A Phase IIa Controlled Human Malaria Infection and Immunogenicity Study of RTS,S/AS01E and RTS,S/AS01B Delayed Fractional Dose Regimens in Malaria-Naive Adults
Abstract Background A previous RTS,S/AS01B vaccine challenge trial demonstrated that a 3-dose (0-1-7–month) regimen with a fractional third dose can produce high vaccine efficacy (VE) in adults challenged 3 weeks after vaccination. This study explored the VE of different delayed fractional dose regi...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The Journal of infectious diseases 2020-10, Vol.222 (10), p.1681-1691 |
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| creator | Moon, James E Ockenhouse, Christian Regules, Jason A Vekemans, Johan Lee, Cynthia Chuang, Ilin Traskine, Magali Jongert, Erik Ivinson, Karen Morelle, Danielle Komisar, Jack L Lievens, Marc Sedegah, Martha Garver, Lindsey S Sikaffy, April K Waters, Norman C Ballou, William Ripley Ofori-Anyinam, Opokua |
| description | Abstract
Background
A previous RTS,S/AS01B vaccine challenge trial demonstrated that a 3-dose (0-1-7–month) regimen with a fractional third dose can produce high vaccine efficacy (VE) in adults challenged 3 weeks after vaccination. This study explored the VE of different delayed fractional dose regimens of adult and pediatric RTS,S/AS01 formulations.
Methods
A total of 130 participants were randomized into 5 groups. Four groups received 3 doses of RTS,S/AS01B or RTS,S/AS01E on a 0-1-7–month schedule, with the final 1 or 2 doses being fractional (one-fifth dose volume). One group received 1 full (month 0) and 1 fractional (month 7) dose of RTS,S/AS01E. Immunized and unvaccinated control participants underwent Plasmodium falciparum–infected mosquito challenge (controlled human malaria infection) 3 months after immunization, a timing chosen to potentially discriminate VEs between groups.
Results
The VE of 3-dose formulations ranged from 55% (95% confidence interval, 27%–72%) to 76% (48%–89%). Groups administered equivalent formulations of RTS,S/AS01E and RTS,S/AS01B demonstrated comparable VE. The 2-dose group demonstrated lower VE (29% [95% confidence interval, 6%–46%]). All regimens were well tolerated and immunogenic, with trends toward higher anti-circumsporozoite antibody titers in participants protected against infection.
Conclusions
RTS,S/AS01E can provide VE comparable to an equivalent RTS,S/AS01B regimen in adults, suggesting a universal formulation may be considered. Results also suggest that the 2-dose regimen is inferior to the 3-dose regimens evaluated.
Clinical Trial Registration
NCT03162614
We explored the ability of different delayed fractional dose-regimens of RTS,S/AS01-formulations to increase vaccine efficacy using CHMI. The pediatric RTS,S/AS01E-formulation was comparably efficacious with an equivalent RTS,S/AS01B regimen in adults. The two-dose regimen evaluated was inferior to the three-dose regimens. