Implant Retention or Removal for Management of Surgical Site Infection After Spinal Surgery
Study Design: A literature review. Objective: To summarize the implant removal rate, common bacterial organisms found, time of onset, ratio of superficial to deep infection, and regurgitating the prevalence among all the retrospective and prospective studies on management and characterization of sur...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Global Spine Journal 2020-08, Vol.10 (5), p.640-646 |
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| creator | Agarwal, Aakash Kelkar, Amey Agarwal, Ashish G. Jayaswal, Daksh Schultz, Christian Jayaswal, Arvind Goel, Vijay K. Agarwal, Anand K. Gidvani, Sandeep |
| description | Study Design:
A literature review.
Objective:
To summarize the implant removal rate, common bacterial organisms found, time of onset, ratio of superficial to deep infection, and regurgitating the prevalence among all the retrospective and prospective studies on management and characterization of surgical site infections (SSIs).
Methods:
PubMed was searched for articles published between 2000 and 2018 on the management or characterization of SSIs after spinal surgery. Only prospective and retrospective studies were included.
Results:
A total of 49 articles were found relevant to the objective. These studies highlighted the importance of implant removal to avoid recurrence of SSI. The common organisms detected were methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermis, Staphylococcus epidermis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Propionibacterium acnes, with prevalence of 1% to 15%. A major proportion of all were deep SSI, with minority reporting on late-onset SSI.
Conclusion:
Long-term antibiotics administration, and continuous irrigation and debridement were common suggestion among the authors; however, the key measure undertaken or implied by most authors to avoid risk of recurrence was removal or replacement of implants for late-onset SSI. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1177/2192568219869330 |
| format | Article |
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A literature review.
Objective:
To summarize the implant removal rate, common bacterial organisms found, time of onset, ratio of superficial to deep infection, and regurgitating the prevalence among all the retrospective and prospective studies on management and characterization of surgical site infections (SSIs).
Methods:
PubMed was searched for articles published between 2000 and 2018 on the management or characterization of SSIs after spinal surgery. Only prospective and retrospective studies were included.
Results:
A total of 49 articles were found relevant to the objective. These studies highlighted the importance of implant removal to avoid recurrence of SSI. The common organisms detected were methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermis, Staphylococcus epidermis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Propionibacterium acnes, with prevalence of 1% to 15%. A major proportion of all were deep SSI, with minority reporting on late-onset SSI.
Conclusion:
Long-term antibiotics administration, and continuous irrigation and debridement were common suggestion among the authors; however, the key measure undertaken or implied by most authors to avoid risk of recurrence was removal or replacement of implants for late-onset SSI.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2192-5682</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2192-5690</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1177/2192568219869330</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32677561</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Los Angeles, CA: SAGE Publications</publisher><subject>Back surgery ; Review ; Staphylococcus infections ; Surgical site infections ; Transplants & implants</subject><ispartof>Global Spine Journal, 2020-08, Vol.10 (5), p.640-646</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2019</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2019. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution – Non-Commercial – No Derivatives License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2019 2019 AO Spine, unless otherwise noted. Manuscript content on this site is licensed under Creative Commons Licenses</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c528t-71875ebc1b184e9381467c79706362ad98c85490e105abfcfa597e00196be9903</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c528t-71875ebc1b184e9381467c79706362ad98c85490e105abfcfa597e00196be9903</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-6183-3765</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7359681/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7359681/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,313,314,727,780,784,792,864,885,21966,27853,27922,27924,27925,44945,45333,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32677561$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Agarwal, Aakash</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kelkar, Amey</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Agarwal, Ashish G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jayaswal, Daksh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schultz, Christian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jayaswal, Arvind</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Goel, Vijay K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Agarwal, Anand K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gidvani, Sandeep</creatorcontrib><title>Implant Retention or Removal for Management of Surgical Site Infection After Spinal Surgery</title><title>Global Spine Journal</title><addtitle>Global Spine J</addtitle><description>Study Design:
A literature review.
Objective:
To summarize the implant removal rate, common bacterial organisms found, time of onset, ratio of superficial to deep infection, and regurgitating the prevalence among all the retrospective and prospective studies on management and characterization of surgical site infections (SSIs).
Methods:
PubMed was searched for articles published between 2000 and 2018 on the management or characterization of SSIs after spinal surgery. Only prospective and retrospective studies were included.
Results:
A total of 49 articles were found relevant to the objective. These studies highlighted the importance of implant removal to avoid recurrence of SSI. The common organisms detected were methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermis, Staphylococcus epidermis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Propionibacterium acnes, with prevalence of 1% to 15%. A major proportion of all were deep SSI, with minority reporting on late-onset SSI.
