Four decades of socio-economic inequality and secular change in the physical growth of Guatemalans
To investigate changes in socio-economic inequalities in growth in height, weight, BMI and grip strength in children born during 1955-1993 in Guatemala, a period of marked socio-economic-political change. We modelled longitudinal data on height, weight, BMI and hand grip strength using Super-Imposit...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Public health nutrition 2020-06, Vol.23 (8), p.1381-1391 |
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| creator | Mansukoski, Liina Johnson, William Brooke-Wavell, Katherine Galvez-Sobral, J Andres Furlán, Luis Cole, Tim J Bogin, Barry |
| description | To investigate changes in socio-economic inequalities in growth in height, weight, BMI and grip strength in children born during 1955-1993 in Guatemala, a period of marked socio-economic-political change.
We modelled longitudinal data on height, weight, BMI and hand grip strength using Super-Imposition by Translation and Rotation (SITAR). Internal Z-scores summarising growth size, timing and intensity (peak growth velocity, e.g. cm/year) were created to investigate inequalities by socio-economic position (SEP; measured by school attended). Interactions of SEP with date of birth were investigated to capture secular changes in inequalities.
Urban and peri-urban schools in the region of Guatemala City, Guatemala.
Participants were 40 484 children and adolescents aged 3-19 years of Ladino and Maya ancestry (nobservations 157 067).
The difference in height (SITAR size) between lowest and highest SEP decreased from -2·0 (95 % CI -2·2, -1·9) sd to -1·4 (95 % CI -1·5, -1·3) sd in males, and from -2·0 (95 % CI -2·1, -1·9) sd to -1·2 (95 % CI -1·3, -1·2) sd in females over the study period. Inequalities also reduced for weight, BMI and grip strength, due to greater secular increases in lowest-SEP groups. The puberty period was earlier and shorter in higher-SEP individuals (earlier SITAR timing and higher SITAR intensity). All SEP groups showed increases in BMI intensity over time.
Inequality narrowed between the 1960s and 1990s. The lowest-SEP groups were still >1 sd shorter than the highest. Risks remain for reduced human capital and poorer population health for urban Guatemalans. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1017/S1368980019003239 |
| format | Article |
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We modelled longitudinal data on height, weight, BMI and hand grip strength using Super-Imposition by Translation and Rotation (SITAR). Internal Z-scores summarising growth size, timing and intensity (peak growth velocity, e.g. cm/year) were created to investigate inequalities by socio-economic position (SEP; measured by school attended). Interactions of SEP with date of birth were investigated to capture secular changes in inequalities.
Urban and peri-urban schools in the region of Guatemala City, Guatemala.
Participants were 40 484 children and adolescents aged 3-19 years of Ladino and Maya ancestry (nobservations 157 067).
The difference in height (SITAR size) between lowest and highest SEP decreased from -2·0 (95 % CI -2·2, -1·9) sd to -1·4 (95 % CI -1·5, -1·3) sd in males, and from -2·0 (95 % CI -2·1, -1·9) sd to -1·2 (95 % CI -1·3, -1·2) sd in females over the study period. Inequalities also reduced for weight, BMI and grip strength, due to greater secular increases in lowest-SEP groups. The puberty period was earlier and shorter in higher-SEP individuals (earlier SITAR timing and higher SITAR intensity). All SEP groups showed increases in BMI intensity over time.
Inequality narrowed between the 1960s and 1990s. The lowest-SEP groups were still >1 sd shorter than the highest. Risks remain for reduced human capital and poorer population health for urban Guatemalans.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1368-9800</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1475-2727</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1475-2727</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1017/S1368980019003239</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31801643</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Cambridge University Press</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; adolescents ; ancestry ; Body Height ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weight ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Children ; Children & youth ; Economic models ; Economics ; Education ; Families & family life ; Fees & charges ; Female ; females ; Grip strength ; Growth ; Growth models ; Guatemala ; Hand Strength ; Human capital ; Humans ; Inequality ; Longitudinal studies ; Male ; males ; Nutrition ; Obesity ; physical activity ; Political change ; Population ; Position measurement ; Puberty ; Research Paper ; Retrospective Studies ; Schools ; Socioeconomic Factors ; socioeconomic status ; Socioeconomics ; Students ; Weight reduction ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Public health nutrition, 2020-06, Vol.23 (8), p.1381-1391</ispartof><rights>2019 This article is published under (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/) (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>The Authors 2019 2019 The Authors</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c460t-45901566249b71c2b05468092d523b9ab862cd05907c5c9df93ad936c5766b843</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c460t-45901566249b71c2b05468092d523b9ab862cd05907c5c9df93ad936c5766b843</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-9481-4352</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7196735/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7196735/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31801643$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Mansukoski, Liina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Johnson, William</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brooke-Wavell, Katherine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Galvez-Sobral, J Andres</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Furlán, Luis</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cole, Tim J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bogin, Barry</creatorcontrib><title>Four decades of socio-economic inequality and secular change in the physical growth of Guatemalans</title><title>Public health nutrition</title><addtitle>Public Health Nutr</addtitle><description>To investigate changes in socio-economic inequalities in growth in height, weight, BMI and grip strength in children born during 1955-1993 in Guatemala, a period of marked socio-economic-political change.
We modelled longitudinal data on height, weight, BMI and hand grip strength using Super-Imposition by Translation and Rotation (SITAR). Internal Z-scores summarising growth size, timing and intensity (peak growth velocity, e.g. cm/year) were created to investigate inequalities by socio-economic position (SEP; measured by school attended). Interactions of SEP with date of birth were investigated to capture secular changes in inequalities.
