SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Avidity Responses in COVID-19 Patients and Convalescent Plasma Donors
Abstract Background Convalescent plasma therapy is a leading treatment for conferring temporary immunity to COVID-19–susceptible individuals or for use as post-exposure prophylaxis. However, not all recovered patients develop adequate antibody titers for donation and the relationship between avidity...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The Journal of infectious diseases 2020-12, Vol.222 (12), p.1974-1984 |
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| container_end_page | 1984 |
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| container_issue | 12 |
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| container_title | The Journal of infectious diseases |
| container_volume | 222 |
| creator | Benner, Sarah E Patel, Eshan U Laeyendecker, Oliver Pekosz, Andrew Littlefield, Kirsten Eby, Yolanda Fernandez, Reinaldo E Miller, Jernelle Kirby, Charles S Keruly, Morgan Klock, Ethan Baker, Owen R Schmidt, Haley A Shrestha, Ruchee Burgess, Imani Bonny, Tania S Clarke, William Caturegli, Patrizio Sullivan, David Shoham, Shmuel Quinn, Thomas C Bloch, Evan M Casadevall, Arturo Tobian, Aaron A R Redd, Andrew D |
| description | Abstract
Background
Convalescent plasma therapy is a leading treatment for conferring temporary immunity to COVID-19–susceptible individuals or for use as post-exposure prophylaxis. However, not all recovered patients develop adequate antibody titers for donation and the relationship between avidity and neutralizing titers is currently not well understood.
Methods
SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike and anti-nucleocapsid IgG titers and avidity were measured in a longitudinal cohort of COVID-19 hospitalized patients (n = 16 individuals) and a cross-sectional sample of convalescent plasma donors (n = 130). Epidemiologic correlates of avidity were examined in donors by linear regression. The association of avidity and a high neutralizing titer (NT) were also assessed in donors using modified Poisson regression.
Results
Antibody avidity increased over duration of infection and remained elevated. In convalescent plasma donors, higher levels of anti-spike avidity were associated with older age, male sex, and hospitalization. Higher NTs had a stronger positive correlation with anti-spike IgG avidity (Spearman ρ = 0.386; P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/infdis/jiaa581 |
| format | Article |
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Background
Convalescent plasma therapy is a leading treatment for conferring temporary immunity to COVID-19–susceptible individuals or for use as post-exposure prophylaxis. However, not all recovered patients develop adequate antibody titers for donation and the relationship between avidity and neutralizing titers is currently not well understood.
Methods
SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike and anti-nucleocapsid IgG titers and avidity were measured in a longitudinal cohort of COVID-19 hospitalized patients (n = 16 individuals) and a cross-sectional sample of convalescent plasma donors (n = 130). Epidemiologic correlates of avidity were examined in donors by linear regression. The association of avidity and a high neutralizing titer (NT) were also assessed in donors using modified Poisson regression.
Results
Antibody avidity increased over duration of infection and remained elevated. In convalescent plasma donors, higher levels of anti-spike avidity were associated with older age, male sex, and hospitalization. Higher NTs had a stronger positive correlation with anti-spike IgG avidity (Spearman ρ = 0.386; P < .001) than with anti-nucleocapsid IgG avidity (Spearman ρ = 0.211; P = .026). Increasing levels of anti-spike IgG avidity were associated with high NT (≥160) (adjusted prevalence ratio = 1.58 [95% confidence interval = 1.19–2.12]), independent of age, sex, and hospitalization.
Conclusions
SARS-CoV-2 antibody avidity correlated with duration of infection and higher neutralizing titers, suggesting a potential alternative screening parameter for identifying optimal convalescent plasma donors.
