Evaluation of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and toxin A/B rapid tests for Clostridioides (prev. Clostridium) difficile diagnosis in a university hospital in Minas Gerais, Brazil
Clostridioides ( Clostridium ) difficile is responsible for most cases of nosocomial diarrhea and, despite the high prevalence of the disease worldwide, the best laboratory diagnostic approach to diagnose C. difficile infection (CDI) is a subject of ongoing debate. Although the use of multiple tests...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Brazilian journal of microbiology 2020-09, Vol.51 (3), p.1139-1143 |
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| creator | Ramos, Carolina Pantuzza Lopes, Emily Oliveira Diniz, Amanda Nádia Lobato, Francisco Carlos Faria Vilela, Eduardo Garcia Silva, Rodrigo Otávio Silveira |
| description | Clostridioides
(
Clostridium
)
difficile
is responsible for most cases of nosocomial diarrhea and, despite the high prevalence of the disease worldwide, the best laboratory diagnostic approach to diagnose
C. difficile
infection (CDI) is a subject of ongoing debate. Although the use of multiple tests is recommended, the cost of these algorithms commonly exceeds the affordability in some countries. Thus, to improve CDI diagnosis in a university hospital in Brazil, this study analyzed two immunochromatographic tests and one enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) to evaluate the detection of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and A/B toxins of
C. difficile
. Stool samples of 89 adult patients presenting nosocomial diarrhea during hospitalization were included. The toxigenic culture was used as the reference method. GDH detection by both commercial tests showed high sensitivity (100%) and specificity (92.1%). On the other hand, toxin-based methods showed a sensitivity between 19.2 and 57.7%. In conclusion, the results suggest that rapid tests for GDH detection are not only suitable for CDI diagnosis as screening tests but also as a single method. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s42770-020-00288-z |
| format | Article |
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(
Clostridium
)
difficile
is responsible for most cases of nosocomial diarrhea and, despite the high prevalence of the disease worldwide, the best laboratory diagnostic approach to diagnose
C. difficile
infection (CDI) is a subject of ongoing debate. Although the use of multiple tests is recommended, the cost of these algorithms commonly exceeds the affordability in some countries. Thus, to improve CDI diagnosis in a university hospital in Brazil, this study analyzed two immunochromatographic tests and one enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) to evaluate the detection of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and A/B toxins of
C. difficile
. Stool samples of 89 adult patients presenting nosocomial diarrhea during hospitalization were included. The toxigenic culture was used as the reference method. GDH detection by both commercial tests showed high sensitivity (100%) and specificity (92.1%). On the other hand, toxin-based methods showed a sensitivity between 19.2 and 57.7%. In conclusion, the results suggest that rapid tests for GDH detection are not only suitable for CDI diagnosis as screening tests but also as a single method.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1517-8382</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1678-4405</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s42770-020-00288-z</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32367261</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cham: Springer International Publishing</publisher><subject>Algorithms ; Bacterial Proteins - analysis ; Bacterial Proteins - metabolism ; Bacterial Toxins - analysis ; Bacterial Toxins - metabolism ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Brazil ; Clinical Microbiology - Short Communication ; Clostridioides ; Clostridioides difficile - chemistry ; Clostridioides difficile - enzymology ; Clostridioides difficile - metabolism ; Clostridium ; Clostridium Infections - diagnosis ; Clostridium Infections - microbiology ; Dehydrogenase ; Dehydrogenases ; Diagnosis ; Diagnostic systems ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine - methods ; Diarrhea ; Enzyme immunoassay ; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay - methods ; Food Microbiology ; Glutamate dehydrogenase ; Glutamate Dehydrogenase - analysis ; Glutamate Dehydrogenase - metabolism ; Hospitals ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Immunoassay ; Immunoassay - methods ; Life Sciences ; Medical Microbiology ; Microbial Ecology ; Microbial Genetics and Genomics ; Microbiology ; Mycology ; Nosocomial infection ; Sensitivity ; Toxin A ; Toxins</subject><ispartof>Brazilian journal of microbiology, 2020-09, Vol.51 (3), p.1139-1143</ispartof><rights>Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia 2020</rights><rights>Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia 2020.