Disposable Nafion-Coated Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Test Strip for Electrochemical Quantitative Determination of Acetaminophen in a Finger-Prick Whole Blood Sample
A disposable electrochemical test strip for the quantitative point-of-care (POC) determination of acetaminophen (paracetamol) in plasma and finger-prick whole blood was fabricated. The industrially scalable dry transfer process of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and screen printing of silver...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Analytical chemistry (Washington) 2020-10, Vol.92 (19), p.13017-13024 |
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| creator | Wester, Niklas Mikladal, Bjørn F Varjos, Ilkka Peltonen, Antti Kalso, Eija Lilius, Tuomas Laurila, Tomi Koskinen, Jari |
| description | A disposable electrochemical test strip for the quantitative point-of-care (POC) determination of acetaminophen (paracetamol) in plasma and finger-prick whole blood was fabricated. The industrially scalable dry transfer process of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and screen printing of silver were combined to produce integrated electrochemical test strips. Nafion coating stabilized the potential of the Ag reference electrode and enabled the selective detection in spiked plasma as well as in whole blood samples. The test strips were able to detect acetaminophen in small 40 μL samples with a detection limit of 0.8 μM and a wide linear range from 1 μM to 2 mM, well within the required clinical range. After a simple 1:1 dilution of plasma and whole blood, a quantitative detection with good recoveries of 79% in plasma and 74% in whole blood was achieved. These results strongly indicate that these electrodes can be used directly to determine the unbound acetaminophen fraction without the need for any additional steps. The developed test strip shows promise as a rapid and simple POC quantitative acetaminophen assay. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01857 |
| format | Article |
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The industrially scalable dry transfer process of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and screen printing of silver were combined to produce integrated electrochemical test strips. Nafion coating stabilized the potential of the Ag reference electrode and enabled the selective detection in spiked plasma as well as in whole blood samples. The test strips were able to detect acetaminophen in small 40 μL samples with a detection limit of 0.8 μM and a wide linear range from 1 μM to 2 mM, well within the required clinical range. After a simple 1:1 dilution of plasma and whole blood, a quantitative detection with good recoveries of 79% in plasma and 74% in whole blood was achieved. These results strongly indicate that these electrodes can be used directly to determine the unbound acetaminophen fraction without the need for any additional steps. The developed test strip shows promise as a rapid and simple POC quantitative acetaminophen assay.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0003-2700</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1520-6882</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01857</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32842738</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: American Chemical Society</publisher><subject>Acetaminophen ; Acetaminophen - blood ; Analgesics ; Blood ; Blood Specimen Collection ; Chemistry ; Coated electrodes ; Dilution ; Electrochemical Techniques ; Electrochemistry ; Electrodes ; Fingers ; Humans ; Nanotechnology ; Nanotubes ; Nanotubes, Carbon - chemistry ; Paracetamol ; Plasma ; Reagent Strips - chemistry ; Screen printing ; Silver ; Single wall carbon nanotubes ; Strip</subject><ispartof>Analytical chemistry (Washington), 2020-10, Vol.92 (19), p.13017-13024</ispartof><rights>Copyright American Chemical Society Oct 6, 2020</rights><rights>2020 American Chemical Society</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a477t-74987dbb8971d25aaff36d94045309219558d59c938050e43cd04edd29d0b8763</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a477t-74987dbb8971d25aaff36d94045309219558d59c938050e43cd04edd29d0b8763</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-7937-9011 ; 0000-0002-1252-8764</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01857$$EPDF$$P50$$Gacs$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01857$$EHTML$$P50$$Gacs$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,315,781,785,886,2766,27078,27926,27927,56740,56790</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32842738$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Wester, Niklas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mikladal, Bjørn