Site-Specific Amino Acid Distributions Follow a Universal Shape

In many applications of evolutionary inference, a model of protein evolution needs to be fitted to the amino acid variation at individual sites in a multiple sequence alignment. Most existing models fall into one of two extremes: Either they provide a coarse-grained description that lacks biophysica...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of molecular evolution 2020-12, Vol.88 (10), p.731-741
Hauptverfasser: Johnson, Mackenzie M., Wilke, Claus O.
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Wilke, Claus O.
description In many applications of evolutionary inference, a model of protein evolution needs to be fitted to the amino acid variation at individual sites in a multiple sequence alignment. Most existing models fall into one of two extremes: Either they provide a coarse-grained description that lacks biophysical realism (e.g., dN / dS models), or they require a large number of parameters to be fitted (e.g., mutation–selection models). Here, we ask whether a middle ground is possible: Can we obtain a realistic description of site-specific amino acid frequencies while severely restricting the number of free parameters in the model? We show that a distribution with a single free parameter can accurately capture the variation in amino acid frequency at most sites in an alignment, as long as we are willing to restrict our analysis to predicting amino acid frequencies by rank rather than by amino acid identity. This result holds equally well both in alignments of empirical protein sequences and of sequences evolved under a biophysically realistic all-atom force field. Our analysis reveals a near universal shape of the frequency distributions of amino acids. This insight has the potential to lead to new models of evolution that have both increased realism and a limited number of free parameters.
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subjects Alignment
Amino Acid Sequence
Amino Acid Substitution
Amino acids
Amino Acids - genetics
Animal Genetics and Genomics
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Cell Biology
Empirical analysis
Evolution
Evolution, Molecular
Evolutionary Biology
Life Sciences
Mathematical models
Microbiology
Models, Genetic
Mutation
Nucleotide sequence
Original Article
Parameters
Plant Genetics and Genomics
Plant Sciences
Proteins
Realism
Sequence Alignment
title Site-Specific Amino Acid Distributions Follow a Universal Shape
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