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-135658b3d3037300f395d8aa5f1bc1a8283451c6415479a3d3c73cf1fdc661943</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-135658b3d3037300f395d8aa5f1bc1a8283451c6415479a3d3c73cf1fdc661943</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-0074-2488 ; 0000-0003-2792-058X ; 0000-0002-5443-7553 ; 0000-0002-0656-1285 ; 0000-0002-5287-5779 ; 0000-0001-8205-8465</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7455615/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7455615/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32367261$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ramos, Carolina Pantuzza</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lopes, Emily Oliveira</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Diniz, Amanda Nádia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lobato, Francisco Carlos Faria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vilela, Eduardo Garcia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Silva, Rodrigo Otávio Silveira</creatorcontrib><title>Evaluation of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and toxin A/B rapid tests for Clostridioides (prev. Clostridium) difficile diagnosis in a university hospital in Minas Gerais, Brazil</title><title>Brazilian journal of microbiology</title><addtitle>Braz J Microbiol</addtitle><addtitle>Braz J Microbiol</addtitle><description>Clostridioides
(
Clostridium
)
difficile
is responsible for most cases of nosocomial diarrhea and, despite the high prevalence of the disease worldwide, the best laboratory diagnostic approach to diagnose
C. difficile
infection (CDI) is a subject of ongoing debate. Although the use of multiple tests is recommended, the cost of these algorithms commonly exceeds the affordability in some countries. Thus, to improve CDI diagnosis in a university hospital in Brazil, this study analyzed two immunochromatographic tests and one enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) to evaluate the detection of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and A/B toxins of
C. difficile
. Stool samples of 89 adult patients presenting nosocomial diarrhea during hospitalization were included. The toxigenic culture was used as the reference method. GDH detection by both commercial tests showed high sensitivity (100%) and specificity (92.1%). On the other hand, toxin-based methods showed a sensitivity between 19.2 and 57.7%. In conclusion, the results suggest that rapid tests for GDH detection are not only suitable for CDI diagnosis as screening tests but also as a single method.</description><subject>Algorithms</subject><subject>Bacterial Proteins - analysis</subject><subject>Bacterial Proteins - metabolism</subject><subject>Bacterial Toxins - analysis</subject><subject>Bacterial Toxins - metabolism</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Brazil</subject><subject>Clinical Microbiology - Short Communication</subject><subject>Clostridioides</subject><subject>Clostridioides difficile - chemistry</subject><subject>Clostridioides difficile - enzymology</subject><subject>Clostridioides difficile - metabolism</subject><subject>Clostridium</subject><subject>Clostridium Infections - diagnosis</subject><subject>Clostridium Infections - microbiology</subject><subject>Dehydrogenase</subject><subject>Dehydrogenases</subject><subject>Diagnosis</subject><subject>Diagnostic systems</subject><subject>Diagnostic Tests, Routine - methods</subject><subject>Diarrhea</subject><subject>Enzyme immunoassay</subject><subject>Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay</subject><subject>Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay - methods</subject><subject>Food Microbiology</subject><subject>Glutamate dehydrogenase</subject><subject>Glutamate