Evaluation of antibody avidity from potential convalescent plasma donors and hospitalized COVID-19 patients suggests increased SARS-CoV-2 IgG avidity is associated with being older, male, and hospitalized. Avidity is correlated with neutralizing titers offering a potential screening parameter for convalescent donors.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-1899</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1537-6613</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa581</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32910175</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>US: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Antibodies ; Antibodies, Neutralizing - administration & dosage ; Antibodies, Neutralizing - blood ; Antibodies, Viral - administration & dosage ; Antibodies, Viral - blood ; Antibody Affinity ; Avidity ; Blood Donors ; Cohort Studies ; Coronaviruses ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 - therapy ; COVID-19 Serotherapy ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunization, Passive ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin G - administration & dosage ; Immunoglobulin G - blood ; Linear Models ; Major and Brief Reports ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nucleocapsids ; Plasma ; Prophylaxis ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus - immunology ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>The Journal of infectious diseases, 2020-12, Vol.222 (12), p.1974-1984</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. 2020</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c518t-9b4b77a2cbd7aed56afc2670d5d1c563028e45e2422f25412df7e01becec84ad3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c518t-9b4b77a2cbd7aed56afc2670d5d1c563028e45e2422f25412df7e01becec84ad3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-9402-9167</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,881,1578,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32910175$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Benner, Sarah E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Patel, Eshan U</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Laeyendecker, Oliver</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pekosz, Andrew</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Littlefield, Kirsten</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eby, Yolanda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fernandez, Reinaldo E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Miller, Jernelle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kirby, Charles S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Keruly, Morgan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Klock, Ethan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baker, Owen R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schmidt, Haley A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shrestha, Ruchee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Burgess, Imani</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bonny, Tania S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Clarke, William</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Caturegli, Patrizio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sullivan, David</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shoham, Shmuel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Quinn, Thomas C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bloch, Evan M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Casadevall, Arturo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tobian, Aaron A R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Redd, Andrew D</creatorcontrib><title>SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Avidity Responses in COVID-19 Patients and Convalescent Plasma Donors</title><title>The Journal of infectious diseases</title><addtitle>J Infect Dis</addtitle><description>Abstract
Background
Convalescent plasma therapy is a leading treatment for conferring temporary immunity to COVID-19–susceptible individuals or for use as post-exposure prophylaxis. However, not all recovered patients develop adequate antibody titers for donation and the relationship between avidity and neutralizing titers is currently not well understood.
Methods
SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike and anti-nucleocapsid IgG titers and avidity were measured in a longitudinal cohort of COVID-19 hospitalized patients (n = 16 individuals) and a cross-sectional sample of convalescent plasma donors (n = 130). Epidemiologic correlates of avidity were examined in donors by linear regression. The association of avidity and a high neutralizing titer (NT) were also assessed in donors using modified Poisson regression.
Results
Antibody avidity increased over duration of infection and remained elevated. In convalescent plasma donors, higher levels of anti-spike avidity were associated with older age, male sex, and hospitalization. Higher NTs had a stronger positive correlation with anti-spike IgG avidity (Spearman ρ = 0.386; P < .001) than with anti-nucleocapsid IgG avidity (Spearman ρ = 0.211; P = .026). Increasing levels of anti-spike IgG avidity were associated with high NT (≥160) (adjusted prevalence ratio = 1.58 [95% confidence interval = 1.19–2.12]), independent of age, sex, and hospitalization.
Conclusions
SARS-CoV-2 antibody avidity correlated with duration of infection and higher neutralizing titers, suggesting a potential alternative screening parameter for identifying optimal convalescent plasma donors.
