Bariatric Surgery in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes

Purpose of Review We seek to characterize the impact of bariatric surgery on diabetes mellitus by recalling its history, examining the clinical data, exploring the putative mechanisms of action, and anticipating its future. Recent Findings Results of clinical trials reveal that bariatric surgery ind...

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Veröffentlicht in:Current diabetes reports 2019-12, Vol.19 (12), p.156-10, Article 156
Hauptverfasser: Affinati, Alison H., Esfandiari, Nazanene H., Oral, Elif A., Kraftson, Andrew T.
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container_end_page 10
container_issue 12
container_start_page 156
container_title Current diabetes reports
container_volume 19
creator Affinati, Alison H.
Esfandiari, Nazanene H.
Oral, Elif A.
Kraftson, Andrew T.
description Purpose of Review We seek to characterize the impact of bariatric surgery on diabetes mellitus by recalling its history, examining the clinical data, exploring the putative mechanisms of action, and anticipating its future. Recent Findings Results of clinical trials reveal that bariatric surgery induces remission of diabetes in 33–90% of individuals at 1-year post-treatment versus 0–39% of medically managed. Remission rates decrease over time but remain higher in surgically treated individuals. Investigations have revealed numerous actions of surgery including effects on intestinal physiology, neuronal signaling, incretin hormone secretion, bile acid metabolism, and microbiome changes. Summary Bariatric surgery improves control of diabetes through both weight-dependent and weight-independent actions. These various mechanisms help explain the difference between individuals treated surgically vs. medically. They also explain differing effects of various bariatric surgery procedure types. Understanding how surgery affects diabetes will help optimize utilization of the therapy for both disease prevention and treatment.
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subjects Bariatric Surgery - methods
Diabetes
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - etiology
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - physiopathology
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - surgery
Gastrointestinal surgery
Humans
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Obesity
Obesity - complications
Obesity - physiopathology
Obesity - surgery
Remission (Medicine)
Section Editor
Therapies and New Technologies in the Treatment of Diabetes (M Pietropaolo
Topical Collection on Therapies and New Technologies in the Treatment of Diabetes
title Bariatric Surgery in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes
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