Dehydrogenase - analysis</subject><subject>Glutamate Dehydrogenase - metabolism</subject><subject>Hospitals</subject><subject>Hospitals, University</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunoassay</subject><subject>Immunoassay - methods</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>Medical Microbiology</subject><subject>Microbial Ecology</subject><subject>Microbial Genetics and Genomics</subject><subject>Microbiology</subject><subject>Mycology</subject><subject>Nosocomial infection</subject><subject>Sensitivity</subject><subject>Toxin A</subject><subject>Toxins</subject><issn>1517-8382</issn><issn>1678-4405</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kc1uEzEUhUcIREvhBVggS2xaiWn9O55skNpQUqQiNrC2nLE9udXEHmxPRPJWvCEOKS1sWFj-ued-58qnql4TfE4wlheJUylxjWlZmLZtvXtSHZNGtjXnWDwtZ0Fk3bKWHlUvUrorIoE5fV4dMcoaSRtyXP283uhh0hmCR8GhfpiyXutskbGrrYmht14ni04XH27OkPYG5fADPLq8uEJRj1DuNuWEXIhoPoSUIxgIYGxCp2O0m_PH12l9hgw4Bx0MBQ-69yFBQoWm0eRhY2OCvEWrkEbIetgXPkNxRwsbNaR36CrqHQwvq2dOD8m-ut9Pqm8fr7_Ob-rbL4tP88vbuuOS55ow0Yh2yQzDTDKMHZsJ02otHFl2RLe0ZVyQruFEcDnTRddJ1jniTNc0ZMbZSfX-wB2n5dqazvoc9aDGCGsdtypoUP9WPKxUHzZKciEaIgrg7T0ghu9T-SZ1F6boy8yK8hIKYVLuVfSg6mJIKVr34ECw2sesDjGrErP6HbPalaY3f8_20PIn1yJgB0EqJd_b-Oj9H-wvdq62VA</recordid><startdate>20200901</startdate><enddate>20200901</enddate><creator>Ramos, Carolina Pantuzza</creator><creator>Lopes, Emily Oliveira</creator><creator>Diniz, Amanda Nádia</creator><creator>Lobato, Francisco Carlos Faria</creator><creator>Vilela, Eduardo Garcia</creator><creator>Silva, Rodrigo Otávio Silveira</creator><general>Springer International Publishing</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0074-2488</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2792-058X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5443-7553</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0656-1285</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5287-5779</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8205-8465</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20200901</creationdate><title>Evaluation of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and toxin A/B rapid tests for Clostridioides (prev. Clostridium) difficile diagnosis in a university hospital in Minas Gerais, Brazil</title><author>Ramos, Carolina Pantuzza ; Lopes, Emily Oliveira ; Diniz, Amanda Nádia ; Lobato, Francisco Carlos Faria ; Vilela, Eduardo Garcia ; Silva, Rodrigo Otávio Silveira</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-135658b3d3037300f395d8aa5f1bc1a8283451c6415479a3d3c73cf1fdc661943</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Algorithms</topic><topic>Bacterial Proteins - analysis</topic><topic>Bacterial Proteins - metabolism</topic><topic>Bacterial Toxins - analysis</topic><topic>Bacterial Toxins - metabolism</topic><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Brazil</topic><topic>Clinical Microbiology - Short Communication</topic><topic>Clostridioides</topic><topic>Clostridioides difficile - chemistry</topic><topic>Clostridioides difficile - enzymology</topic><topic>Clostridioides difficile - metabolism</topic><topic>Clostridium</topic><topic>Clostridium Infections - diagnosis</topic><topic>Clostridium Infections - microbiology</topic><topic>Dehydrogenase</topic><topic>Dehydrogenases</topic><topic>Diagnosis</topic><topic>Diagnostic systems</topic><topic>Diagnostic Tests, Routine - methods</topic><topic>Diarrhea</topic><topic>Enzyme immunoassay</topic><topic>Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay</topic><topic>Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay - methods</topic><topic>Food Microbiology</topic><topic>Glutamate dehydrogenase</topic><topic>Glutamate Dehydrogenase - analysis</topic><topic>Glutamate Dehydrogenase - metabolism</topic><topic>Hospitals</topic><topic>Hospitals, University</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immunoassay</topic><topic>Immunoassay - methods</topic><topic>Life Sciences</topic><topic>Medical Microbiology</topic><topic>Microbial Ecology</topic><topic>Microbial Genetics and Genomics</topic><topic>Microbiology</topic><topic>Mycology</topic><topic>Nosocomial infection</topic><topic>Sensitivity</topic><topic>Toxin A</topic><topic>Toxins</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ramos, Carolina Pantuzza</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lopes, Emily Oliveira</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Diniz, Amanda