Anti-hepatitis C Virus Activity of Novel β-D-2′-C-methyl-4′-azido Pyrimidine Nucleoside Phosphoramidate Prodrugs

Background: 2′-C-methyl and 4′-azido nucleosides have previously demonstrated inhibition of hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication by targeting the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase NS5B. In an effort to discover new and more potent anti-HCV agents, we envisioned synthesizing nucleoside analogues by combini...

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Veröffentlicht in:Antiviral chemistry & chemotherapy 2009-10, Vol.20 (2), p.99-106
Hauptverfasser: Rondla, Ramu, Coats, Steven J, McBrayer, Tamara R, Grier, Jason, Johns, Melissa, Tharnish, Phillip M, Whitaker, Tony, Zhou, Longhu, Schinazi, Raymond F
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container_end_page 106
container_issue 2
container_start_page 99
container_title Antiviral chemistry & chemotherapy
container_volume 20
creator Rondla, Ramu
Coats, Steven J
McBrayer, Tamara R
Grier, Jason
Johns, Melissa
Tharnish, Phillip M
Whitaker, Tony
Zhou, Longhu
Schinazi, Raymond F
description Background: 2′-C-methyl and 4′-azido nucleosides have previously demonstrated inhibition of hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication by targeting the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase NS5B. In an effort to discover new and more potent anti-HCV agents, we envisioned synthesizing nucleoside analogues by combining the 2′-C-methylmoiety with the 4′-azido-moiety into one molecule. Methods: 2′-C-methyl-4′-azido pyrimidine nucleosides were synthesized by first converting 2′-C-methyl ribonucleosides to the corresponding 4′-exocyclic methylene nucleosides. Treatment with iodine azide, benzoylation of the 2′- and 3′-hydroxy groups, oxidative displacement of the 5′-iodo group with meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid, and debenzoylation gave the desired 2′-C-methyl-4′-azido uridine and thymidine analogues in good yield. Standard conversion of uridine to cytidine via the 4-triazole yielded 2′-C-methyl-4′-azido cytidine. In addition, 5′-phosphoramidate derivatives of 2′-C-methyl-4′-azido uridine and cytidine were synthesized to bypass the initial phosphorylation step. Results: The prepared nucleosides and their 5′-monophosphate prodrugs were evaluated for their ability to inhibit replication of the hepatitis C virus in a subgenomic replicon cell based assay. Cytotoxicity in Huh7 cells was determined simultaneously with anti-HCV activity by extraction and amplification of both HCV RNA and ribosomal RNA. Among the newly synthesized compounds, only the 5′-monophosphate nucleoside prodrugs had modest and selective anti-HCV activity. All prepared pyrimidine nucleosides and 5′-monophosphate nucleoside prodrugs displayed no evidence of cytotoxicity at high concentrations. Conclusions: This work is the first example of both inactive uridine and cytidine analogues of a nucleoside being converted to active anti-HCV nucleosides via 5′-monophosphate prodrugs.
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In an effort to discover new and more potent anti-HCV agents, we envisioned synthesizing nucleoside analogues by combining the 2′-C-methylmoiety with the 4′-azido-moiety into one molecule. Methods: 2′-C-methyl-4′-azido pyrimidine nucleosides were synthesized by first converting 2′-C-methyl ribonucleosides to the corresponding 4′-exocyclic methylene nucleosides. Treatment with iodine azide, benzoylation of the 2′- and 3′-hydroxy groups, oxidative displacement of the 5′-iodo group with meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid, and debenzoylation gave the desired 2′-C-methyl-4′-azido uridine and thymidine analogues in good yield. Standard conversion of uridine to cytidine via the 4-triazole yielded 2′-C-methyl-4′-azido cytidine. In addition, 5′-phosphoramidate derivatives of 2′-C-methyl-4′-azido uridine and cytidine were synthesized to bypass the initial phosphorylation step. Results: The prepared nucleosides and their 5′-monophosphate prodrugs were evaluated for their ability to inhibit replication of the hepatitis C virus in a subgenomic replicon cell based assay. Cytotoxicity in Huh7 cells was determined simultaneously with anti-HCV activity by extraction and amplification of both HCV RNA and ribosomal RNA. Among the newly synthesized compounds, only the 5′-monophosphate nucleoside prodrugs had modest and selective anti-HCV activity. All prepared pyrimidine nucleosides and 5′-monophosphate nucleoside prodrugs displayed no evidence of cytotoxicity at high concentrations. Conclusions: This work is the first example of both inactive uridine and cytidine analogues of a nucleoside being converted to active anti-HCV nucleosides via 5′-monophosphate prodrugs.