Genotyping of Clostridium perfringens Isolates from Domestic Livestock in Saudi Arabia
The present study was undertaken to confirm the genetic identity of Clostridium perfringens isolates from domestic livestock in Saudi Arabia and to characterize the genes encoding to alpha, beta, epsilon, and iota (α-, β-, ε-, and ι-) toxins. C. perfringens were confirmed in 104 out of 136 isolates...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | BioMed research international 2020, Vol.2020 (2020), p.1-9 |
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| creator | Alagaili, Abdulaziz N. Aljulaifi, Mohammed Z. Babiker, Salah Eldin H. Al-Olayan, Ebtesam M. Omer, Sawsan A. Muhammad, Usamah B. |
| description | The present study was undertaken to confirm the genetic identity of Clostridium perfringens isolates from domestic livestock in Saudi Arabia and to characterize the genes encoding to alpha, beta, epsilon, and iota (α-, β-, ε-, and ι-) toxins. C. perfringens were confirmed in 104 out of 136 isolates on multiplex polymerase chain reaction using specific primers amplifying genes related to toxins produced by C. perfringens. Genes encoding α-toxins were detected in 104 samples. Of the isolates, 80.8% were diagnosed as type A, 15.4% as type D, 2.9% as type C, and 0.96% as type B. None of the isolates has genes encoding iota (ι-) toxin. All isolates investigated yielded enterotoxin (cpe) products and none yielded β2 (cpb2-toxin) or NetB products. PLC gene sequences encoding α-toxin showed >96.7% similarity. Isolates which had α-toxins as well as enterotoxin (cpe) are regarded as type F. Phylogenetic analysis using maximum likelihood analysis yielded two clades, and the majority of the isolates were in one group while only two isolates clustered on the second clade. Within the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia strains, 54 variable positions and 23 polymorphic amino acids were noticed. Isolates with ε- and β-toxins were variable and were found to be close to those published for C. perfringens. ETX gene sequences encoding ε-toxins were found to be related to CPE sequences. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1155/2020/9035341 |
| format | Article |
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C. perfringens were confirmed in 104 out of 136 isolates on multiplex polymerase chain reaction using specific primers amplifying genes related to toxins produced by C. perfringens. Genes encoding α-toxins were detected in 104 samples. Of the isolates, 80.8% were diagnosed as type A, 15.4% as type D, 2.9% as type C, and 0.96% as type B. None of the isolates has genes encoding iota (ι-) toxin. All isolates investigated yielded enterotoxin (cpe) products and none yielded β2 (cpb2-toxin) or NetB products. PLC gene sequences encoding α-toxin showed >96.7% similarity. Isolates which had α-toxins as well as enterotoxin (cpe) are regarded as type F. Phylogenetic analysis using maximum likelihood analysis yielded two clades, and the majority of the isolates were in one group while only two isolates clustered on the second clade. Within the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia strains, 54 variable positions and 23 polymorphic amino acids were noticed. Isolates with ε- and β-toxins were variable and were found to be close to those published for C. perfringens. ETX gene sequences encoding ε-toxins were found to be related to CPE sequences.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2314-6133</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2314-6141</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1155/2020/9035341</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32280706</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cairo, Egypt: Hindawi Publishing Corporation</publisher><subject>Amino acids ; Animals ; Bacterial Toxins - genetics ; Cattle ; Clostridium Infections - microbiology ; Clostridium perfringens ; Clostridium perfringens - classification ; Clostridium perfringens - genetics ; Clostridium perfringens - isolation & purification ; Deoxyribonucleic acid ; DNA ; Dogs ; Enterotoxins - genetics ; Gene sequencing ; Genes ; Genes, Bacterial - genetics ; Genotype ; Genotyping ; Investigations ; Laboratory animals ; Livestock ; Livestock - microbiology ; Livestock industry ; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Phylogenetics ; Phylogeny ; Plc gene ; Polymerase chain reaction ; Saudi Arabia ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sheep ; Thermal cycling ; Toxins ; α-Toxin</subject><ispartof>BioMed research international, 2020, Vol.2020 (2020), p.1-9</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2020 Sawsan A. Omer et al.