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/infdis/jiaa421 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_7552430</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><oup_id>10.1093/infdis/jiaa421</oup_id><sourcerecordid>2476870538</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3671-76043d4b1d7cef409b26cd26f0ef1e3ac6d21fdfa2634c422597166e3dd7aba43</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFkctuEzEYhS0EoqGwZYkssQGJaXyZ8WQ2SCFtaaRyUVPW1h9fUkceO4xnKuVp-qp1mxAuG1aW5c-fff6D0GtKTihp-NgFq10arx1AyegTNKIVrwshKH-KRoQwVtBJ0xyhFymtCSElF_VzdMSZmNRU0BG6m-LvN5AMns8Bz2Lou-i90fhiaCHgL-Chc4DnwRrVuxgwBI3nbTuEuDLBKddv8aIf9BZHi6-uFx8W4-mC0LNH7vf-Ez41HrbZe97Bowg8Po352Suzcq0JCbvDa8VXcLcGT_Xg-_QSPbPgk3m1X4_Rj_Oz69lFcfnt83w2vSxUTkSLWuRoulxSXStjS9IsmVCaCUuMpYaDEppRqy0wwUtVMlY1Ob8wXOsallDyY_Rx590My9ZoZfIkwMtN51rotjKCk3-fBHcjV_FW1lXFSk6y4N1e0MWfg0m9bF1SxnsIJg5JspJVVUPKpsro23_QdRy6PJIHqs7NkIpPMnWyo1QXU-qMPXyGEvnQvdx1L_fd5wtv_oxwwH-VnYH3OyAOm__J7gEkjbqD</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2476870538</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>A Phase IIa Controlled Human Malaria Infection and Immunogenicity Study of RTS,S/AS01E and RTS,S/AS01B Delayed Fractional Dose Regimens in Malaria-Naive Adults</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current)</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><creator>Moon, James E ; Ockenhouse, Christian ; Regules, Jason A ; Vekemans, Johan ; Lee, Cynthia ; Chuang, Ilin ; Traskine, Magali ; Jongert, Erik ; Ivinson, Karen ; Morelle, Danielle ; Komisar, Jack L ; Lievens, Marc ; Sedegah, Martha ; Garver, Lindsey S ; Sikaffy, April K ; Waters, Norman C ; Ballou, William Ripley ; Ofori-Anyinam, Opokua</creator><creatorcontrib>Moon, James E ; Ockenhouse, Christian ; Regules, Jason A ; Vekemans, Johan ; Lee, Cynthia ; Chuang, Ilin ; Traskine, Magali ; Jongert, Erik ; Ivinson, Karen ; Morelle, Danielle ; Komisar, Jack L ; Lievens, Marc ; Sedegah, Martha ; Garver, Lindsey S ; Sikaffy, April K ; Waters, Norman C ; Ballou, William Ripley ; Ofori-Anyinam, Opokua ; RTS,S Malaria Vaccine Working Group</creatorcontrib><description>Abstract
Background
A previous RTS,S/AS01B vaccine challenge trial demonstrated that a 3-dose (0-1-7–month) regimen with a fractional third dose can produce high vaccine efficacy (VE) in adults challenged 3 weeks after vaccination. This study explored the VE of different delayed fractional dose regimens of adult and pediatric RTS,S/AS01 formulations.
Methods
A total of 130 participants were randomized into 5 groups. Four groups received 3 doses of RTS,S/AS01B or RTS,S/AS01E on a 0-1-7–month schedule, with the final 1 or 2 doses being fractional (one-fifth dose volume). One group received 1 full (month 0) and 1 fractional (month 7) dose of RTS,S/AS01E. Immunized and unvaccinated control participants underwent Plasmodium falciparum–infected mosquito challenge (controlled human malaria infection) 3 months after immunization, a timing chosen to potentially discriminate VEs between groups.
Results
The VE of 3-dose formulations ranged from 55% (95% confidence interval, 27%–72%) to 76% (48%–89%). Groups administered equivalent formulations of RTS,S/AS01E and RTS,S/AS01B demonstrated comparable VE. The 2-dose group demonstrated lower VE (29% [95% confidence interval, 6%–46%]). All regimens were well tolerated and immunogenic, with trends toward higher anti-circumsporozoite antibody titers in participants protected against infection.
Conclusions
RTS,S/AS01E can provide VE comparable to an equivalent RTS,S/AS01B regimen in adults, suggesting a universal formulation may be considered. Results also suggest that the 2-dose regimen is inferior to the 3-dose regimens evaluated.
