Analysis of COVID-19 under-reporting in Brazil
To estimate the reporting rates of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases for Brazil as a whole and states. We estimated the actual number of COVID-19 cases using the reported number of deaths in Brazil and each state, and the expected case-fatality ratio from the World Health Organization. Brazi...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Revista Brasileira de terapia intensiva 2020-06, Vol.32 (2), p.224-228 |
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| container_title | Revista Brasileira de terapia intensiva |
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| creator | Prado, Marcelo Freitas do Antunes, Bianca Brandão de Paula Bastos, Leonardo Dos Santos Lourenço Peres, Igor Tona Silva, Amanda de Araújo Batista da Dantas, Leila Figueiredo Baião, Fernanda Araújo Maçaira, Paula Hamacher, Silvio Bozza, Fernando Augusto |
| description | To estimate the reporting rates of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases for Brazil as a whole and states.
We estimated the actual number of COVID-19 cases using the reported number of deaths in Brazil and each state, and the expected case-fatality ratio from the World Health Organization. Brazil's expected case-fatality ratio was also adjusted by the population's age pyramid. Therefore, the notification rate can be defined as the number of confirmed cases (notified by the Ministry of Health) divided by the number of expected cases (estimated from the number of deaths).
The reporting rate for COVID-19 in Brazil was estimated at 9.2% (95%CI 8.8% - 9.5%), with all the states presenting rates below 30%. São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, the most populated states in Brazil, showed small reporting rates (8.9% and 7.2%, respectively). The highest reporting rate occurred in Roraima (31.7%) and the lowest in Paraiba (3.4%).
The results indicated that the reporting of confirmed cases in Brazil is much lower as compared to other countries we analyzed. Therefore, decision-makers, including the government, fail to know the actual dimension of the pandemic, which may interfere with the determination of control measures. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.5935/0103-507x.20200030 |
| format | Article |
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We estimated the actual number of COVID-19 cases using the reported number of deaths in Brazil and each state, and the expected case-fatality ratio from the World Health Organization. Brazil's expected case-fatality ratio was also adjusted by the population's age pyramid. Therefore, the notification rate can be defined as the number of confirmed cases (notified by the Ministry of Health) divided by the number of expected cases (estimated from the number of deaths).
The reporting rate for COVID-19 in Brazil was estimated at 9.2% (95%CI 8.8% - 9.5%), with all the states presenting rates below 30%. São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, the most populated states in Brazil, showed small reporting rates (8.9% and 7.2%, respectively). The highest reporting rate occurred in Roraima (31.7%) and the lowest in Paraiba (3.4%).
The results indicated that the reporting of confirmed cases in Brazil is much lower as compared to other countries we analyzed. Therefore, decision-makers, including the government, fail to know the actual dimension of the pandemic, which may interfere with the determination of control measures.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0103-507X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1982-4335</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.5935/0103-507x.20200030</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32667439</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Brazil: Associação de Medicina Intensiva Brasileira - AMIB</publisher><subject>Brazil - epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections - epidemiology ; COVID-19 ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Disease Notification - statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Original ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral - epidemiology</subject><ispartof>Revista Brasileira de terapia intensiva, 2020-06, Vol.32 (2), p.224-228</ispartof><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7405743/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7405743/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32667439$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Prado, Marcelo Freitas do</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Antunes, Bianca Brandão de Paula</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bastos, Leonardo Dos Santos Lourenço</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peres, Igor Tona</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Silva, Amanda de Araújo Batista da</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dantas, Leila Figueiredo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baião, Fernanda Araújo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maçaira, Paula</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hamacher, Silvio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bozza, Fernando Augusto</creatorcontrib><title>Analysis of COVID-19 under-reporting in Brazil</title><title>Revista Brasileira de terapia intensiva</title><addtitle>Rev Bras Ter Intensiva</addtitle><description>To estimate the reporting rates of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases for Brazil as a whole and states.
We estimated the actual number of COVID-19 cases using the reported number of deaths in Brazil and each state, and the expected case-fatality ratio from the World Health Organization. Brazil's expected case-fatality ratio was also adjusted by the population's age pyramid. Therefore, the notification rate can be defined as the number of confirmed cases (notified by the Ministry of Health) divided by the number of expected cases (estimated from the number of deaths).
The reporting rate for COVID-19 in Brazil was estimated at 9.2% (95%CI 8.8% - 9.5%), with all the states presenting rates below 30%. São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, the most populated states in Brazil, showed small reporting rates (8.9% and 7.2%, respectively). The highest reporting rate occurred in Roraima (31.7%) and the lowest in Paraiba (3.4%).
