Mucosal concentrations of N‐acetyl‐5‐aminosalicylic acid related to endoscopic activity in ulcerative colitis patients with mesalamine
Background and Aim 5‐Aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA) is a fundamental treatment for mild‐to‐moderate ulcerative colitis (UC). 5‐ASA is taken up into the colonic mucosa and metabolized to N‐acetyl‐5‐ASA (Ac‐5‐ASA). Few studies have assessed whether mucosal 5‐ASA and Ac‐5‐ASA concentrations are associated...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology 2020-11, Vol.35 (11), p.1878-1885 |
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| creator | Fukuda, Tomohiro Naganuma, Makoto Takabayashi, Kaoru Hagihara, Yuya Tanemoto, Shun Nomura, Ena Yoshimatsu, Yusuke Sugimoto, Shinya Nanki, Kosaku Mizuno, Shinta Mikami, Yohei Fukuhara, Kayoko Sujino, Tomohisa Mutaguchi, Makoto Inoue, Nagamu Ogata, Haruhiko Iwao, Yasushi Abe, Takayuki Kanai, Takanori |
| description | Background and Aim
5‐Aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA) is a fundamental treatment for mild‐to‐moderate ulcerative colitis (UC). 5‐ASA is taken up into the colonic mucosa and metabolized to N‐acetyl‐5‐ASA (Ac‐5‐ASA). Few studies have assessed whether mucosal 5‐ASA and Ac‐5‐ASA concentrations are associated with endoscopic remission. This study aimed to investigate differences in 5‐ASA and Ac‐5‐ASA concentrations according to endoscopic activity.
Methods
This single‐center, prospective, cross‐sectional study was conducted between March 2018 and February 2019. UC patients who were administered with 5‐ASA medication for at least 8 weeks before sigmoidoscopy were enrolled. Mucosal 5‐ASA and Ac‐5‐ASA concentrations were measured using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. The primary endpoint was defined as the difference in mucosal concentrations of 5‐ASA and Ac‐5‐ASA, according to the Mayo endoscopic subscore (MES).
Results
Mucosal concentrations were analyzed in 50 patients. In the sigmoid colon, the median 5‐ASA concentration in patients with MES of 0 (17.3 ng/mg) was significantly higher than MES ≥ 1 (6.4 ng/mg) (P = 0.019). The median 5‐ASA concentrations in patients with Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity ≤ 1 (16.4 ng/mg) were also significantly higher than in patients with Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity ≥ 2 (4.63 ng/mg) (P = 0.047). In the sigmoid colon, the concentration of Ac‐5‐ASA was higher in patients with MES of 0 (21.2 ng/mg) than in patients with MES ≥ 1 (5.81 ng/mg) (P = 0.022).
Conclusions
The present study showed that mucosal Ac‐5‐ASA concentrations, as well as 5‐ASA concentrations, are higher in UC patients with endoscopic remission. Ac‐5‐ASA may be useful for a biomarker of 5‐ASA efficacy. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/jgh.15059 |
| format | Article |
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5‐Aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA) is a fundamental treatment for mild‐to‐moderate ulcerative colitis (UC). 5‐ASA is taken up into the colonic mucosa and metabolized to N‐acetyl‐5‐ASA (Ac‐5‐ASA). Few studies have assessed whether mucosal 5‐ASA and Ac‐5‐ASA concentrations are associated with endoscopic remission. This study aimed to investigate differences in 5‐ASA and Ac‐5‐ASA concentrations according to endoscopic activity.
Methods
This single‐center, prospective, cross‐sectional study was conducted between March 2018 and February 2019. UC patients who were administered with 5‐ASA medication for at least 8 weeks before sigmoidoscopy were enrolled. Mucosal 5‐ASA and Ac‐5‐ASA concentrations were measured using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. The primary endpoint was defined as the difference in mucosal concentrations of 5‐ASA and Ac‐5‐ASA, according to the Mayo endoscopic subscore (MES).
Results
Mucosal concentrations were analyzed in 50 patients. In the sigmoid colon, the median 5‐ASA concentration in patients with MES of 0 (17.3 ng/mg) was significantly higher than MES ≥ 1 (6.4 ng/mg) (P = 0.019). The median 5‐ASA concentrations in patients with Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity ≤ 1 (16.4 ng/mg) were also significantly higher than in patients with Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity ≥ 2 (4.63 ng/mg) (P = 0.047). In the sigmoid colon, the concentration of Ac‐5‐ASA was higher in patients with MES of 0 (21.2 ng/mg) than in patients with MES ≥ 1 (5.81 ng/mg) (P = 0.022).