Nádia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lobato, Francisco Carlos Faria</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vilela, Eduardo Garcia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Silva, Rodrigo Otávio Silveira</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Brazilian journal of microbiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ramos, Carolina Pantuzza</au><au>Lopes, Emily Oliveira</au><au>Diniz, Amanda Nádia</au><au>Lobato, Francisco Carlos Faria</au><au>Vilela, Eduardo Garcia</au><au>Silva, Rodrigo Otávio Silveira</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Evaluation of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and toxin A/B rapid tests for Clostridioides (prev. Clostridium) difficile diagnosis in a university hospital in Minas Gerais, Brazil</atitle><jtitle>Brazilian journal of microbiology</jtitle><stitle>Braz J Microbiol</stitle><addtitle>Braz J Microbiol</addtitle><date>2020-09-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>51</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>1139</spage><epage>1143</epage><pages>1139-1143</pages><issn>1517-8382</issn><eissn>1678-4405</eissn><abstract>Clostridioides
(
Clostridium
)
difficile
is responsible for most cases of nosocomial diarrhea and, despite the high prevalence of the disease worldwide, the best laboratory diagnostic approach to diagnose
C. difficile
infection (CDI) is a subject of ongoing debate. Although the use of multiple tests is recommended, the cost of these algorithms commonly exceeds the affordability in some countries. Thus, to improve CDI diagnosis in a university hospital in Brazil, this study analyzed two immunochromatographic tests and one enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) to evaluate the detection of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and A/B toxins of
C. difficile
. Stool samples of 89 adult patients presenting nosocomial diarrhea during hospitalization were included. The toxigenic culture was used as the reference method. GDH detection by both commercial tests showed high sensitivity (100%) and specificity (92.1%). On the other hand, toxin-based methods showed a sensitivity between 19.2 and 57.7%. In conclusion, the results suggest that rapid tests for GDH detection are not only suitable for CDI diagnosis as screening tests but also as a single method.</abstract><cop>Cham</cop><pub>Springer International Publishing</pub><pmid>32367261</pmid><doi>10.1007/s42770-020-00288-z</doi><tpages>5</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0074-2488</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2792-058X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5443-7553</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0656-1285</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5287-5779</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8205-8465</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Brazilian journal of microbiology, 2020-09, Vol.51 (3), p.1139-1143 |
| issn | 1517-8382 1678-4405 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; PubMed Central; Alma/SFX Local Collection; SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Algorithms Bacterial Proteins - analysis Bacterial Proteins - metabolism Bacterial Toxins - analysis Bacterial Toxins - metabolism Biomedical and Life Sciences Brazil Clinical Microbiology - Short Communication Clostridioides Clostridioides difficile - chemistry Clostridioides difficile - enzymology Clostridioides difficile - metabolism Clostridium Clostridium Infections - diagnosis Clostridium Infections - microbiology Dehydrogenase Dehydrogenases Diagnosis Diagnostic systems Diagnostic Tests, Routine - methods Diarrhea Enzyme immunoassay Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay - methods Food Microbiology Glutamate dehydrogenase Glutamate Dehydrogenase - analysis Glutamate Dehydrogenase - metabolism Hospitals Hospitals, University Humans Immunoassay Immunoassay - methods Life Sciences Medical Microbiology Microbial Ecology Microbial Genetics and Genomics Microbiology Mycology Nosocomial infection Sensitivity Toxin A Toxins |
| title | Evaluation of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and toxin A/B rapid tests for Clostridioides (prev. Clostridium) difficile diagnosis in a university hospital in Minas Gerais, Brazil |
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