The results indicated that the reporting of confirmed cases in Brazil is much lower as compared to other countries we analyzed. Therefore, decision-makers, including the government, fail to know the actual dimension of the pandemic, which may interfere with the determination of control measures.</description><subject>Brazil - epidemiology</subject><subject>Coronavirus Infections - epidemiology</subject><subject>COVID-19</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Disease Notification - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Original</subject><subject>Pandemics</subject><subject>Pneumonia, Viral - epidemiology</subject><issn>0103-507X</issn><issn>1982-4335</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpVj01Lw0AYhBdRbK3-AQ-SP5D47r77kb0INX4VCr0U8RZ2k926kiZh04r111vQip7mMDPPMIRcUsiERnENFDAVoD4yBgwAEI7ImOqcpRxRHJPxIfAyImfD8AYggUp5SkbIpFQc9Zhk09Y0uyEMSeeTYvE8u0upTrZt7WIaXd_FTWhXSWiT22g-Q3NOTrxpBnfxoxOyfLhfFk_pfPE4K6bztFf5ftKp2qC2praeVrwSubbIqbeKCa8BrOaUKlsxVqFExxS1wnlOc8OlFwg4ITff2H5r166uXLuJpin7GNYm7srOhPK_04bXctW9l4qD2B_bA67-An6bh-P4BVmAWng</recordid><startdate>202006</startdate><enddate>202006</enddate><creator>Prado, Marcelo Freitas do</creator><creator>Antunes, Bianca Brandão de Paula</creator><creator>Bastos, Leonardo Dos Santos Lourenço</creator><creator>Peres, Igor Tona</creator><creator>Silva, Amanda de Araújo Batista da</creator><creator>Dantas, Leila Figueiredo</creator><creator>Baião, Fernanda Araújo</creator><creator>Maçaira, Paula</creator><creator>Hamacher, Silvio</creator><creator>Bozza, Fernando Augusto</creator><general>Associação de Medicina Intensiva Brasileira - AMIB</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>202006</creationdate><title>Analysis of COVID-19 under-reporting in Brazil</title><author>Prado, Marcelo Freitas do ; Antunes, Bianca Brandão de Paula ; Bastos, Leonardo Dos Santos Lourenço ; Peres, Igor Tona ; Silva, Amanda de Araújo Batista da ; Dantas, Leila Figueiredo ; Baião, Fernanda Araújo ; Maçaira, Paula ; Hamacher, Silvio ; Bozza, Fernando Augusto</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-p783-5e7da39badbf1c4c589b341fb725f900b94117bc22c363e271b5ef418a46f5303</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Brazil - epidemiology</topic><topic>Coronavirus Infections - epidemiology</topic><topic>COVID-19</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Disease Notification - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Original</topic><topic>Pandemics</topic><topic>Pneumonia, Viral - epidemiology</topic><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Prado, Marcelo Freitas do</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Antunes, Bianca Brandão de Paula</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bastos, Leonardo Dos Santos Lourenço</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peres, Igor Tona</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Silva, Amanda de Araújo Batista da</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dantas, Leila Figueiredo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baião, Fernanda Araújo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maçaira, Paula</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hamacher, Silvio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bozza, Fernando Augusto</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Revista Brasileira de terapia intensiva</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Prado, Marcelo Freitas do</au><au>Antunes, Bianca Brandão de Paula</au><au>Bastos, Leonardo Dos Santos Lourenço</au><au>Peres, Igor Tona</au><au>Silva, Amanda de Araújo Batista da</au><au>Dantas, Leila Figueiredo</au><au>Baião, Fernanda Araújo</au><au>Maçaira, Paula</au><au>Hamacher, Silvio</au><au>Bozza, Fernando Augusto</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Analysis of COVID-19 under-reporting in Brazil</atitle><jtitle>Revista Brasileira de terapia intensiva</jtitle><addtitle>Rev Bras Ter Intensiva</addtitle><date>2020-06</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>32</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>224</spage><epage>228</epage><pages>224-228</pages><issn>0103-507X</issn><eissn>1982-4335</eissn><abstract>To estimate the reporting rates of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases for Brazil as a whole and states.
We estimated the actual number of COVID-19 cases using the reported number of deaths in Brazil and each state, and the expected case-fatality ratio from the World Health Organization. Brazil's expected case-fatality ratio was also adjusted by the population's age pyramid. Therefore, the notification rate can be defined as the number of confirmed cases (notified by the Ministry of Health) divided by the number of expected cases (estimated from the number of deaths).
The reporting rate for COVID-19 in Brazil was estimated at 9.2% (95%CI 8.8% - 9.5%), with all the states presenting rates below 30%. São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, the most populated states in Brazil, showed small reporting rates (8.9% and 7.2%, respectively). The highest reporting rate occurred in Roraima (31.7%) and the lowest in Paraiba (3.4%).
The results indicated that the reporting of confirmed cases in Brazil is much lower as compared to other countries we analyzed. Therefore, decision-makers, including the government, fail to know the actual dimension of the pandemic, which may interfere with the determination of control measures.</abstract><cop>Brazil</cop><pub>Associação de Medicina Intensiva Brasileira - AMIB</pub><pmid>32667439</pmid><doi>10.5935/0103-507x.20200030</doi><tpages>5</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Brazil - epidemiology Coronavirus Infections - epidemiology COVID-19 Cross-Sectional Studies Disease Notification - statistics & numerical data Humans Original Pandemics Pneumonia, Viral - epidemiology |
| title | Analysis of COVID-19 under-reporting in Brazil |
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