Conclusions
The present study showed that mucosal Ac‐5‐ASA concentrations, as well as 5‐ASA concentrations, are higher in UC patients with endoscopic remission. Ac‐5‐ASA may be useful for a biomarker of 5‐ASA efficacy.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0815-9319</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1440-1746</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15059</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32250471</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Australia: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>5‐Aminosalicylic acid ; Adult ; Aminosalicylic Acids - metabolism ; Biomarkers - metabolism ; Clinical Gastroenterology ; Colitis, Ulcerative - diagnosis ; Colitis, Ulcerative - drug therapy ; Colitis, Ulcerative - metabolism ; Colon ; Colon, Sigmoid - metabolism ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Gastroenterology ; Humans ; Inflammatory bowel disease ; Intestinal Mucosa - metabolism ; Liquid chromatography ; Male ; Mass spectroscopy ; Mesalamine - metabolism ; Mesalamine - therapeutic use ; Middle Aged ; Mucosa ; Mucosal concentration ; Prospective Studies ; Remission ; Remission Induction ; Sigmoidoscopy ; Treatment Outcome ; Ulcerative colitis</subject><ispartof>Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology, 2020-11, Vol.35 (11), p.1878-1885</ispartof><rights>2020 The Authors. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology published by Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Foundation and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd</rights><rights>2020 The Authors. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology published by Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Foundation and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.</rights><rights>2020. This article is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4439-daffca357e8aa4481c5262e50a71ee8efc62c9384e262efb1469b99c9a04556a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4439-daffca357e8aa4481c5262e50a71ee8efc62c9384e262efb1469b99c9a04556a3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-4244-3243 ; 0000-0002-6539-5002</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fjgh.15059$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fjgh.15059$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,1411,27903,27904,45553,45554</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32250471$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Fukuda, Tomohiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Naganuma, Makoto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Takabayashi, Kaoru</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hagihara, Yuya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tanemoto, Shun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nomura, Ena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yoshimatsu, Yusuke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sugimoto, Shinya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nanki, Kosaku</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mizuno, Shinta</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mikami, Yohei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fukuhara, Kayoko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sujino, Tomohisa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mutaguchi, Makoto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Inoue, Nagamu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ogata, Haruhiko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Iwao, Yasushi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abe, Takayuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kanai, Takanori</creatorcontrib><title>Mucosal concentrations of N‐acetyl‐5‐aminosalicylic acid related to endoscopic activity in ulcerative colitis patients with mesalamine</title><title>Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology</title><addtitle>J Gastroenterol Hepatol</addtitle><description>Background and Aim
5‐Aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA) is a fundamental treatment for mild‐to‐moderate ulcerative colitis (UC). 5‐ASA is taken up into the colonic mucosa and metabolized to N‐acetyl‐5‐ASA (Ac‐5‐ASA). Few studies have assessed whether mucosal 5‐ASA and Ac‐5‐ASA concentrations are associated with endoscopic remission. This study aimed to investigate differences in 5‐ASA and Ac‐5‐ASA concentrations according to endoscopic activity.
Methods
This single‐center, prospective, cross‐sectional study was conducted between March 2018 and February 2019. UC patients who were administered with 5‐ASA medication for at least 8 weeks before sigmoidoscopy were enrolled. Mucosal 5‐ASA and Ac‐5‐ASA concentrations were measured using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. The primary endpoint was defined as the difference in mucosal concentrations of 5‐ASA and Ac‐5‐ASA, according to the Mayo endoscopic subscore (MES).
Results
Mucosal concentrations were analyzed in 50 patients. In the sigmoid colon, the median 5‐ASA concentration in patients with MES of 0 (17.3 ng/mg) was significantly higher than MES ≥ 1 (6.4 ng/mg) (P = 0.019). The median 5‐ASA concentrations in patients with Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity ≤ 1 (16.4 ng/mg) were also significantly higher than in patients with Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity ≥ 2 (4.63 ng/mg) (P = 0.047). In the sigmoid colon, the concentration of Ac‐5‐ASA was higher in patients with MES of 0 (21.2 ng/mg) than in patients with MES ≥ 1 (5.81 ng/mg) (P = 0.022).