Evaluation of antibody avidity from potential convalescent plasma donors and hospitalized COVID-19 patients suggests increased SARS-CoV-2 IgG avidity is associated with being older, male, and hospitalized. Avidity is correlated with neutralizing titers offering a potential screening parameter for convalescent donors.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Antibodies</subject><subject>Antibodies, Neutralizing - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Antibodies, Neutralizing - blood</subject><subject>Antibodies, Viral - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Antibodies, Viral - blood</subject><subject>Antibody Affinity</subject><subject>Avidity</subject><subject>Blood Donors</subject><subject>Cohort Studies</subject><subject>Coronaviruses</subject><subject>COVID-19</subject><subject>COVID-19 - therapy</subject><subject>COVID-19 Serotherapy</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunization, Passive</subject><subject>Immunoglobulin G</subject><subject>Immunoglobulin G - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Immunoglobulin G - blood</subject><subject>Linear Models</subject><subject>Major and Brief Reports</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Nucleocapsids</subject><subject>Plasma</subject><subject>Prophylaxis</subject><subject>SARS-CoV-2</subject><subject>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</subject><subject>Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus - immunology</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0022-1899</issn><issn>1537-6613</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkUtr3DAUhUVpSaZJtl0WQTftwhldWQ9rUxic5gGBDHlBV0K25FaDR5pY9sD8-3iYSUi7yerCvd89nMNB6AuQUyAqn_rQWJ-mC28ML-ADmgDPZSYE5B_RhBBKMyiUOkSfU1oQQlgu5AE6zKkCApJP0O-72e1dVsbHjOJZ6H0V7QbP1t76foNvXVrFkFzCPuDy5vHqLAOF56b3LvQJm2BxGcPatC7V4wbPW5OWBp_FELt0jD41pk3uZD-P0MP5r_vyMru-ubgqZ9dZzaHoM1WxSkpD68pK4ywXpqmpkMRyCzUXOaGFY9xRRmlDOQNqG-kIVK52dcGMzY_Qz53uaqiWzm6NdKbVq84vTbfR0Xj97yX4v_pPXGvJlOKKjgLf9wJdfBpc6vXSj3na1gQXh6QpYyAAmChG9Nt_6CIOXRjjjZQUhSSMbanTHVV3MaXONa9mgOhta3rXmt63Nj58fRvhFX-paQR-7IA4rN4Tewa986Mx</recordid><startdate>20201215</startdate><enddate>20201215</enddate><creator>Benner, Sarah E</creator><creator>Patel, Eshan U</creator><creator>Laeyendecker, Oliver</creator><creator>Pekosz, Andrew</creator><creator>Littlefield, Kirsten</creator><creator>Eby, Yolanda</creator><creator>Fernandez, Reinaldo E</creator><creator>Miller, Jernelle</creator><creator>Kirby, Charles S</creator><creator>Keruly, Morgan</creator><creator>Klock, Ethan</creator><creator>Baker, Owen R</creator><creator>Schmidt, Haley A</creator><creator>Shrestha, Ruchee</creator><creator>Burgess, Imani</creator><creator>Bonny, Tania S</creator><creator>Clarke, William</creator><creator>Caturegli, Patrizio</creator><creator>Sullivan, David</creator><creator>Shoham, Shmuel</creator><creator>Quinn, Thomas C</creator><creator>Bloch, Evan M</creator><creator>Casadevall, Arturo</creator><creator>Tobian, Aaron A R</creator><creator>Redd, Andrew D</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9402-9167</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20201215</creationdate><title>SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Avidity Responses in COVID-19 Patients and Convalescent Plasma Donors</title><author>Benner, Sarah E ; Patel, Eshan U ; Laeyendecker, Oliver ; Pekosz, Andrew ; Littlefield, Kirsten ; Eby, Yolanda ; Fernandez, Reinaldo E ; Miller, Jernelle ; Kirby, Charles S ; Keruly, Morgan ; Klock, Ethan ; Baker, Owen R ; Schmidt, Haley A ; Shrestha, Ruchee ; Burgess, Imani ; Bonny, Tania S ; Clarke, William ; Caturegli, Patrizio ; Sullivan, David ; Shoham, Shmuel ; Quinn, Thomas C ; Bloch, Evan M ; Casadevall, Arturo ; Tobian, Aaron A R ; Redd, Andrew D</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c518t-9b4b77a2cbd7aed56afc2670d5d1c563028e45e2422f25412df7e01becec84ad3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Antibodies</topic><topic>Antibodies, Neutralizing - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Antibodies, Neutralizing - blood</topic><topic>Antibodies, Viral - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Antibodies, Viral - blood</topic><topic>Antibody Affinity</topic><topic>Avidity</topic><topic>Blood Donors</topic><topic>Cohort Studies</topic><topic>Coronaviruses</topic><topic>COVID-19</topic><topic>COVID-19 - therapy</topic><topic>COVID-19 Serotherapy</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immunization, Passive</topic><topic>Immunoglobulin G</topic><topic>Immunoglobulin G - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Immunoglobulin G - blood</topic><topic>Linear Models</topic><topic>Major and Brief Reports</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Nucleocapsids</topic><topic>Plasma</topic><topic>Prophylaxis</topic><topic>SARS-CoV-2</topic><topic>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</topic><topic>Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus - immunology</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Benner, Sarah E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Patel, Eshan U</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Laeyendecker, Oliver</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pekosz, Andrew</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Littlefield, Kirsten</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eby, Yolanda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fernandez, Reinaldo E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Miller, Jernelle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kirby, Charles