Conclusion:
Long-term antibiotics administration, and continuous irrigation and debridement were common suggestion among the authors; however, the key measure undertaken or implied by most authors to avoid risk of recurrence was removal or replacement of implants for late-onset SSI.</description><subject>Back surgery</subject><subject>Review</subject><subject>Staphylococcus infections</subject><subject>Surgical site infections</subject><subject>Transplants & implants</subject><issn>2192-5682</issn><issn>2192-5690</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>AFRWT</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kctLxDAQxoMoKurdkxS8eKnm0bwugoiPhRXB1ZOHkMbpWmmbNWkF_3uzu7o-wFwmyfebLzMZhPYJPiZEyhNKNOVCpaCEZgyvoe35Vc6FxuurvaJbaC_GF5yWoJIRuom2GBVSckG20eOonTW267M76KHra99lPqRD699sk1Vpf2M7O4U2iZmvsskQprVL0qTuIRt1FbhF0lnVQ8gms7qbawmC8L6LNirbRNj7jDvo4fLi_vw6H99ejc7PxrnjVPW5JEpyKB0piSpAM0UKIZ3UEgsmqH3SyileaAwEc1tWrrJcS8CYaFGC1pjtoNOl72woW3hyqdRgGzMLdWvDu_G2Nr-Vrn42U_9mJONaKJIMjj4Ngn8dIPamraODJn0M-CEaWtBCa000T-jhH_TFDyE1vaA4V5hJmii8pFzwMQaoVsUQbObDM3-Hl1IOfjaxSvgaVQLyJRDTOL5f_dfwA6_toJ8</recordid><startdate>20200801</startdate><enddate>20200801</enddate><creator>Agarwal, Aakash</creator><creator>Kelkar, Amey</creator><creator>Agarwal, Ashish G.</creator><creator>Jayaswal, Daksh</creator><creator>Schultz, Christian</creator><creator>Jayaswal, Arvind</creator><creator>Goel, Vijay K.</creator><creator>Agarwal, Anand K.</creator><creator>Gidvani, Sandeep</creator><general>SAGE Publications</general><general>Sage Publications Ltd</general><scope>AFRWT</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6183-3765</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20200801</creationdate><title>Implant Retention or Removal for Management of Surgical Site Infection After Spinal Surgery</title><author>Agarwal, Aakash ; Kelkar, Amey ; Agarwal, Ashish G. ; Jayaswal, Daksh ; Schultz, Christian ; Jayaswal, Arvind ; Goel, Vijay K. ; Agarwal, Anand K. ; Gidvani, Sandeep</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c528t-71875ebc1b184e9381467c79706362ad98c85490e105abfcfa597e00196be9903</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Back surgery</topic><topic>Review</topic><topic>Staphylococcus infections</topic><topic>Surgical site infections</topic><topic>Transplants & implants</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Agarwal, Aakash</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kelkar, Amey</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Agarwal, Ashish G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jayaswal, Daksh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schultz, Christian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jayaswal, Arvind</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Goel, Vijay K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Agarwal, Anand K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gidvani, Sandeep</creatorcontrib><collection>SAGE Journals</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Global Spine Journal</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Agarwal, Aakash</au><au>Kelkar, Amey</au><au>Agarwal, Ashish G.</au><au>Jayaswal, Daksh</au><au>Schultz, Christian</au><au>Jayaswal, Arvind</au><au>Goel, Vijay K.</au><au>Agarwal, Anand K.</au><au>Gidvani, Sandeep</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Implant Retention or Removal for Management of Surgical Site Infection After Spinal Surgery</atitle><jtitle>Global Spine Journal</jtitle><addtitle>Global Spine J</addtitle><date>2020-08-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>10</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>640</spage><epage>646</epage><pages>640-646</pages><issn>2192-5682</issn><eissn>2192-5690</eissn><abstract>Study Design:
A literature review.
Objective:
To summarize the implant removal rate, common bacterial organisms found, time of onset, ratio of superficial to deep infection, and regurgitating the prevalence among all the retrospective and prospective studies on management and characterization of surgical site infections (SSIs).
Methods:
PubMed was searched for articles published between 2000 and 2018 on the management or characterization of SSIs after spinal surgery. Only prospective and retrospective studies were included.
Results:
A total of 49 articles were found relevant to the objective. These studies highlighted the importance of implant removal to avoid recurrence of SSI. The common organisms detected were methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermis, Staphylococcus epidermis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Propionibacterium acnes, with prevalence of 1% to 15%. A major proportion of all were deep SSI, with minority reporting on late-onset SSI.
Conclusion:
Long-term antibiotics administration, and continuous irrigation and debridement were common suggestion among the authors; however, the key measure undertaken or implied by most authors to avoid risk of recurrence was removal or replacement of implants for late-onset SSI.</abstract><cop>Los Angeles, CA</cop><pub>SAGE Publications</pub><pmid>32677561</pmid><doi>10.1177/2192568219869330</doi><tpages>7</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6183-3765</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| language | eng |
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| source | DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; SAGE Journals |
| subjects | Back surgery Review Staphylococcus infections Surgical site infections Transplants & implants |
| title | Implant Retention or Removal for Management of Surgical Site Infection After Spinal Surgery |
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