Conclusions
The present study showed that mucosal Ac‐5‐ASA concentrations, as well as 5‐ASA concentrations, are higher in UC patients with endoscopic remission. Ac‐5‐ASA may be useful for a biomarker of 5‐ASA efficacy.</description><subject>5‐Aminosalicylic acid</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aminosalicylic Acids - metabolism</subject><subject>Biomarkers - metabolism</subject><subject>Clinical Gastroenterology</subject><subject>Colitis, Ulcerative - diagnosis</subject><subject>Colitis, Ulcerative - drug therapy</subject><subject>Colitis, Ulcerative - metabolism</subject><subject>Colon</subject><subject>Colon, Sigmoid - metabolism</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Endoscopy</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gastroenterology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Inflammatory bowel disease</subject><subject>Intestinal Mucosa - metabolism</subject><subject>Liquid chromatography</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Mass spectroscopy</subject><subject>Mesalamine - metabolism</subject><subject>Mesalamine - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Mucosa</subject><subject>Mucosal concentration</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Remission</subject><subject>Remission Induction</subject><subject>Sigmoidoscopy</subject><subject>Treatment Outcome</subject><subject>Ulcerative colitis</subject><issn>0815-9319</issn><issn>1440-1746</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>24P</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kc9u1DAQxi1ERZfCgRdAlrjAIa3_JvEFCVWlpSpwgbPldSZdr5x4iZ2tcusDcOAZeRKcplSAhCXLHs9P38z4Q-gFJcc0r5Pt9eaYSiLVI7SiQpCCVqJ8jFakprJQnKpD9DTGLSFEkEo-QYecMUlERVfo-8fRhmg8tqG30KfBJBf6iEOLP_28_WEspMnni5yDzvUz6-yUNzbWNXgAbxI0OAUMfROiDbu7VHJ7lybsejx6C7PqHnIN75KLeJfDXCviG5c2uIOsOWvDM3TQGh_h-f15hL6-P_tyelFcfT7_cPruqrBCcFU0pm2t4bKC2hghamolKxlIYioKUENrS2YVrwXMz-2ailKtlbLKECFlafgRervo7sZ1B80yt9e7wXVmmHQwTv-d6d1GX4e9rsq6YoJngdf3AkP4NkJMunPRgvemhzBGzXhdCp7_mGT01T_oNoxDn8fTTMiasaouWabeLJQdQowDtA_NUKJnj3X2WN95nNmXf3b_QP42NQMnC3DjPEz_V9KX5xeL5C-iVLeS</recordid><startdate>202011</startdate><enddate>202011</enddate><creator>Fukuda, Tomohiro</creator><creator>Naganuma, Makoto</creator><creator>Takabayashi, Kaoru</creator><creator>Hagihara, Yuya</creator><creator>Tanemoto, Shun</creator><creator>Nomura, Ena</creator><creator>Yoshimatsu, Yusuke</creator><creator>Sugimoto, Shinya</creator><creator>Nanki, Kosaku</creator><creator>Mizuno, Shinta</creator><creator>Mikami, Yohei</creator><creator>Fukuhara, Kayoko</creator><creator>Sujino, Tomohisa</creator><creator>Mutaguchi, Makoto</creator><creator>Inoue, Nagamu</creator><creator>Ogata, Haruhiko</creator><creator>Iwao, Yasushi</creator><creator>Abe, Takayuki</creator><creator>Kanai, Takanori</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><general>John Wiley and Sons Inc</general><scope>24P</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4244-3243</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6539-5002</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202011</creationdate><title>Mucosal concentrations of N‐acetyl‐5‐aminosalicylic acid related to endoscopic activity in ulcerative colitis patients with mesalamine</title><author>Fukuda, Tomohiro ; Naganuma, Makoto ; Takabayashi, Kaoru ; Hagihara, Yuya ; Tanemoto, Shun ; Nomura, Ena ; Yoshimatsu, Yusuke ; Sugimoto, Shinya ; Nanki, Kosaku ; Mizuno, Shinta ; Mikami, Yohei ; Fukuhara, Kayoko ; Sujino, Tomohisa ; Mutaguchi, Makoto ; Inoue, Nagamu ; Ogata, Haruhiko ; Iwao, Yasushi ; Abe, Takayuki ; Kanai, Takanori</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4439-daffca357e8aa4481c5262e50a71ee8efc62c9384e262efb1469b99c9a04556a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>5‐Aminosalicylic acid</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aminosalicylic Acids - metabolism</topic><topic>Biomarkers - metabolism</topic><topic>Clinical Gastroenterology</topic><topic>Colitis, Ulcerative - diagnosis</topic><topic>Colitis, Ulcerative - drug therapy</topic><topic>Colitis, Ulcerative - metabolism</topic><topic>Colon</topic><topic>Colon, Sigmoid - metabolism</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Endoscopy</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gastroenterology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Inflammatory bowel disease</topic><topic>Intestinal Mucosa - metabolism</topic><topic>Liquid chromatography</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Mass spectroscopy</topic><topic>Mesalamine - metabolism</topic><topic>Mesalamine - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Mucosa</topic><topic>Mucosal concentration</topic><topic>Prospective Studies</topic><topic>Remission</topic><topic>Remission Induction</topic><topic>Sigmoidoscopy</topic><topic>Treatment Outcome</topic><topic>Ulcerative