S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Keruly, Morgan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Klock, Ethan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baker, Owen R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schmidt, Haley A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shrestha, Ruchee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Burgess, Imani</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bonny, Tania S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Clarke, William</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Caturegli, Patrizio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sullivan, David</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shoham, Shmuel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Quinn, Thomas C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bloch, Evan M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Casadevall, Arturo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tobian, Aaron A R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Redd, Andrew D</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>The Journal of infectious diseases</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Benner, Sarah E</au><au>Patel, Eshan U</au><au>Laeyendecker, Oliver</au><au>Pekosz, Andrew</au><au>Littlefield, Kirsten</au><au>Eby, Yolanda</au><au>Fernandez, Reinaldo E</au><au>Miller, Jernelle</au><au>Kirby, Charles S</au><au>Keruly, Morgan</au><au>Klock, Ethan</au><au>Baker, Owen R</au><au>Schmidt, Haley A</au><au>Shrestha, Ruchee</au><au>Burgess, Imani</au><au>Bonny, Tania S</au><au>Clarke, William</au><au>Caturegli, Patrizio</au><au>Sullivan, David</au><au>Shoham, Shmuel</au><au>Quinn, Thomas C</au><au>Bloch, Evan M</au><au>Casadevall, Arturo</au><au>Tobian, Aaron A R</au><au>Redd, Andrew D</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Avidity Responses in COVID-19 Patients and Convalescent Plasma Donors</atitle><jtitle>The Journal of infectious diseases</jtitle><addtitle>J Infect Dis</addtitle><date>2020-12-15</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>222</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>1974</spage><epage>1984</epage><pages>1974-1984</pages><issn>0022-1899</issn><eissn>1537-6613</eissn><abstract>Abstract
Background
Convalescent plasma therapy is a leading treatment for conferring temporary immunity to COVID-19–susceptible individuals or for use as post-exposure prophylaxis. However, not all recovered patients develop adequate antibody titers for donation and the relationship between avidity and neutralizing titers is currently not well understood.
Methods
SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike and anti-nucleocapsid IgG titers and avidity were measured in a longitudinal cohort of COVID-19 hospitalized patients (n = 16 individuals) and a cross-sectional sample of convalescent plasma donors (n = 130). Epidemiologic correlates of avidity were examined in donors by linear regression. The association of avidity and a high neutralizing titer (NT) were also assessed in donors using modified Poisson regression.
Results
Antibody avidity increased over duration of infection and remained elevated. In convalescent plasma donors, higher levels of anti-spike avidity were associated with older age, male sex, and hospitalization. Higher NTs had a stronger positive correlation with anti-spike IgG avidity (Spearman ρ = 0.386; P < .001) than with anti-nucleocapsid IgG avidity (Spearman ρ = 0.211; P = .026). Increasing levels of anti-spike IgG avidity were associated with high NT (≥160) (adjusted prevalence ratio = 1.58 [95% confidence interval = 1.19–2.12]), independent of age, sex, and hospitalization.
Conclusions
SARS-CoV-2 antibody avidity correlated with duration of infection and higher neutralizing titers, suggesting a potential alternative screening parameter for identifying optimal convalescent plasma donors.
Evaluation of antibody avidity from potential convalescent plasma donors and hospitalized COVID-19 patients suggests increased SARS-CoV-2 IgG avidity is associated with being older, male, and hospitalized. Avidity is correlated with neutralizing titers offering a potential screening parameter for convalescent donors.</abstract><cop>US</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>32910175</pmid><doi>10.1093/infdis/jiaa581</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9402-9167</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | The Journal of infectious diseases, 2020-12, Vol.222 (12), p.1974-1984 |
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| source | Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current); MEDLINE; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult Antibodies Antibodies, Neutralizing - administration & dosage Antibodies, Neutralizing - blood Antibodies, Viral - administration & dosage Antibodies, Viral - blood Antibody Affinity Avidity Blood Donors Cohort Studies Coronaviruses COVID-19 COVID-19 - therapy COVID-19 Serotherapy Cross-Sectional Studies Epidemiology Female Humans Immunization, Passive Immunoglobulin G Immunoglobulin G - administration & dosage Immunoglobulin G - blood Linear Models Major and Brief Reports Male Middle Aged Nucleocapsids Plasma Prophylaxis SARS-CoV-2 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus - immunology Young Adult |
| title | SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Avidity Responses in COVID-19 Patients and Convalescent Plasma Donors |
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