Silent zero TE MR neuroimaging: Current state-of-the-art and future directions

[Display omitted] •Describes why ZTE pulse sequences are silent.•How to generate strong contrast with ZTE via magnetisation preparation.•Examples of PD, T1, T2, T2*, MT, MRA and DWI contrast.•Reviews the benefits of silent ZTE acquisitions in clinical applications. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) s...

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Veröffentlicht in:Progress in nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy 2021-04, Vol.123, p.73-93
Hauptverfasser: Ljungberg, Emil, Damestani, Nikou L., Wood, Tobias C., Lythgoe, David J., Zelaya, Fernando, Williams, Steven C.R., Solana, Ana Beatriz, Barker, Gareth J., Wiesinger, Florian
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container_end_page 93
container_issue
container_start_page 73
container_title Progress in nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
container_volume 123
creator Ljungberg, Emil
Damestani, Nikou L.
Wood, Tobias C.
Lythgoe, David J.
Zelaya, Fernando
Williams, Steven C.R.
Solana, Ana Beatriz
Barker, Gareth J.
Wiesinger, Florian
description [Display omitted] •Describes why ZTE pulse sequences are silent.•How to generate strong contrast with ZTE via magnetisation preparation.•Examples of PD, T1, T2, T2*, MT, MRA and DWI contrast.•Reviews the benefits of silent ZTE acquisitions in clinical applications. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scanners produce loud acoustic noise originating from vibrational Lorentz forces induced by rapidly changing currents in the magnetic field gradient coils. Using zero echo time (ZTE) MRI pulse sequences, gradient switching can be reduced to a minimum, which enables near silent operation.Besides silent MRI, ZTE offers further interesting characteristics, including a nominal echo time of TE = 0 (thus capturing short-lived signals from MR tissues which are otherwise MR-invisible), 3D radial sampling (providing motion robustness), and ultra-short repetition times (providing fast and efficient scanning).In this work we describe the main concepts behind ZTE imaging with a focus on conceptual understanding of the imaging sequences, relevant acquisition parameters, commonly observed image artefacts, and image contrasts. We will further describe a range of methods for anatomical and functional neuroimaging, together with recommendations for successful implementation.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2021.03.002
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subjects Neuroimaging
Silent MRI
Zero Echo Time (ZTE)
title Silent zero TE MR neuroimaging: Current state-of-the-art and future directions
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