Clinical Trial Registration
NCT03162614
We explored the ability of different delayed fractional dose-regimens of RTS,S/AS01-formulations to increase vaccine efficacy using CHMI. The pediatric RTS,S/AS01E-formulation was comparably efficacious with an equivalent RTS,S/AS01B regimen in adults. The two-dose regimen evaluated was inferior to the three-dose regimens.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-1899</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1537-6613</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa421</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32687161</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>US: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Circumsporozoite protein ; Confidence intervals ; Editor's Choice ; Female ; Humans ; Immunization Schedule ; Immunogenicity ; Infection Control ; Infections ; Major and Brief Reports ; Malaria ; Malaria - immunology ; Malaria - prevention & control ; Malaria Vaccines - administration & dosage ; Malaria Vaccines - immunology ; Malaria, Falciparum - immunology ; Malaria, Falciparum - prevention & control ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pediatrics ; Plasmodium falciparum ; Plasmodium falciparum - immunology ; Vaccination ; Vaccine efficacy ; Vaccines ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>The Journal of infectious diseases, 2020-10, Vol.222 (10), p.1681-1691</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. 2020</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3671-76043d4b1d7cef409b26cd26f0ef1e3ac6d21fdfa2634c422597166e3dd7aba43</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3671-76043d4b1d7cef409b26cd26f0ef1e3ac6d21fdfa2634c422597166e3dd7aba43</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-9274-4554</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,1578,27903,27904</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32687161$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Moon, James E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ockenhouse, Christian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Regules, Jason A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vekemans, Johan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Cynthia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chuang, Ilin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Traskine, Magali</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jongert, Erik</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ivinson, Karen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Morelle, Danielle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Komisar, Jack L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lievens, Marc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sedegah, Martha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Garver, Lindsey S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sikaffy, April K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Waters, Norman C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ballou, William Ripley</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ofori-Anyinam, Opokua</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>RTS,S Malaria Vaccine Working Group</creatorcontrib><title>A Phase IIa Controlled Human Malaria Infection and Immunogenicity Study of RTS,S/AS01E and RTS,S/AS01B Delayed Fractional Dose Regimens in Malaria-Naive Adults</title><title>The Journal of infectious diseases</title><addtitle>J Infect Dis</addtitle><description>Abstract
Background
A previous RTS,S/AS01B vaccine challenge trial demonstrated that a 3-dose (0-1-7–month) regimen with a fractional third dose can produce high vaccine efficacy (VE) in adults challenged 3 weeks after vaccination. This study explored the VE of different delayed fractional dose regimens of adult and pediatric RTS,S/AS01 formulations.
Methods
A total of 130 participants were randomized into 5 groups. Four groups received 3 doses of RTS,S/AS01B or RTS,S/AS01E on a 0-1-7–month schedule, with the final 1 or 2 doses being fractional (one-fifth dose volume). One group received 1 full (month 0) and 1 fractional (month 7) dose of RTS,S/AS01E. Immunized and unvaccinated control participants underwent Plasmodium falciparum–infected mosquito challenge (controlled human malaria infection) 3 months after immunization, a timing chosen to potentially discriminate VEs between groups.
Results
The VE of 3-dose formulations ranged from 55% (95% confidence interval, 27%–72%) to 76% (48%–89%). Groups administered equivalent formulations of RTS,S/AS01E and RTS,S/AS01B demonstrated comparable VE. The 2-dose group demonstrated lower VE (29% [95% confidence interval, 6%–46%]). All regimens were well tolerated and immunogenic, with trends toward higher anti-circumsporozoite antibody titers in participants protected against infection.
Conclusions
RTS,S/AS01E can provide VE comparable to an equivalent RTS,S/AS01B regimen in adults, suggesting a universal formulation may be considered. Results also suggest that the 2-dose regimen is inferior to the 3-dose regimens evaluated.