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2040-2066</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 0956-3202</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2040-2066</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3851/IMP1400</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19843980</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London, England: SAGE Publications</publisher><subject>Amides ; Antiretroviral drugs ; Antiviral Agents - chemical synthesis ; Antiviral Agents - pharmacology ; Cell Line ; Cell Survival - drug effects ; Cytidine - analogs &amp; derivatives ; Cytotoxicity ; DNA-directed RNA polymerase ; Hepacivirus - drug effects ; Hepatitis ; Hepatitis C ; Humans ; Iodine ; Nucleoside analogs ; Phosphoric Acids ; Phosphorylation ; Prodrugs ; Prodrugs - pharmacology ; Prodrugs - therapeutic use ; Pyrimidine Nucleosides - pharmacology ; Pyrimidine Nucleosides - therapeutic use ; Replication ; RNA polymerase ; RNA-directed RNA polymerase ; rRNA ; Thymidine ; Uridine ; Uridine - analogs &amp; derivatives ; Virus Replication - drug effects</subject><ispartof>Antiviral chemistry &amp; chemotherapy, 2009-10, Vol.20 (2), p.99-106</ispartof><rights>2009 International Medical Press</rights><rights>2009 International Medical Press. 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Results: The prepared nucleosides and their 5′-monophosphate prodrugs were evaluated for their ability to inhibit replication of the hepatitis C virus in a subgenomic replicon cell based assay. Cytotoxicity in Huh7 cells was determined simultaneously with anti-HCV activity by extraction and amplification of both HCV RNA and ribosomal RNA. Among the newly synthesized compounds, only the 5′-monophosphate nucleoside prodrugs had modest and selective anti-HCV activity. All prepared pyrimidine nucleosides and 5′-monophosphate nucleoside prodrugs displayed no evidence of cytotoxicity at high concentrations. 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chemotherapy</jtitle><addtitle>Antivir Chem Chemother</addtitle><date>2009-10-19</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>20</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>99</spage><epage>106</epage><pages>99-106</pages><issn>2040-2066</issn><issn>0956-3202</issn><eissn>2040-2066</eissn><abstract>Background: 2′-C-methyl and 4′-azido nucleosides have previously demonstrated inhibition of hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication by targeting the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase NS5B. In an effort to discover new and more potent anti-HCV agents, we envisioned synthesizing nucleoside analogues by combining the 2′-C-methylmoiety with the 4′-azido-moiety into one molecule. Methods: 2′-C-methyl-4′-azido pyrimidine nucleosides were synthesized by first converting 2′-C-methyl ribonucleosides to the corresponding 4′-exocyclic methylene nucleosides. Treatment with iodine azide, benzoylation of the 2′- and 3′-hydroxy groups, oxidative displacement of the 5′-iodo group with meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid, and debenzoylation gave the desired 2′-C-methyl-4′-azido uridine and thymidine analogues in good yield. Standard conversion of uridine to cytidine via the 4-triazole yielded 2′-C-methyl-4′-azido cytidine. In addition, 5′-phosphoramidate derivatives of 2′-C-methyl-4′-azido uridine and cytidine were synthesized to bypass the initial phosphorylation step. Results: The prepared nucleosides and their 5′-monophosphate prodrugs were evaluated for their ability to inhibit replication of the hepatitis C virus in a subgenomic replicon cell based assay. Cytotoxicity in Huh7 cells was determined simultaneously with anti-HCV activity by extraction and amplification of both HCV RNA and ribosomal RNA. Among the newly synthesized compounds, only the 5′-monophosphate nucleoside prodrugs had modest and selective anti-HCV activity. All prepared pyrimidine nucleosides and 5′-monophosphate nucleoside prodrugs displayed no evidence of cytotoxicity at high concentrations. Conclusions: This work is the first example of both inactive uridine and cytidine analogues of a nucleoside being converted to active anti-HCV nucleosides via 5′-monophosphate prodrugs.</abstract><cop>London, England</cop><pub>SAGE Publications</pub><pmid>19843980</pmid><doi>10.3851/IMP1400</doi><tpages>8</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Amides
Antiretroviral drugs
Antiviral Agents - chemical synthesis
Antiviral Agents - pharmacology
Cell Line
Cell Survival - drug effects
Cytidine - analogs & derivatives
Cytotoxicity
DNA-directed RNA polymerase
Hepacivirus - drug effects
Hepatitis
Hepatitis C
Humans
Iodine
Nucleoside analogs
Phosphoric Acids
Phosphorylation
Prodrugs
Prodrugs - pharmacology
Prodrugs - therapeutic use
Pyrimidine Nucleosides - pharmacology
Pyrimidine Nucleosides - therapeutic use
Replication
RNA polymerase
RNA-directed RNA polymerase
rRNA
Thymidine
Uridine
Uridine - analogs & derivatives
Virus Replication - drug effects
title Anti-hepatitis C Virus Activity of Novel β-D-2′-C-methyl-4′-azido Pyrimidine Nucleoside Phosphoramidate Prodrugs
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