PAM staining intensity of primary neuroendocrine neoplasms is a potential prognostic biomarker
Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are rare epithelial tumors with heterogeneous and frequently unpredictable clinical behavior. Available biomarkers are insufficient to guide individual patient prognosis or therapy selection. Peptidylglycine α-amidating monooxygenase (PAM) is an enzyme expressed by ne...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Scientific reports 2020-07, Vol.10 (1), p.10943-10943, Article 10943 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | 10943 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 1 |
| container_start_page | 10943 |
| container_title | Scientific reports |
| container_volume | 10 |
| creator | Horton, Timothy M. Sundaram, Vandana Lee, Christine Hye-Jin Hornbacker, Kathleen Van Vleck, Aidan Benjamin, Kaisha N. Zemek, Allison Longacre, Teri A. Kunz, Pamela L. Annes, Justin P. |
| description | Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are rare epithelial tumors with heterogeneous and frequently unpredictable clinical behavior. Available biomarkers are insufficient to guide individual patient prognosis or therapy selection. Peptidylglycine α-amidating monooxygenase (PAM) is an enzyme expressed by neuroendocrine cells that participates in hormone maturation. The objective of this study was to assess the distribution, clinical associations and survival implications of PAM immunoreactivity in primary NENs. Of 109 primary NENs, 7% were PAM-negative, 25% were PAM-low and 68% were PAM-high. Staining intensity was high in small bowel (p = 0.04) and low in stomach (p = 0.004) NENs. PAM staining was lower in higher grade tumors (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/s41598-020-68071-6 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_7331689</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2420154038</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-becbc64d23b5865bb7831d7994c5f201c7583df8f24c8cd9e7b26763b96049bb3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9UU9vFSEcJEZjm2e_gAdD4sXLVv4vXJo0jdomNXqw1xJg2SftPnjCrkm_vb_2PWv1IBcgv5lhhkHoNSXHlHD9vgkqje4II53SpKedeoYOGRGyY5yx50_OB-iotRsCSzIjqHmJDjhTVBkiDtH119PPuM0u5ZTXOOU55pbmO1xGvK1p4-odznGpJeahhJpyhGvZTq5tGk4NO7wtQJmTmwBf1rm0OQXsUwHqbayv0IvRTS0e7fcVuvr44dvZeXf55dPF2ellF0Qv5s7H4IMSA-NeaiW97zWnQ2-MCHJkhIZeaj6MemQi6DCY2HumesW9UUQY7_kKnex0t4vfxCGApeomu49gi0v270lO3-26_LQ951RpAwLv9gK1_Fhim-0mtRCnyUHepVkmwIYU8PMAffsP9KYsNUM8QFEjpdBgbYXYDhVqaa3G8dEMJfa-Qbtr0EKD9qFBe0968zTGI-V3XwDgO0CDUV7H-uft_8j-AuLkqHw</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2419554876</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>PAM staining intensity of primary neuroendocrine neoplasms is a potential prognostic biomarker</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</source><source>Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals</source><source>Springer Nature OA Free Journals</source><source>Nature Free</source><source>PubMed Central</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><source>Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry</source><creator>Horton, Timothy M. ; Sundaram, Vandana ; Lee, Christine Hye-Jin ; Hornbacker, Kathleen ; Van Vleck, Aidan ; Benjamin, Kaisha N. ; Zemek, Allison ; Longacre, Teri A. ; Kunz, Pamela L. ; Annes, Justin P.</creator><creatorcontrib>Horton, Timothy M. ; Sundaram, Vandana ; Lee, Christine Hye-Jin ; Hornbacker, Kathleen ; Van Vleck, Aidan ; Benjamin, Kaisha N. ; Zemek, Allison ; Longacre, Teri A. ; Kunz, Pamela L. ; Annes, Justin P.</creatorcontrib><description>Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are rare epithelial tumors with heterogeneous and frequently unpredictable clinical behavior. Available biomarkers are insufficient to guide individual patient prognosis or therapy selection. Peptidylglycine α-amidating monooxygenase (PAM) is an enzyme expressed by neuroendocrine cells that participates in hormone maturation. The objective of this study was to assess the distribution, clinical associations and survival implications of PAM immunoreactivity in primary NENs. Of 109 primary NENs, 7% were PAM-negative, 25% were PAM-low and 68% were PAM-high. Staining intensity was high in small bowel (p = 0.04) and low in stomach (p = 0.004) NENs. PAM staining was lower in higher grade tumors (p < 0.001) and patients who died (p < 0.001) but did not vary by tumor size or stage at surgery. In patients who died, time to death was shorter in patients with reduced PAM immunoreactivity: median times to death were 11.3 (PAM-negative), 29.4 (PAM-low) and 61.7 (PAM-high) months. Lower PAM staining was associated with increased risk of death after adjusting for disease stage [PAM negative, HR = 13.8 (CI: 4.2–45.5)]. PAM immunoreactivity in primary NENs is readily assessable and a potentially useful stage-independent predictor of survival.