Electrocorticographic patterns dominated by low-frequency waves in camphor-induced seizures
Camphor is an aromatic terpene compound found in the essential oils of many plants, which has been used for centuries as a herbal medicine, especially in children. However, many studies have shown that camphor may have major side effects, including neurological manifestation, such as seizures. In th...
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creator | Ferreira, Luan Oliveira de Souza, Rafael Dias de Araújo Silva, Fabrício Costa, Francisco Fabrizio Moraes Farias, Rômulo Augusto Feio Hamoy, Akira Otake de Mello, Vanessa Jóia Lopes, Dielly Catrina Favacho Hamoy, Moisés |
description | Camphor is an aromatic terpene compound found in the essential oils of many plants, which has been used for centuries as a herbal medicine, especially in children. However, many studies have shown that camphor may have major side effects, including neurological manifestation, such as seizures. In the present study, we investigated the electrocorticographic patterns of seizures induced by camphor in male adult Wistar rats. Each rat received 400 mg/kg (i.p.) of camphor prior to monitoring by electrocorticography. The application of camphor resulted a rapid evolution to seizure and marked changes in the electrocorticographic readings, which presented characteristics of epileptiform activity, with an increase in the total power wave. The decomposition of the cerebral waves revealed an increase in the delta and theta waves. The analysis of the camphor traces revealed severe ictal activity marked by an increase in the polyspike wave. Our data thus indicate that camphor may cause seizures, leading to tonic–clonic seizures. Clearly, further studies are necessary to better elucidate the mechanisms through which camphor acts on the brain, and to propose potential treatments with anticonvulsant drugs that are effective for the control of the seizures. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1038/s41598-020-75309-w |
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However, many studies have shown that camphor may have major side effects, including neurological manifestation, such as seizures. In the present study, we investigated the electrocorticographic patterns of seizures induced by camphor in male adult Wistar rats. Each rat received 400 mg/kg (i.p.) of camphor prior to monitoring by electrocorticography. The application of camphor resulted a rapid evolution to seizure and marked changes in the electrocorticographic readings, which presented characteristics of epileptiform activity, with an increase in the total power wave. The decomposition of the cerebral waves revealed an increase in the delta and theta waves. The analysis of the camphor traces revealed severe ictal activity marked by an increase in the polyspike wave. Our data thus indicate that camphor may cause seizures, leading to tonic–clonic seizures. Clearly, further studies are necessary to better elucidate the mechanisms through which camphor acts on the brain, and to propose potential treatments with anticonvulsant drugs that are effective for the control of the seizures.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2045-2322</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2045-2322</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75309-w</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33106574</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Nature Publishing Group UK</publisher><subject>631/378 ; 631/378/1689 ; 631/378/1689/178 ; Animals ; Annual reports ; Anti-Infective Agents, Local - toxicity ; Anticonvulsants ; Brain - drug effects ; Brain - pathology ; Camphor ; Camphor - toxicity ; Convulsions & seizures ; Decomposition ; Delta Rhythm ; Drug dosages ; Electrocorticography - methods ; Epilepsy ; Essential oils ; Herbal medicine ; Humanities and Social Sciences ; Male ; Medicinal plants ; multidisciplinary ; Oils & fats ; Poisoning ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Science ; Science (multidisciplinary) ; Seizures ; Seizures - chemically induced ; Seizures - pathology ; Side effects ; Software ; Theta Rhythm</subject><ispartof>Scientific reports, 2020-10, Vol.10 (1), p.18222, Article 18222</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2020</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2020. 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However, many studies have shown that camphor may have major side effects, including neurological manifestation, such as seizures. In the present study, we investigated the electrocorticographic patterns of seizures induced by camphor in male adult Wistar rats. Each rat received 400 mg/kg (i.p.) of camphor prior to monitoring by electrocorticography. The application of camphor resulted a rapid evolution to seizure and marked changes in the electrocorticographic readings, which presented characteristics of epileptiform activity, with an increase in the total power wave. The decomposition of the cerebral waves revealed an increase in the delta and theta waves. The analysis of the camphor traces revealed severe ictal activity marked by an increase in the polyspike wave. Our data thus indicate that camphor may cause seizures, leading to tonic–clonic seizures. Clearly, further studies are necessary to better elucidate the mechanisms through which camphor acts on the brain, and to propose potential treatments with anticonvulsant drugs that are effective for the control of the seizures.</description><subject>631/378</subject><subject>631/378/1689</subject><subject>631/378/1689/178</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Annual reports</subject><subject>Anti-Infective Agents, Local - toxicity</subject><subject>Anticonvulsants</subject><subject>Brain - drug effects</subject><subject>Brain - pathology</subject><subject>Camphor</subject><subject>Camphor - toxicity</subject><subject>Convulsions & seizures</subject><subject>Decomposition</subject><subject>Delta Rhythm</subject><subject>Drug dosages</subject><subject>Electrocorticography - methods</subject><subject>Epilepsy</subject><subject>Essential oils</subject><subject>Herbal medicine</subject><subject>Humanities and Social Sciences</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicinal plants</subject><subject>multidisciplinary</subject><subject>Oils & fats</subject><subject>Poisoning</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rats, Wistar</subject><subject>Science</subject><subject>Science (multidisciplinary)</subject><subject>Seizures</subject><subject>Seizures - 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However, many studies have shown that camphor may have major side effects, including neurological manifestation, such as seizures. In the present study, we investigated the electrocorticographic patterns of seizures induced by camphor in male adult Wistar rats. Each rat received 400 mg/kg (i.p.) of camphor prior to monitoring by electrocorticography. The application of camphor resulted a rapid evolution to seizure and marked changes in the electrocorticographic readings, which presented characteristics of epileptiform activity, with an increase in the total power wave. The decomposition of the cerebral waves revealed an increase in the delta and theta waves. The analysis of the camphor traces revealed severe ictal activity marked by an increase in the polyspike wave. Our data thus indicate that camphor may cause seizures, leading to tonic–clonic seizures. Clearly, further studies are necessary to better elucidate the mechanisms through which camphor acts on the brain, and to propose potential treatments with anticonvulsant drugs that are effective for the control of the seizures.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group UK</pub><pmid>33106574</pmid><doi>10.1038/s41598-020-75309-w</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | 631/378 631/378/1689 631/378/1689/178 Animals Annual reports Anti-Infective Agents, Local - toxicity Anticonvulsants Brain - drug effects Brain - pathology Camphor Camphor - toxicity Convulsions & seizures Decomposition Delta Rhythm Drug dosages Electrocorticography - methods Epilepsy Essential oils Herbal medicine Humanities and Social Sciences Male Medicinal plants multidisciplinary Oils & fats Poisoning Rats Rats, Wistar Science Science (multidisciplinary) Seizures Seizures - chemically induced Seizures - pathology Side effects Software Theta Rhythm |
title | Electrocorticographic patterns dominated by low-frequency waves in camphor-induced seizures |
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