METHYLTRANSFERASE1 and Ripening Modulate Vivipary during Tomato Fruit Development

Vivipary, wherein seeds germinate prior to dispersal while still associated with the maternal plant, is an adaptation to extreme environments. It is normally inhibited by the establishment of dormancy. The genetic framework of vivipary has been well studied; however, the role of epigenetics in vivip...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Plant physiology (Bethesda) 2020-08, Vol.183 (4), p.1883-1897
Hauptverfasser:	Yao, Mengqin, Chen, Weiwei, Kong, Junhua, Zhang, Xinlian, Shi, Nongnong, Zhong, Silin, Ma, Ping, Gallusci, Philippe, Jackson, Stephen, Liu, Yule, Hong, Yiguo
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Schlagworte:	Dioxygenases - metabolism Environmental Sciences Epigenesis, Genetic - genetics Fruit - enzymology Fruit - metabolism Gene Expression Regulation, Plant Plant Proteins - metabolism Plants, Genetically Modified - enzymology Plants, Genetically Modified - metabolism Promoter Regions, Genetic - genetics Solanum lycopersicum - enzymology Solanum lycopersicum - metabolism
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container_title	Plant physiology (Bethesda)
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creator	Yao, Mengqin Chen, Weiwei Kong, Junhua Zhang, Xinlian Shi, Nongnong Zhong, Silin Ma, Ping Gallusci, Philippe Jackson, Stephen Liu, Yule Hong, Yiguo
description	Vivipary, wherein seeds germinate prior to dispersal while still associated with the maternal plant, is an adaptation to extreme environments. It is normally inhibited by the establishment of dormancy. The genetic framework of vivipary has been well studied; however, the role of epigenetics in vivipary remains unknown. Here, we report that silencing of ( ) promoted precocious seed germination and seedling growth within the tomato ( ) epimutant - ( ) fruits. This was associated with decreases in abscisic acid concentration and levels of mRNA encoding 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid-dioxygenase (SlNCED), which is involved in abscisic acid biosynthesis. Differentially methylated regions were identified in promoters of differentially expressed genes, including knockdown also induced viviparous seedling growth in fruits. Strikingly, ripening reversion suppressed vivipary. Moreover, neither / -virus-induced gene silencing nor transgenic -RNA interference produced vivipary in wild-type tomatoes; the latter affected leaf architecture, arrested flowering, and repressed seed development. Thus, a dual pathway in ripening and -mediated epigenetics coordinates the blockage of seed vivipary.
doi_str_mv	10.1104/pp.20.00499
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subjects	Dioxygenases - metabolism Environmental Sciences Epigenesis, Genetic - genetics Fruit - enzymology Fruit - metabolism Gene Expression Regulation, Plant Plant Proteins - metabolism Plants, Genetically Modified - enzymology Plants, Genetically Modified - metabolism Promoter Regions, Genetic - genetics Solanum lycopersicum - enzymology Solanum lycopersicum - metabolism
title	METHYLTRANSFERASE1 and Ripening Modulate Vivipary during Tomato Fruit Development
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