F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Varjos, Ilkka</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peltonen, Antti</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kalso, Eija</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lilius, Tuomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Laurila, Tomi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koskinen, Jari</creatorcontrib><title>Disposable Nafion-Coated Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Test Strip for Electrochemical Quantitative Determination of Acetaminophen in a Finger-Prick Whole Blood Sample</title><title>Analytical chemistry (Washington)</title><addtitle>Anal. Chem</addtitle><description>A disposable electrochemical test strip for the quantitative point-of-care (POC) determination of acetaminophen (paracetamol) in plasma and finger-prick whole blood was fabricated. The industrially scalable dry transfer process of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and screen printing of silver were combined to produce integrated electrochemical test strips. Nafion coating stabilized the potential of the Ag reference electrode and enabled the selective detection in spiked plasma as well as in whole blood samples. The test strips were able to detect acetaminophen in small 40 μL samples with a detection limit of 0.8 μM and a wide linear range from 1 μM to 2 mM, well within the required clinical range. After a simple 1:1 dilution of plasma and whole blood, a quantitative detection with good recoveries of 79% in plasma and 74% in whole blood was achieved. These results strongly indicate that these electrodes can be used directly to determine the unbound acetaminophen fraction without the need for any additional steps. The developed test strip shows promise as a rapid and simple POC quantitative acetaminophen assay.</description><subject>Acetaminophen</subject><subject>Acetaminophen - blood</subject><subject>Analgesics</subject><subject>Blood</subject><subject>Blood Specimen Collection</subject><subject>Chemistry</subject><subject>Coated electrodes</subject><subject>Dilution</subject><subject>Electrochemical Techniques</subject><subject>Electrochemistry</subject><subject>Electrodes</subject><subject>Fingers</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Nanotechnology</subject><subject>Nanotubes</subject><subject>Nanotubes, Carbon - chemistry</subject><subject>Paracetamol</subject><subject>Plasma</subject><subject>Reagent Strips - chemistry</subject><subject>Screen printing</subject><subject>Silver</subject><subject>Single wall carbon nanotubes</subject><subject>Strip</subject><issn>0003-2700</issn><issn>1520-6882</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kc1u1DAUhSMEokPhDRCyxDrTa8ceJxukMm0pUsWPWtSldeM4HRfHTh2nEi_Ec-LRTEewYWVd-9xzjvwVxVsKSwqMnqCelujR6Y0ZlqCB1kI-KxZUMChXdc2eFwsAqEomAY6KV9N0D0Ap0NXL4qhiNWeyqhfF7zM7jWHC1hnyBXsbfLkOmExHrq2_c6a8RefytMbYBp8lPqS5NeTGTIlcp2hH0odIzp3RKYZtF6vRke8z-mQTJvtoyJlJJg7W5ylbhJ6capMwX4RxYzyxniC5yGkmlt-i1T_J7SbkOh9dCLkGDqMzr4sXPbrJvNmfx8WPi_Ob9WV59fXT5_XpVYlcylRK3tSya9u6kbRjArHvq1XXcOCigobRRoi6E41uqhoEGF7pDrjpOtZ00NZyVR0XH3a-49wOptPGp4hOjdEOGH-pgFb9--LtRt2FRyUFlxlANni_N4jhYc6fpO7DHDOmSTEuKJW0YtsYvlPpGKYpmv6QQEFt6apMVz3RVXu6ee3d3-0OS084swB2gu36Ifi_nn8ADTe3Zw</recordid><startdate>20201006</startdate><enddate>20201006</enddate><creator>Wester, Niklas</creator><creator>Mikladal, Bjørn F</creator><creator>Varjos, Ilkka</creator><creator>Peltonen, Antti</creator><creator>Kalso, Eija</creator><creator>Lilius, Tuomas</creator><creator>Laurila, Tomi</creator><creator>Koskinen, Jari</creator><general>American Chemical Society</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QF</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7QQ</scope><scope>7SC</scope><scope>7SE</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7TA</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F28</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>H8G</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>JQ2</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>L~C</scope><scope>L~D</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7937-9011</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1252-8764</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20201006</creationdate><title>Disposable Nafion-Coated Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Test Strip for Electrochemical Quantitative Determination of Acetaminophen in a Finger-Prick Whole Blood Sample</title><author>Wester, Niklas ; Mikladal, Bjørn F ; Varjos, Ilkka ; Peltonen, Antti ; Kalso, Eija ; Lilius, Tuomas ; Laurila, Tomi ; Koskinen, Jari</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a477t-74987dbb8971d25aaff36d94045309219558d59c938050e43cd04edd29d0b8763</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Acetaminophen</topic><topic>Acetaminophen - blood</topic><topic>Analgesics</topic><topic>Blood</topic><topic>Blood