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2045-2322</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2045-2322</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68071-6</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32616904</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Nature Publishing Group UK</publisher><subject>631/1647/664/1257 ; 692/4028/67/1459/1963 ; 692/4028/67/1857 ; 692/53/2422 ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Amidine-Lyases - metabolism ; Biomarkers ; Biomarkers, Tumor - metabolism ; Death ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humanities and Social Sciences ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry - methods ; Immunoreactivity ; Male ; Medical prognosis ; Middle Aged ; Mixed Function Oxygenases - metabolism ; Monooxygenase ; Mortality ; multidisciplinary ; Neuroendocrine tumors ; Neuroendocrine Tumors - metabolism ; Neuroendocrine Tumors - pathology ; Neuroendocrine Tumors - surgery ; Patients ; Prognosis ; Science ; Science (multidisciplinary) ; Small intestine ; Surgery ; Survival Rate ; Tumors</subject><ispartof>Scientific reports, 2020-07, Vol.10 (1), p.10943-10943, Article 10943</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2020</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2020. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-becbc64d23b5865bb7831d7994c5f201c7583df8f24c8cd9e7b26763b96049bb3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-becbc64d23b5865bb7831d7994c5f201c7583df8f24c8cd9e7b26763b96049bb3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7331689/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7331689/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,725,778,782,862,883,27907,27908,41103,42172,51559,53774,53776</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32616904$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Horton, Timothy M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sundaram, Vandana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Christine Hye-Jin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hornbacker, Kathleen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Van Vleck, Aidan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Benjamin, Kaisha N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zemek, Allison</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Longacre, Teri A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kunz, Pamela L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Annes, Justin P.</creatorcontrib><title>PAM staining intensity of primary neuroendocrine neoplasms is a potential prognostic biomarker</title><title>Scientific reports</title><addtitle>Sci Rep</addtitle><addtitle>Sci Rep</addtitle><description>Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are rare epithelial tumors with heterogeneous and frequently unpredictable clinical behavior. Available biomarkers are insufficient to guide individual patient prognosis or therapy selection. Peptidylglycine α-amidating monooxygenase (PAM) is an enzyme expressed by neuroendocrine cells that participates in hormone maturation. The objective of this study was to assess the distribution, clinical associations and survival implications of PAM immunoreactivity in primary NENs. Of 109 primary NENs, 7% were PAM-negative, 25% were PAM-low and 68% were PAM-high. Staining intensity was high in small bowel (p = 0.04) and low in stomach (p = 0.004) NENs. PAM staining was lower in higher grade tumors (p < 0.001) and patients who died (p < 0.001) but did not vary by tumor size or stage at surgery. In patients who died, time to death was shorter in patients with reduced PAM immunoreactivity: median times to death were 11.3 (PAM-negative), 29.4 (PAM-low) and 61.7 (PAM-high) months. Lower PAM staining was associated with increased risk of death after adjusting for disease stage [PAM negative, HR = 13.8 (CI: 4.2–45.5)]. PAM immunoreactivity in primary NENs is readily assessable and a potentially useful stage-independent predictor of survival.