Archaeosporites rhyniensis gen. et sp. nov. (Glomeromycota, Archaeosporaceae) from the Lower Devonian Rhynie chert: a fungal lineage morphologically unchanged for more than 400 million years

Archaeosporites rhyniensis gen. et sp. nov. (Glomeromycota, Archaeosporaceae) from the Lower Devonian Rhynie chert: a fungal lineage morphologically unchanged for more than 400 million years

BACKGROUND AND AIMSStructurally preserved arbuscular mycorrhizas from the Lower Devonian Rhynie chert represent core fossil evidence of the evolutionary history of mycorrhizal systems. Moreover, Rhynie chert fossils of glomeromycotan propagules suggest that this lineage of arbuscular fungi was morph...

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Veröffentlicht in:Annals of botany 2020-10, Vol.126 (5), p.915-928
Hauptverfasser: Harper, Carla J, Walker, Christopher, Schwendemann, Andrew B, Kerp, Hans, Krings, Michael
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container_title Annals of botany
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creator Harper, Carla J
Walker, Christopher
Schwendemann, Andrew B
Kerp, Hans
Krings, Michael
description BACKGROUND AND AIMSStructurally preserved arbuscular mycorrhizas from the Lower Devonian Rhynie chert represent core fossil evidence of the evolutionary history of mycorrhizal systems. Moreover, Rhynie chert fossils of glomeromycotan propagules suggest that this lineage of arbuscular fungi was morphologically diverse by the Early Devonian; however, only a small fraction of this diversity has been formally described and critically evaluated. METHODSThin sections, previously prepared by grinding wafers of chert from the Rhynie beds, were studied by transmitted light microscopy. Fossils corresponding to the description of Archaeospora spp. occurred in 29 slides, and were measured, photographed and compared with modern-day species in that genus. KEY RESULTSSessile propagules
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(Glomeromycota, Archaeosporaceae) from the Lower Devonian Rhynie chert: a fungal lineage morphologically unchanged for more than 400 million years</title><source>Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals</source><source>Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current)</source><source>PubMed Central</source><creator>Harper, Carla J ; Walker, Christopher ; Schwendemann, Andrew B ; Kerp, Hans ; Krings, Michael</creator><creatorcontrib>Harper, Carla J ; Walker, Christopher ; Schwendemann, Andrew B ; Kerp, Hans ; Krings, Michael</creatorcontrib><description>BACKGROUND AND AIMSStructurally preserved arbuscular mycorrhizas from the Lower Devonian Rhynie chert represent core fossil evidence of the evolutionary history of mycorrhizal systems. Moreover, Rhynie chert fossils of glomeromycotan propagules suggest that this lineage of arbuscular fungi was morphologically diverse by the Early Devonian; however, only a small fraction of this diversity has been formally described and critically evaluated. METHODSThin sections, previously prepared by grinding wafers of chert from the Rhynie beds, were studied by transmitted light microscopy. Fossils corresponding to the description of Archaeospora spp. occurred in 29 slides, and were measured, photographed and compared with modern-day species in that genus. KEY RESULTSSessile propagules &lt;85 µm in diameter, some still attached to a sporiferous saccule, were found in early land plant axes and the chert matrix; they developed, in a similar manner to extant Archaeospora, laterally or centrally within the saccule neck. Microscopic examination and comparison with extant fungi showed that, morphologically, the fossils share the characters used to circumscribe the genus Archaeospora (Glomeromycota; Archaeosporales; Archaeosporaceae). CONCLUSIONSThe fossils can be assigned with confidence to the extant family Archaeosporaceae, but because molecular analysis is necessary to place organisms in these taxa to present-day genera and species, they are placed in a newly proposed fossil taxon, Archaeosporites rhyniensis.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0305-7364</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1095-8290</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcaa113</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32577725</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>US: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Original</subject><ispartof>Annals of botany, 2020-10, Vol.126 (5), p.915-928</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. 2020</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2733-858df5374a4a35ab1f1932528f1b4e285b90d059d1d36fba088de3fa06be30363</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c2733-858df5374a4a35ab1f1932528f1b4e285b90d059d1d36fba088de3fa06be30363</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7539360/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7539360/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,27903,27904,53769,53771</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Harper, Carla J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Walker, Christopher</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schwendemann, Andrew B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kerp, Hans</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Krings, Michael</creatorcontrib><title>Archaeosporites rhyniensis gen. et sp. nov. 