colitis</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Fukuda, Tomohiro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Naganuma, Makoto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Takabayashi, Kaoru</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hagihara, Yuya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tanemoto, Shun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nomura, Ena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yoshimatsu, Yusuke</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sugimoto, Shinya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nanki, Kosaku</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mizuno, Shinta</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mikami, Yohei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fukuhara, Kayoko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sujino, Tomohisa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mutaguchi, Makoto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Inoue, Nagamu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ogata, Haruhiko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Iwao, Yasushi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abe, Takayuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kanai, Takanori</creatorcontrib><collection>Wiley Online Library Open Access</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Fukuda, Tomohiro</au><au>Naganuma, Makoto</au><au>Takabayashi, Kaoru</au><au>Hagihara, Yuya</au><au>Tanemoto, Shun</au><au>Nomura, Ena</au><au>Yoshimatsu, Yusuke</au><au>Sugimoto, Shinya</au><au>Nanki, Kosaku</au><au>Mizuno, Shinta</au><au>Mikami, Yohei</au><au>Fukuhara, Kayoko</au><au>Sujino, Tomohisa</au><au>Mutaguchi, Makoto</au><au>Inoue, Nagamu</au><au>Ogata, Haruhiko</au><au>Iwao, Yasushi</au><au>Abe, Takayuki</au><au>Kanai, Takanori</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Mucosal concentrations of N‐acetyl‐5‐aminosalicylic acid related to endoscopic activity in ulcerative colitis patients with mesalamine</atitle><jtitle>Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology</jtitle><addtitle>J Gastroenterol Hepatol</addtitle><date>2020-11</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>35</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>1878</spage><epage>1885</epage><pages>1878-1885</pages><issn>0815-9319</issn><eissn>1440-1746</eissn><abstract>Background and Aim
5‐Aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA) is a fundamental treatment for mild‐to‐moderate ulcerative colitis (UC). 5‐ASA is taken up into the colonic mucosa and metabolized to N‐acetyl‐5‐ASA (Ac‐5‐ASA). Few studies have assessed whether mucosal 5‐ASA and Ac‐5‐ASA concentrations are associated with endoscopic remission. This study aimed to investigate differences in 5‐ASA and Ac‐5‐ASA concentrations according to endoscopic activity.
Methods
This single‐center, prospective, cross‐sectional study was conducted between March 2018 and February 2019. UC patients who were administered with 5‐ASA medication for at least 8 weeks before sigmoidoscopy were enrolled. Mucosal 5‐ASA and Ac‐5‐ASA concentrations were measured using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. The primary endpoint was defined as the difference in mucosal concentrations of 5‐ASA and Ac‐5‐ASA, according to the Mayo endoscopic subscore (MES).
Results
Mucosal concentrations were analyzed in 50 patients. In the sigmoid colon, the median 5‐ASA concentration in patients with MES of 0 (17.3 ng/mg) was significantly higher than MES ≥ 1 (6.4 ng/mg) (P = 0.019). The median 5‐ASA concentrations in patients with Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity ≤ 1 (16.4 ng/mg) were also significantly higher than in patients with Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity ≥ 2 (4.63 ng/mg) (P = 0.047). In the sigmoid colon, the concentration of Ac‐5‐ASA was higher in patients with MES of 0 (21.2 ng/mg) than in patients with MES ≥ 1 (5.81 ng/mg) (P = 0.022).
Conclusions
The present study showed that mucosal Ac‐5‐ASA concentrations, as well as 5‐ASA concentrations, are higher in UC patients with endoscopic remission. Ac‐5‐ASA may be useful for a biomarker of 5‐ASA efficacy.</abstract><cop>Australia</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><pmid>32250471</pmid><doi>10.1111/jgh.15059</doi><tpages>8</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4244-3243</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6539-5002</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
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| ispartof | Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology, 2020-11, Vol.35 (11), p.1878-1885 |
| issn | 0815-9319 1440-1746 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete |
| subjects | 5‐Aminosalicylic acid Adult Aminosalicylic Acids - metabolism Biomarkers - metabolism Clinical Gastroenterology Colitis, Ulcerative - diagnosis Colitis, Ulcerative - drug therapy Colitis, Ulcerative - metabolism Colon Colon, Sigmoid - metabolism Cross-Sectional Studies Endoscopy Female Gastroenterology Humans Inflammatory bowel disease Intestinal Mucosa - metabolism Liquid chromatography Male Mass spectroscopy Mesalamine - metabolism Mesalamine - therapeutic use Middle Aged Mucosa Mucosal concentration Prospective Studies Remission Remission Induction Sigmoidoscopy Treatment Outcome Ulcerative colitis |
| title | Mucosal concentrations of N‐acetyl‐5‐aminosalicylic acid related to endoscopic activity in ulcerative colitis patients with mesalamine |
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