</description><subject>631/1647/664/1257</subject><subject>692/4028/67/1459/1963</subject><subject>692/4028/67/1857</subject><subject>692/53/2422</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Amidine-Lyases - metabolism</subject><subject>Biomarkers</subject><subject>Biomarkers, Tumor - metabolism</subject><subject>Death</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Follow-Up Studies</subject><subject>Humanities and Social Sciences</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunohistochemistry - methods</subject><subject>Immunoreactivity</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical prognosis</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Mixed Function Oxygenases - metabolism</subject><subject>Monooxygenase</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>multidisciplinary</subject><subject>Neuroendocrine tumors</subject><subject>Neuroendocrine Tumors - metabolism</subject><subject>Neuroendocrine Tumors - pathology</subject><subject>Neuroendocrine Tumors - surgery</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Prognosis</subject><subject>Science</subject><subject>Science (multidisciplinary)</subject><subject>Small intestine</subject><subject>Surgery</subject><subject>Survival Rate</subject><subject>Tumors</subject><issn>2045-2322</issn><issn>2045-2322</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>C6C</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp9UU9vFSEcJEZjm2e_gAdD4sXLVv4vXJo0jdomNXqw1xJg2SftPnjCrkm_vb_2PWv1IBcgv5lhhkHoNSXHlHD9vgkqje4II53SpKedeoYOGRGyY5yx50_OB-iotRsCSzIjqHmJDjhTVBkiDtH119PPuM0u5ZTXOOU55pbmO1xGvK1p4-odznGpJeahhJpyhGvZTq5tGk4NO7wtQJmTmwBf1rm0OQXsUwHqbayv0IvRTS0e7fcVuvr44dvZeXf55dPF2ellF0Qv5s7H4IMSA-NeaiW97zWnQ2-MCHJkhIZeaj6MemQi6DCY2HumesW9UUQY7_kKnex0t4vfxCGApeomu49gi0v270lO3-26_LQ951RpAwLv9gK1_Fhim-0mtRCnyUHepVkmwIYU8PMAffsP9KYsNUM8QFEjpdBgbYXYDhVqaa3G8dEMJfa-Qbtr0EKD9qFBe0968zTGI-V3XwDgO0CDUV7H-uft_8j-AuLkqHw</recordid><startdate>20200702</startdate><enddate>20200702</enddate><creator>Horton, Timothy M.</creator><creator>Sundaram, Vandana</creator><creator>Lee, Christine Hye-Jin</creator><creator>Hornbacker, Kathleen</creator><creator>Van Vleck, Aidan</creator><creator>Benjamin, Kaisha N.</creator><creator>Zemek, Allison</creator><creator>Longacre, Teri A.</creator><creator>Kunz, Pamela L.</creator><creator>Annes, Justin P.</creator><general>Nature Publishing Group UK</general><general>Nature Publishing Group</general><scope>C6C</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20200702</creationdate><title>PAM staining intensity of primary neuroendocrine neoplasms is a potential prognostic biomarker</title><author>Horton, Timothy M. ; Sundaram, Vandana ; Lee, Christine Hye-Jin ; Hornbacker, Kathleen ; Van Vleck, Aidan ; Benjamin, Kaisha N. ; Zemek, Allison ; Longacre, Teri A. ; Kunz, Pamela L. ; Annes, Justin P.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-becbc64d23b5865bb7831d7994c5f201c7583df8f24c8cd9e7b26763b96049bb3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>631/1647/664/1257</topic><topic>692/4028/67/1459/1963</topic><topic>692/4028/67/1857</topic><topic>692/53/2422</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Amidine-Lyases - metabolism</topic><topic>Biomarkers</topic><topic>Biomarkers, Tumor - metabolism</topic><topic>Death</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Follow-Up Studies</topic><topic>Humanities and Social Sciences</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immunohistochemistry - methods</topic><topic>Immunoreactivity</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical prognosis</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Mixed Function Oxygenases - metabolism</topic><topic>Monooxygenase</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>multidisciplinary</topic><topic>Neuroendocrine tumors</topic><topic>Neuroendocrine Tumors - metabolism</topic><topic>Neuroendocrine Tumors - pathology</topic><topic>Neuroendocrine Tumors - surgery</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Prognosis</topic><topic>Science</topic><topic>Science (multidisciplinary)</topic><topic>Small intestine</topic><topic>Surgery</topic><topic>Survival Rate</topic><topic>Tumors</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Horton, Timothy M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sundaram, Vandana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Christine Hye-Jin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hornbacker, Kathleen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Van Vleck, Aidan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Benjamin, Kaisha N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zemek, Allison</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Longacre, Teri A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kunz, Pamela L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Annes, Justin P.