associated genes are now marked as stable in our symbol reports. All of our data is available at the HGNC website https://www.genenames.org. The Vertebrate Gene Nomenclature Committee (VGNC) was established to assign standardized nomenclature in line with human for vertebrate species lacking their own nomenclature committee. In addition to the previous VGNC core species of chimpanzee, cow, horse and dog, we now name genes in cat, macaque and pig. Gene groups have been added to VGNC and currently include two complex families: olfactory receptors (ORs) and cytochrome P450s (CYPs). In collaboration with specialists we have also named CYPs in species beyond our core set. All VGNC data is available at https://vertebrate.genenames.org/. This article provides an overview of our online data and resources, focusing on updates over the last two years.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0305-1048</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1362-4962</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa980</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33152070</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Animals ; Computational Biology - methods ; Database Issue ; Databases, Genetic ; Genes - genetics ; Genomics - methods ; Humans ; Internet ; Proteins - genetics ; Species Specificity ; Terminology as Topic ; User-Computer Interface ; Vertebrates - classification ; Vertebrates - genetics</subject><ispartof>Nucleic acids research, 2021-01, Vol.49 (D1), p.D939-D946</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research. 2021</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c520t-6628a102b5643b56768f5b4f9d0cee9f5d9bb10a8682e791e89384f99a91627d3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c520t-6628a102b5643b56768f5b4f9d0cee9f5d9bb10a8682e791e89384f99a91627d3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-5269-0985 ; 0000-0003-1818-8243 ; 0000-0002-0027-0858 ; 0000-0003-1658-1762 ; 0000-0002-8380-5247</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7779007/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7779007/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,1598,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33152070$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Tweedie, Susan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Braschi, Bryony</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gray, Kristian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jones, Tamsin E M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Seal, Ruth L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yates, Bethan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bruford, Elspeth A</creatorcontrib><title>Genenames.org: the HGNC and VGNC resources in 2021</title><title>Nucleic acids research</title><addtitle>Nucleic Acids Res</addtitle><description>Abstract
The HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) based at EMBL’s European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) assigns unique symbols and names to human genes. There are over 42,000 approved gene symbols in our current database of which over 19 000 are for protein-coding genes. While we still update placeholder and problematic symbols, we are working towards stabilizing symbols where possible; over 2000 symbols for disease associated genes are now marked as stable in our symbol reports. All of our data is available at the HGNC website https://www.genenames.org. The Vertebrate Gene Nomenclature Committee (VGNC) was established to assign standardized nomenclature in line with human for vertebrate species lacking their own nomenclature committee. In addition to the previous VGNC core species of chimpanzee, cow, horse and dog, we now name genes in cat, macaque and pig. Gene groups have been added to VGNC and currently include two complex families: olfactory receptors (ORs) and cytochrome P450s (CYPs). In collaboration with specialists we have also named CYPs in species beyond our core set. All VGNC data is available at https://vertebrate.genenames.org/. 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The HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) based at EMBL’s European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) assigns unique symbols and names to human genes. There are over 42,000 approved gene symbols in our current database of which over 19 000 are for protein-coding genes. While we still update placeholder and problematic symbols, we are working towards stabilizing symbols where possible; over 2000 symbols for disease associated genes are now marked as stable in our symbol reports. All of our data is available at the HGNC website https://www.genenames.org. The Vertebrate Gene Nomenclature Committee (VGNC) was established to assign standardized nomenclature in line with human for vertebrate species lacking their own nomenclature committee. In addition to the previous VGNC core species of chimpanzee, cow, horse and dog, we now name genes in cat, macaque and pig. Gene groups have been added to VGNC and currently include two complex families: olfactory receptors (ORs) and cytochrome P450s (CYPs). In collaboration with specialists we have also named CYPs in species beyond our core set. All VGNC data is available at https://vertebrate.genenames.org/. This article provides an overview of our online data and resources, focusing on updates over the last two years.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>33152070</pmid><doi>10.1093/nar/gkaa980</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5269-0985</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1818-8243</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0027-0858</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1658-1762</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8380-5247</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Animals Computational Biology - methods Database Issue Databases, Genetic Genes - genetics Genomics - methods Humans Internet Proteins - genetics Species Specificity Terminology as Topic User-Computer Interface Vertebrates - classification Vertebrates - genetics |
| title | Genenames.org: the HGNC and VGNC resources in 2021 |
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