Urban and peri-urban schools in the region of Guatemala City, Guatemala.
Participants were 40 484 children and adolescents aged 3-19 years of Ladino and Maya ancestry (nobservations 157 067).
The difference in height (SITAR size) between lowest and highest SEP decreased from -2·0 (95 % CI -2·2, -1·9) sd to -1·4 (95 % CI -1·5, -1·3) sd in males, and from -2·0 (95 % CI -2·1, -1·9) sd to -1·2 (95 % CI -1·3, -1·2) sd in females over the study period. Inequalities also reduced for weight, BMI and grip strength, due to greater secular increases in lowest-SEP groups. The puberty period was earlier and shorter in higher-SEP individuals (earlier SITAR timing and higher SITAR intensity). All SEP groups showed increases in BMI intensity over time.
Inequality narrowed between the 1960s and 1990s. The lowest-SEP groups were still >1 sd shorter than the highest. Risks remain for reduced human capital and poorer population health for urban Guatemalans.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>adolescents</subject><subject>ancestry</subject><subject>Body Height</subject><subject>Body Mass Index</subject><subject>Body Weight</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Children & youth</subject><subject>Economic models</subject><subject>Economics</subject><subject>Education</subject><subject>Families & family life</subject><subject>Fees & charges</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>females</subject><subject>Grip strength</subject><subject>Growth</subject><subject>Growth models</subject><subject>Guatemala</subject><subject>Hand Strength</subject><subject>Human capital</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Inequality</subject><subject>Longitudinal studies</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>males</subject><subject>Nutrition</subject><subject>Obesity</subject><subject>physical activity</subject><subject>Political change</subject><subject>Population</subject><subject>Position measurement</subject><subject>Puberty</subject><subject>Research Paper</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>Schools</subject><subject>Socioeconomic Factors</subject><subject>socioeconomic status</subject><subject>Socioeconomics</subject><subject>Students</subject><subject>Weight reduction</subject><subject>Young 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decades of socio-economic inequality and secular change in the physical growth of Guatemalans</title><author>Mansukoski, Liina ; Johnson, William ; Brooke-Wavell, Katherine ; Galvez-Sobral, J Andres ; Furlán, Luis ; Cole, Tim J ; Bogin, Barry</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c460t-45901566249b71c2b05468092d523b9ab862cd05907c5c9df93ad936c5766b843</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>adolescents</topic><topic>ancestry</topic><topic>Body Height</topic><topic>Body Mass Index</topic><topic>Body Weight</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>Children</topic><topic>Children & youth</topic><topic>Economic models</topic><topic>Economics</topic><topic>Education</topic><topic>Families & family life</topic><topic>Fees & charges</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>females</topic><topic>Grip 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William</au><au>Brooke-Wavell, Katherine</au><au>Galvez-Sobral, J Andres</au><au>Furlán, Luis</au><au>Cole, Tim J</au><au>Bogin, Barry</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Four decades of socio-economic inequality and secular change in the physical growth of Guatemalans</atitle><jtitle>Public health nutrition</jtitle><addtitle>Public Health Nutr</addtitle><date>2020-06-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>23</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>1381</spage><epage>1391</epage><pages>1381-1391</pages><issn>1368-9800</issn><issn>1475-2727</issn><eissn>1475-2727</eissn><abstract>To investigate changes in socio-economic inequalities in growth in height, weight, BMI and grip strength in children born during 1955-1993 in Guatemala, a period of marked socio-economic-political change.
We modelled longitudinal data on height, weight, BMI and hand grip strength using Super-Imposition by Translation and Rotation (SITAR). Internal Z-scores summarising growth size, timing and intensity (peak growth velocity, e.g. cm/year) were created to investigate inequalities by socio-economic position (SEP; measured by school attended). Interactions of SEP with date of birth were investigated to capture secular changes in inequalities.
Urban and peri-urban schools in the region of Guatemala City, Guatemala.
Participants were 40 484 children and adolescents aged 3-19 years of Ladino and Maya ancestry (nobservations 157 067).
The difference in height (SITAR size) between lowest and highest SEP decreased from -2·0 (95 % CI -2·2, -1·9) sd to -1·4 (95 % CI -1·5, -1·3) sd in males, and from -2·0 (95 % CI -2·1, -1·9) sd to -1·2 (95 % CI -1·3, -1·2) sd in females over the study period. Inequalities also reduced for weight, BMI and grip strength, due to greater secular increases in lowest-SEP groups. The puberty period was earlier and shorter in higher-SEP individuals (earlier SITAR timing and higher SITAR intensity). All SEP groups showed increases in BMI intensity over time.
Inequality narrowed between the 1960s and 1990s. The lowest-SEP groups were still >1 sd shorter than the highest. Risks remain for reduced human capital and poorer population health for urban Guatemalans.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Cambridge University Press</pub><pmid>31801643</pmid><doi>10.1017/S1368980019003239</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9481-4352</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adolescent adolescents ancestry Body Height Body Mass Index Body Weight Child Child, Preschool Children Children & youth Economic models Economics Education Families & family life Fees & charges Female females Grip strength Growth Growth models Guatemala Hand Strength Human capital Humans Inequality Longitudinal studies Male males Nutrition Obesity physical activity Political change Population Position measurement Puberty Research Paper Retrospective Studies Schools Socioeconomic Factors socioeconomic status Socioeconomics Students Weight reduction Young Adult |
| title | Four decades of socio-economic inequality and secular change in the physical growth of Guatemalans |
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