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KEY RESULTSSessile propagules &lt;85 µm in diameter, some still attached to a sporiferous saccule, were found in early land plant axes and the chert matrix; they developed, in a similar manner to extant Archaeospora, laterally or centrally within the saccule neck. Microscopic examination and comparison with extant fungi showed that, morphologically, the fossils share the characters used to circumscribe the genus Archaeospora (Glomeromycota; Archaeosporales; Archaeosporaceae). CONCLUSIONSThe fossils can be assigned with confidence to the extant family Archaeosporaceae, but because molecular analysis is necessary to place organisms in these taxa to present-day genera and species, they are placed in a newly proposed fossil taxon, Archaeosporites rhyniensis.</description><subject>Original</subject><issn>0305-7364</issn><issn>1095-8290</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNpVkd-K1TAQh4Mo7vHolS8wlyvas0nTv14sLKuuwgFB9LpM00kbSZOatEf6cj6bXfcgejUwv5lvYD7GXgp-ELyWV-jbq1EhCiEfsd3WypMqrfljtuOS50kpi-yCPYvxO-c8LWrxlF3INC_LMs137NdNUAOSj5MPZqYIYVidIRdNhJ7cAWiGOB3A-dMBLu-sHyn4cVV-xjfwzy4qQnoFegthHgiO_icFeEcn7ww6-PKHCmqgML8FBL24Hi1Y4wh7gtGHafDW90ahtSssbgO7njrQPtyntEE3TMY5jMZa4x2shCE-Z0802kgvznXPvn14__X2Y3L8fPfp9uaYqLSUMqnyqtO5LDPMUObYCi3q7QdppUWbUVrlbc07nted6GShW-RV1ZHUyIuWJJeF3LPrB-60tCN1itwc0DZTMCOGtfFomv8TZ4am96emzGUtC74BLs-A4H8sFOdmNFGRtejIL7FJM1HUWZFtQvfs9cOoCj7GQPrvGcGbe-PNZrw5G5e_AcnEorM</recordid><startdate>20201006</startdate><enddate>20201006</enddate><creator>Harper, Carla J</creator><creator>Walker, Christopher</creator><creator>Schwendemann, Andrew B</creator><creator>Kerp, Hans</creator><creator>Krings, Michael</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20201006</creationdate><title>Archaeosporites rhyniensis gen. et sp. nov. (Glomeromycota, Archaeosporaceae) from the Lower Devonian Rhynie chert: a fungal lineage morphologically unchanged for more than 400 million years</title><author>Harper, Carla J ; Walker, Christopher ; Schwendemann, Andrew B ; Kerp, Hans ; Krings, Michael</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c2733-858df5374a4a35ab1f1932528f1b4e285b90d059d1d36fba088de3fa06be30363</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Original</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Harper, Carla J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Walker, Christopher</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schwendemann, Andrew B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kerp, Hans</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Krings, Michael</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Annals of botany</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Harper, Carla J</au><au>Walker, Christopher</au><au>Schwendemann, Andrew B</au><au>Kerp, Hans</au><au>Krings, Michael</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Archaeosporites rhyniensis gen. et sp. nov. (Glomeromycota, Archaeosporaceae) from the Lower Devonian Rhynie chert: a fungal lineage morphologically unchanged for more than 400 million years</atitle><jtitle>Annals of botany</jtitle><date>2020-10-06</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>126</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>915</spage><epage>928</epage><pages>915-928</pages><issn>0305-7364</issn><eissn>1095-8290</eissn><abstract>BACKGROUND AND AIMSStructurally preserved arbuscular mycorrhizas from the Lower Devonian Rhynie chert represent core fossil evidence of the evolutionary history of mycorrhizal systems. Moreover, Rhynie chert fossils of glomeromycotan propagules suggest that this lineage of arbuscular fungi was morphologically diverse by the Early Devonian; however, only a small fraction of this diversity has been formally described and critically evaluated. METHODSThin sections, previously prepared by grinding wafers of chert from the Rhynie beds, were studied by transmitted light microscopy. Fossils corresponding to the description of Archaeospora spp. occurred in 29 slides, and were measured, photographed and compared with modern-day species in that genus. KEY RESULTSSessile propagules &lt;85 µm in diameter, some still attached to a sporiferous saccule, were found in early land plant axes and the chert matrix; they developed, in a similar manner to extant Archaeospora, laterally or centrally within the saccule neck. Microscopic examination and comparison with extant fungi showed that, morphologically, the fossils share the characters used to circumscribe the genus Archaeospora (Glomeromycota; Archaeosporales; Archaeosporaceae). CONCLUSIONSThe fossils can be assigned with confidence to the extant family Archaeosporaceae, but because molecular analysis is necessary to place organisms in these taxa to present-day genera and species, they are placed in a newly proposed fossil taxon, Archaeosporites rhyniensis.</abstract><cop>US</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>32577725</pmid><doi>10.1093/aob/mcaa113</doi><tpages>14</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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title Archaeosporites rhyniensis gen. et sp. nov. (Glomeromycota, Archaeosporaceae) from the Lower Devonian Rhynie chert: a fungal lineage morphologically unchanged for more than 400 million years
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