Cancer-Associated Muscle Wasting-Candidate Mechanisms and Molecular Pathways
Excessive muscle loss is commonly observed in cancer patients and its association with poor prognosis has been well-established. Cancer-associated sarcopenia differs from age-related wasting in that it is not responsive to nutritional intervention and exercise. This is related to its unique pathogen...
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Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of molecular sciences 2020-12, Vol.21 (23), p.9268 |
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description | Excessive muscle loss is commonly observed in cancer patients and its association with poor prognosis has been well-established. Cancer-associated sarcopenia differs from age-related wasting in that it is not responsive to nutritional intervention and exercise. This is related to its unique pathogenesis, a result of diverse and interconnected mechanisms including inflammation, disordered metabolism, proteolysis and autophagy. There is a growing body of evidence that suggests that the tumor is the driver of muscle wasting by its elaboration of mediators that influence each of these pro-sarcopenic pathways. In this review, evidence for these tumor-derived factors and putative mechanisms for inducing muscle wasting will be reviewed. Potential targets for future research and therapeutic interventions will also be reviewed. |
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Cancer-associated sarcopenia differs from age-related wasting in that it is not responsive to nutritional intervention and exercise. This is related to its unique pathogenesis, a result of diverse and interconnected mechanisms including inflammation, disordered metabolism, proteolysis and autophagy. There is a growing body of evidence that suggests that the tumor is the driver of muscle wasting by its elaboration of mediators that influence each of these pro-sarcopenic pathways. In this review, evidence for these tumor-derived factors and putative mechanisms for inducing muscle wasting will be reviewed. Potential targets for future research and therapeutic interventions will also be reviewed.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1422-0067</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1661-6596</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1422-0067</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239268</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33291708</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Apoptosis ; Autophagy ; Biomarkers ; Cancer ; Cancer therapies ; Cytokines ; Disease Susceptibility ; Energy Metabolism ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Inflammation Mediators - metabolism ; Kinases ; Muscle Development ; Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism ; Muscle, Skeletal - pathology ; Muscles ; Musculoskeletal system ; Neoplasms - complications ; Pancreatic cancer ; Pathogenesis ; Phagocytosis ; Proteins ; Proteolysis ; Quality of life ; Review ; Sarcopenia ; Sarcopenia - etiology ; Sarcopenia - metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Therapeutic applications ; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF ; Tumors</subject><ispartof>International journal of molecular sciences, 2020-12, Vol.21 (23), p.9268</ispartof><rights>2020. 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Cancer-associated sarcopenia differs from age-related wasting in that it is not responsive to nutritional intervention and exercise. This is related to its unique pathogenesis, a result of diverse and interconnected mechanisms including inflammation, disordered metabolism, proteolysis and autophagy. There is a growing body of evidence that suggests that the tumor is the driver of muscle wasting by its elaboration of mediators that influence each of these pro-sarcopenic pathways. In this review, evidence for these tumor-derived factors and putative mechanisms for inducing muscle wasting will be reviewed. 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subjects | Apoptosis Autophagy Biomarkers Cancer Cancer therapies Cytokines Disease Susceptibility Energy Metabolism Humans Inflammation Inflammation Mediators - metabolism Kinases Muscle Development Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism Muscle, Skeletal - pathology Muscles Musculoskeletal system Neoplasms - complications Pancreatic cancer Pathogenesis Phagocytosis Proteins Proteolysis Quality of life Review Sarcopenia Sarcopenia - etiology Sarcopenia - metabolism Signal Transduction Therapeutic applications Tumor necrosis factor-TNF Tumors |
title | Cancer-Associated Muscle Wasting-Candidate Mechanisms and Molecular Pathways |
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