An acceleration of microwave-assisted transesterification of palm oil-based methyl ester into trimethylolpropane ester
Microwave-assisted synthesis is known to accelerate the transesterification process and address the issues associated with the conventional thermal process, such as the processing time and the energy input requirement. Herein, the effect of microwave irradiation on the transesterification of palm oi...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Scientific reports 2020-11, Vol.10 (1), p.19652-19652, Article 19652 |
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| creator | Aziz, Nur Atiqah Mohamad Yunus, Robiah Hamid, Hamidah Abd Ghassan, Alsultan Abdul Kareem Omar, Rozita Rashid, Umer Abbas, Zulkifly |
| description | Microwave-assisted synthesis is known to accelerate the transesterification process and address the issues associated with the conventional thermal process, such as the processing time and the energy input requirement. Herein, the effect of microwave irradiation on the transesterification of palm oil methyl ester (PME) with trimethylolpropane (TMP) was evaluated. The reaction system was investigated through five process parameters, which were reaction temperature, catalyst, time, molar ratio of TMP to PME and vacuum pressure. The yield of TMP triester at 66.9 wt.% and undesirable fatty soap at 17.4% were obtained at 130 °C, 10 mbar, sodium methoxide solution at 0.6 wt.%, 10 min reaction time and molar ratio of TMP to PME at 1:4. The transesterification of palm oil-based methyl ester to trimethylolpropane ester was 3.1 folds faster in the presence of microwave irradiation. The total energy requirement was markedly reduced as compared to the conventional heating method. The findings indicate that microwave-assisted transesterification could probably be an answer to the quest for a cheaper biodegradable biolubricant. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/s41598-020-76775-y |
| format | Article |
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Herein, the effect of microwave irradiation on the transesterification of palm oil methyl ester (PME) with trimethylolpropane (TMP) was evaluated. The reaction system was investigated through five process parameters, which were reaction temperature, catalyst, time, molar ratio of TMP to PME and vacuum pressure. The yield of TMP triester at 66.9 wt.% and undesirable fatty soap at 17.4% were obtained at 130 °C, 10 mbar, sodium methoxide solution at 0.6 wt.%, 10 min reaction time and molar ratio of TMP to PME at 1:4. The transesterification of palm oil-based methyl ester to trimethylolpropane ester was 3.1 folds faster in the presence of microwave irradiation. The total energy requirement was markedly reduced as compared to the conventional heating method. The findings indicate that microwave-assisted transesterification could probably be an answer to the quest for a cheaper biodegradable biolubricant.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2045-2322</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2045-2322</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76775-y</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33184363</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Nature Publishing Group UK</publisher><subject>639/166/898 ; 639/638/549/908 ; 639/638/898 ; Biodegradability ; Biodegradation ; Catalysts ; Humanities and Social Sciences ; Irradiation ; multidisciplinary ; Palm oil ; Science ; Science (multidisciplinary) ; Vegetable oils</subject><ispartof>Scientific reports, 2020-11, Vol.10 (1), p.19652-19652, Article 19652</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2020</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2020. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). 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Herein, the effect of microwave irradiation on the transesterification of palm oil methyl ester (PME) with trimethylolpropane (TMP) was evaluated. The reaction system was investigated through five process parameters, which were reaction temperature, catalyst, time, molar ratio of TMP to PME and vacuum pressure. The yield of TMP triester at 66.9 wt.% and undesirable fatty soap at 17.4% were obtained at 130 °C, 10 mbar, sodium methoxide solution at 0.6 wt.%, 10 min reaction time and molar ratio of TMP to PME at 1:4. The transesterification of palm oil-based methyl ester to trimethylolpropane ester was 3.1 folds faster in the presence of microwave irradiation. The total energy requirement was markedly reduced as compared to the conventional heating method. The findings indicate that microwave-assisted transesterification could probably be an answer to the quest for a cheaper biodegradable biolubricant.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group UK</pub><pmid>33184363</pmid><doi>10.1038/s41598-020-76775-y</doi><tpages>1</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | 639/166/898 639/638/549/908 639/638/898 Biodegradability Biodegradation Catalysts Humanities and Social Sciences Irradiation multidisciplinary Palm oil Science Science (multidisciplinary) Vegetable oils |
| title | An acceleration of microwave-assisted transesterification of palm oil-based methyl ester into trimethylolpropane ester |
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