Clinical Trial Registration
NCT03162614
We explored the ability of different delayed fractional dose-regimens of RTS,S/AS01-formulations to increase vaccine efficacy using CHMI. The pediatric RTS,S/AS01E-formulation was comparably efficacious with an equivalent RTS,S/AS01B regimen in adults. The two-dose regimen evaluated was inferior to the three-dose regimens.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Circumsporozoite protein</subject><subject>Confidence intervals</subject><subject>Editor's Choice</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunization Schedule</subject><subject>Immunogenicity</subject><subject>Infection Control</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Major and Brief Reports</subject><subject>Malaria</subject><subject>Malaria - immunology</subject><subject>Malaria - prevention & control</subject><subject>Malaria Vaccines - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Malaria Vaccines - immunology</subject><subject>Malaria, Falciparum - immunology</subject><subject>Malaria, Falciparum - prevention & control</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Pediatrics</subject><subject>Plasmodium falciparum</subject><subject>Plasmodium falciparum - immunology</subject><subject>Vaccination</subject><subject>Vaccine efficacy</subject><subject>Vaccines</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0022-1899</issn><issn>1537-6613</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>TOX</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkctuEzEYhS0EoqGwZYkssQGJaXyZ8WQ2SCFtaaRyUVPW1h9fUkceO4xnKuVp-qp1mxAuG1aW5c-fff6D0GtKTihp-NgFq10arx1AyegTNKIVrwshKH-KRoQwVtBJ0xyhFymtCSElF_VzdMSZmNRU0BG6m-LvN5AMns8Bz2Lou-i90fhiaCHgL-Chc4DnwRrVuxgwBI3nbTuEuDLBKddv8aIf9BZHi6-uFx8W4-mC0LNH7vf-Ez41HrbZe97Bowg8Po352Suzcq0JCbvDa8VXcLcGT_Xg-_QSPbPgk3m1X4_Rj_Oz69lFcfnt83w2vSxUTkSLWuRoulxSXStjS9IsmVCaCUuMpYaDEppRqy0wwUtVMlY1Ob8wXOsallDyY_Rx590My9ZoZfIkwMtN51rotjKCk3-fBHcjV_FW1lXFSk6y4N1e0MWfg0m9bF1SxnsIJg5JspJVVUPKpsro23_QdRy6PJIHqs7NkIpPMnWyo1QXU-qMPXyGEvnQvdx1L_fd5wtv_oxwwH-VnYH3OyAOm__J7gEkjbqD</recordid><startdate>20201013</startdate><enddate>20201013</enddate><creator>Moon, James E</creator><creator>Ockenhouse, Christian</creator><creator>Regules, Jason A</creator><creator>Vekemans, Johan</creator><creator>Lee, Cynthia</creator><creator>Chuang, Ilin</creator><creator>Traskine, Magali</creator><creator>Jongert, Erik</creator><creator>Ivinson, Karen</creator><creator>Morelle, Danielle</creator><creator>Komisar, Jack L</creator><creator>Lievens, Marc</creator><creator>Sedegah, Martha</creator><creator>Garver, Lindsey S</creator><creator>Sikaffy, April K</creator><creator>Waters, Norman C</creator><creator>Ballou, William Ripley</creator><creator>Ofori-Anyinam, Opokua</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>TOX</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9274-4554</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20201013</creationdate><title>A Phase IIa Controlled Human Malaria Infection and Immunogenicity Study of RTS,S/AS01E and RTS,S/AS01B Delayed Fractional Dose Regimens in Malaria-Naive Adults</title><author>Moon, James E ; Ockenhouse, Christian ; Regules, Jason A ; Vekemans, Johan ; Lee, Cynthia ; Chuang, Ilin ; Traskine, Magali ; Jongert, Erik ; Ivinson, Karen ; Morelle, Danielle ; Komisar, Jack L ; Lievens, Marc ; Sedegah, Martha ; Garver, Lindsey S ; Sikaffy, April K ; Waters, Norman C ; Ballou, William Ripley ; Ofori-Anyinam, Opokua</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3671-76043d4b1d7cef409b26cd26f0ef1e3ac6d21fdfa2634c422597166e3dd7aba43</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Circumsporozoite protein</topic><topic>Confidence intervals</topic><topic>Editor's Choice</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immunization Schedule</topic><topic>Immunogenicity</topic><topic>Infection Control</topic><topic>Infections</topic><topic>Major and Brief Reports</topic><topic>Malaria</topic><topic>Malaria - immunology</topic><topic>Malaria - prevention & control</topic><topic>Malaria Vaccines - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Malaria Vaccines - immunology</topic><topic>Malaria, Falciparum - immunology</topic><topic>Malaria, Falciparum - prevention & control</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Pediatrics</topic><topic>Plasmodium falciparum</topic><topic>Plasmodium falciparum - immunology</topic><topic>Vaccination</topic><topic>Vaccine efficacy</topic><topic>Vaccines</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Moon, James E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ockenhouse, Christian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Regules, Jason A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vekemans, Johan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Cynthia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chuang, Ilin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Traskine, Magali</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jongert, Erik</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ivinson, Karen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Morelle, Danielle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Komisar, Jack