</creatorcontrib><collection>Springer Nature OA Free Journals</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Biology Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection (ProQuest)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Science Database (ProQuest)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Scientific reports</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Horton, Timothy M.</au><au>Sundaram, Vandana</au><au>Lee, Christine Hye-Jin</au><au>Hornbacker, Kathleen</au><au>Van Vleck, Aidan</au><au>Benjamin, Kaisha N.</au><au>Zemek, Allison</au><au>Longacre, Teri A.</au><au>Kunz, Pamela L.</au><au>Annes, Justin P.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>PAM staining intensity of primary neuroendocrine neoplasms is a potential prognostic biomarker</atitle><jtitle>Scientific reports</jtitle><stitle>Sci Rep</stitle><addtitle>Sci Rep</addtitle><date>2020-07-02</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>10</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>10943</spage><epage>10943</epage><pages>10943-10943</pages><artnum>10943</artnum><issn>2045-2322</issn><eissn>2045-2322</eissn><abstract>Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are rare epithelial tumors with heterogeneous and frequently unpredictable clinical behavior. Available biomarkers are insufficient to guide individual patient prognosis or therapy selection. Peptidylglycine α-amidating monooxygenase (PAM) is an enzyme expressed by neuroendocrine cells that participates in hormone maturation. The objective of this study was to assess the distribution, clinical associations and survival implications of PAM immunoreactivity in primary NENs. Of 109 primary NENs, 7% were PAM-negative, 25% were PAM-low and 68% were PAM-high. Staining intensity was high in small bowel (p = 0.04) and low in stomach (p = 0.004) NENs. PAM staining was lower in higher grade tumors (p < 0.001) and patients who died (p < 0.001) but did not vary by tumor size or stage at surgery. In patients who died, time to death was shorter in patients with reduced PAM immunoreactivity: median times to death were 11.3 (PAM-negative), 29.4 (PAM-low) and 61.7 (PAM-high) months. Lower PAM staining was associated with increased risk of death after adjusting for disease stage [PAM negative, HR = 13.8 (CI: 4.2–45.5)]. PAM immunoreactivity in primary NENs is readily assessable and a potentially useful stage-independent predictor of survival.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group UK</pub><pmid>32616904</pmid><doi>10.1038/s41598-020-68071-6</doi><tpages>1</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 2045-2322 |
| ispartof | Scientific reports, 2020-07, Vol.10 (1), p.10943-10943, Article 10943 |
| issn | 2045-2322 2045-2322 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_7331689 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Springer Nature OA Free Journals; Nature Free; PubMed Central; Alma/SFX Local Collection; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | 631/1647/664/1257 692/4028/67/1459/1963 692/4028/67/1857 692/53/2422 Aged Aged, 80 and over Amidine-Lyases - metabolism Biomarkers Biomarkers, Tumor - metabolism Death Female Follow-Up Studies Humanities and Social Sciences Humans Immunohistochemistry - methods Immunoreactivity Male Medical prognosis Middle Aged Mixed Function Oxygenases - metabolism Monooxygenase Mortality multidisciplinary Neuroendocrine tumors Neuroendocrine Tumors - metabolism Neuroendocrine Tumors - pathology Neuroendocrine Tumors - surgery Patients Prognosis Science Science (multidisciplinary) Small intestine Surgery Survival Rate Tumors |
| title | PAM staining intensity of primary neuroendocrine neoplasms is a potential prognostic biomarker |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-16T07%3A56%3A33IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_pubme&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=PAM%20staining%20intensity%20of%20primary%20neuroendocrine%20neoplasms%20is%20a%20potential%20prognostic%20biomarker&rft.jtitle=Scientific%20reports&rft.au=Horton,%20Timothy%20M.&rft.date=2020-07-02&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=10943&rft.epage=10943&rft.pages=10943-10943&rft.artnum=10943&rft.issn=2045-2322&rft.eissn=2045-2322&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038/s41598-020-68071-6&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_pubme%3E2420154038%3C/proquest_pubme%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2419554876&rft_id=info:pmid/32616904&rfr_iscdi=true |