Specimen Collection</topic><topic>Chemistry</topic><topic>Coated electrodes</topic><topic>Dilution</topic><topic>Electrochemical Techniques</topic><topic>Electrochemistry</topic><topic>Electrodes</topic><topic>Fingers</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Nanotechnology</topic><topic>Nanotubes</topic><topic>Nanotubes, Carbon - chemistry</topic><topic>Paracetamol</topic><topic>Plasma</topic><topic>Reagent Strips - chemistry</topic><topic>Screen printing</topic><topic>Silver</topic><topic>Single wall carbon nanotubes</topic><topic>Strip</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Wester, Niklas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mikladal, Bjørn F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Varjos, Ilkka</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peltonen, Antti</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kalso, Eija</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lilius, Tuomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Laurila, Tomi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koskinen, Jari</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aluminium Industry Abstracts</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Ceramic Abstracts</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts</collection><collection>Corrosion Abstracts</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Materials Business File</collection><collection>Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Copper Technical Reference Library</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Computer Science Collection</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Academic</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Analytical chemistry (Washington)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Wester, Niklas</au><au>Mikladal, Bjørn F</au><au>Varjos, Ilkka</au><au>Peltonen, Antti</au><au>Kalso, Eija</au><au>Lilius, Tuomas</au><au>Laurila, Tomi</au><au>Koskinen, Jari</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Disposable Nafion-Coated Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Test Strip for Electrochemical Quantitative Determination of Acetaminophen in a Finger-Prick Whole Blood Sample</atitle><jtitle>Analytical chemistry (Washington)</jtitle><addtitle>Anal. Chem</addtitle><date>2020-10-06</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>92</volume><issue>19</issue><spage>13017</spage><epage>13024</epage><pages>13017-13024</pages><issn>0003-2700</issn><eissn>1520-6882</eissn><abstract>A disposable electrochemical test strip for the quantitative point-of-care (POC) determination of acetaminophen (paracetamol) in plasma and finger-prick whole blood was fabricated. The industrially scalable dry transfer process of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and screen printing of silver were combined to produce integrated electrochemical test strips. Nafion coating stabilized the potential of the Ag reference electrode and enabled the selective detection in spiked plasma as well as in whole blood samples. The test strips were able to detect acetaminophen in small 40 μL samples with a detection limit of 0.8 μM and a wide linear range from 1 μM to 2 mM, well within the required clinical range. After a simple 1:1 dilution of plasma and whole blood, a quantitative detection with good recoveries of 79% in plasma and 74% in whole blood was achieved. These results strongly indicate that these electrodes can be used directly to determine the unbound acetaminophen fraction without the need for any additional steps. The developed test strip shows promise as a rapid and simple POC quantitative acetaminophen assay.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>American Chemical Society</pub><pmid>32842738</pmid><doi>10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01857</doi><tpages>8</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7937-9011</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1252-8764</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Analytical chemistry (Washington), 2020-10, Vol.92 (19), p.13017-13024 |
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| source | MEDLINE; American Chemical Society Journals |
| subjects | Acetaminophen Acetaminophen - blood Analgesics Blood Blood Specimen Collection Chemistry Coated electrodes Dilution Electrochemical Techniques Electrochemistry Electrodes Fingers Humans Nanotechnology Nanotubes Nanotubes, Carbon - chemistry Paracetamol Plasma Reagent Strips - chemistry Screen printing Silver Single wall carbon nanotubes Strip |
| title | Disposable Nafion-Coated Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Test Strip for Electrochemical Quantitative Determination of Acetaminophen in a Finger-Prick Whole Blood Sample |
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