Landscape impacts of 3D-seismic surveys in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska

Although three-dimensional (3D) seismic surveys have improved the success rate of exploratory drilling for oil and gas, the impacts have received little scientific scrutiny, despite affecting more area than any other oil and gas activity. To aid policy-makers and scientists, we reviewed studies of t...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Ecological applications 2020-10, Vol.30 (7), p.1-20
Hauptverfasser:	Raynolds, Martha K., Jorgenson, Janet C., Jorgenson, M. Torre, Kanevskiy, Mikhail, Liljedahl, Anna K., Nolan, Matthew, Sturm, Matthew, Walker, Donald A.
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	1002 Area 3D seismic Alaska Arctic National Wildlife Refuge Arctic Regions Camps Climate change Climate effects cumulative impacts Drilling Earthquake damage Exploratory drilling Global warming Ground ice Heavy vehicles Hydrology ice‐rich permafrost Industrial development Landscape oil and gas exploration Permafrost Polar environments Rainfall Regulations Seismic exploration Seismic surveys Snow Snow cover Topography Traffic Trails Tundra Vegetation Vehicles Wildlife Wildlife conservation Wildlife refuges Wildlife sanctuaries Winter
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