L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lievens, Marc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sedegah, Martha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Garver, Lindsey S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sikaffy, April K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Waters, Norman C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ballou, William Ripley</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ofori-Anyinam, Opokua</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>RTS,S Malaria Vaccine Working Group</creatorcontrib><collection>Oxford Journals Open Access Collection</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>The Journal of infectious diseases</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Moon, James E</au><au>Ockenhouse, Christian</au><au>Regules, Jason A</au><au>Vekemans, Johan</au><au>Lee, Cynthia</au><au>Chuang, Ilin</au><au>Traskine, Magali</au><au>Jongert, Erik</au><au>Ivinson, Karen</au><au>Morelle, Danielle</au><au>Komisar, Jack L</au><au>Lievens, Marc</au><au>Sedegah, Martha</au><au>Garver, Lindsey S</au><au>Sikaffy, April K</au><au>Waters, Norman C</au><au>Ballou, William Ripley</au><au>Ofori-Anyinam, Opokua</au><aucorp>RTS,S Malaria Vaccine Working Group</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A Phase IIa Controlled Human Malaria Infection and Immunogenicity Study of RTS,S/AS01E and RTS,S/AS01B Delayed Fractional Dose Regimens in Malaria-Naive Adults</atitle><jtitle>The Journal of infectious diseases</jtitle><addtitle>J Infect Dis</addtitle><date>2020-10-13</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>222</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>1681</spage><epage>1691</epage><pages>1681-1691</pages><issn>0022-1899</issn><eissn>1537-6613</eissn><abstract>Abstract
Background
A previous RTS,S/AS01B vaccine challenge trial demonstrated that a 3-dose (0-1-7–month) regimen with a fractional third dose can produce high vaccine efficacy (VE) in adults challenged 3 weeks after vaccination. This study explored the VE of different delayed fractional dose regimens of adult and pediatric RTS,S/AS01 formulations.
Methods
A total of 130 participants were randomized into 5 groups. Four groups received 3 doses of RTS,S/AS01B or RTS,S/AS01E on a 0-1-7–month schedule, with the final 1 or 2 doses being fractional (one-fifth dose volume). One group received 1 full (month 0) and 1 fractional (month 7) dose of RTS,S/AS01E. Immunized and unvaccinated control participants underwent Plasmodium falciparum–infected mosquito challenge (controlled human malaria infection) 3 months after immunization, a timing chosen to potentially discriminate VEs between groups.
Results
The VE of 3-dose formulations ranged from 55% (95% confidence interval, 27%–72%) to 76% (48%–89%). Groups administered equivalent formulations of RTS,S/AS01E and RTS,S/AS01B demonstrated comparable VE. The 2-dose group demonstrated lower VE (29% [95% confidence interval, 6%–46%]). All regimens were well tolerated and immunogenic, with trends toward higher anti-circumsporozoite antibody titers in participants protected against infection.
Conclusions
RTS,S/AS01E can provide VE comparable to an equivalent RTS,S/AS01B regimen in adults, suggesting a universal formulation may be considered. Results also suggest that the 2-dose regimen is inferior to the 3-dose regimens evaluated.
Clinical Trial Registration
NCT03162614
We explored the ability of different delayed fractional dose-regimens of RTS,S/AS01-formulations to increase vaccine efficacy using CHMI. The pediatric RTS,S/AS01E-formulation was comparably efficacious with an equivalent RTS,S/AS01B regimen in adults. The two-dose regimen evaluated was inferior to the three-dose regimens.</abstract><cop>US</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>32687161</pmid><doi>10.1093/infdis/jiaa421</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9274-4554</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | The Journal of infectious diseases, 2020-10, Vol.222 (10), p.1681-1691 |
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| source | MEDLINE; Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current); Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult Circumsporozoite protein Confidence intervals Editor's Choice Female Humans Immunization Schedule Immunogenicity Infection Control Infections Major and Brief Reports Malaria Malaria - immunology Malaria - prevention & control Malaria Vaccines - administration & dosage Malaria Vaccines - immunology Malaria, Falciparum - immunology Malaria, Falciparum - prevention & control Male Middle Aged Pediatrics Plasmodium falciparum Plasmodium falciparum - immunology Vaccination Vaccine efficacy Vaccines Young Adult |
| title | A Phase IIa Controlled Human Malaria Infection and Immunogenicity Study of RTS,S/AS01E and RTS,S/AS01B Delayed Fractional Dose Regimens in Malaria-Naive Adults |
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