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2020 Sawsan A. Omer et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</rights><rights>Copyright © 2020 Sawsan A. Omer et al. 2020</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c461t-ed720fd38cfa5f01c617cbd8e7c09ced63ca580db1deab778ff11520bbded6213</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c461t-ed720fd38cfa5f01c617cbd8e7c09ced63ca580db1deab778ff11520bbded6213</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-5457-2555 ; 0000-0001-7922-9411</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7128066/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7128066/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,4024,27923,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32280706$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Shi, Pengjun</contributor><contributor>Pengjun Shi</contributor><creatorcontrib>Alagaili, Abdulaziz N.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aljulaifi, Mohammed Z.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Babiker, Salah Eldin H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Al-Olayan, Ebtesam M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Omer, Sawsan A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Muhammad, Usamah B.</creatorcontrib><title>Genotyping of Clostridium perfringens Isolates from Domestic Livestock in Saudi Arabia</title><title>BioMed research international</title><addtitle>Biomed Res Int</addtitle><description>The present study was undertaken to confirm the genetic identity of Clostridium perfringens isolates from domestic livestock in Saudi Arabia and to characterize the genes encoding to alpha, beta, epsilon, and iota (α-, β-, ε-, and ι-) toxins. C. perfringens were confirmed in 104 out of 136 isolates on multiplex polymerase chain reaction using specific primers amplifying genes related to toxins produced by C. perfringens. Genes encoding α-toxins were detected in 104 samples. Of the isolates, 80.8% were diagnosed as type A, 15.4% as type D, 2.9% as type C, and 0.96% as type B. None of the isolates has genes encoding iota (ι-) toxin. All isolates investigated yielded enterotoxin (cpe) products and none yielded β2 (cpb2-toxin) or NetB products. PLC gene sequences encoding α-toxin showed >96.7% similarity. Isolates which had α-toxins as well as enterotoxin (cpe) are regarded as type F. Phylogenetic analysis using maximum likelihood analysis yielded two clades, and the majority of the isolates were in one group while only two isolates clustered on the second clade. Within the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia strains, 54 variable positions and 23 polymorphic amino acids were noticed. Isolates with ε- and β-toxins were variable and were found to be close to those published for C. perfringens. ETX gene sequences encoding ε-toxins were found to be related to CPE sequences.</description><subject>Amino acids</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Bacterial Toxins - genetics</subject><subject>Cattle</subject><subject>Clostridium Infections - microbiology</subject><subject>Clostridium perfringens</subject><subject>Clostridium perfringens - classification</subject><subject>Clostridium perfringens - genetics</subject><subject>Clostridium perfringens - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Deoxyribonucleic acid</subject><subject>DNA</subject><subject>Dogs</subject><subject>Enterotoxins - genetics</subject><subject>Gene sequencing</subject><subject>Genes</subject><subject>Genes, Bacterial - genetics</subject><subject>Genotype</subject><subject>Genotyping</subject><subject>Investigations</subject><subject>Laboratory animals</subject><subject>Livestock</subject><subject>Livestock - microbiology</subject><subject>Livestock industry</subject><subject>Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction</subject><subject>Phylogenetics</subject><subject>Phylogeny</subject><subject>Plc gene</subject><subject>Polymerase chain reaction</subject><subject>Saudi Arabia</subject><subject>Sequence Analysis, DNA</subject><subject>Sheep</subject><subject>Thermal cycling</subject><subject>Toxins</subject><subject>α-Toxin</subject><issn>2314-6133</issn><issn>2314-6141</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RHX</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkc1vEzEQxS0EolXpjTOyxAWphPpj7XUuSFGAUikSBz6ultcepy67drB3i_rf41VCCpzwxSPPT2_85iH0nJI3lApxyQgjl0vCBW_oI3TKOG0Wkjb08bHm_ASdl3JL6lFUkqV8ik44Y4q0RJ6ib1cQ03i_C3GLk8frPpUxBxemAe8g-1zfIRZ8XVJvRijY5zTgd2mAMgaLN-GuFsl-xyHiz2ZyAa-y6YJ5hp540xc4P9xn6OuH91_WHxebT1fX69VmYRtJxwW4lhHvuLLeCE-olbS1nVPQWrK04CS3RijiOurAdG2rvK-2Gek6V5uM8jP0dq-7m7oBnIU4ZtPrXQ6Dyfc6maD_7sRwo7fpTre0bkDKKvDqIJDTj6ma0UMoFvreREhT0YyrJaOUC1XRl_-gt2nKsdqbqXnTirEHamt60CH6VOfaWVSvJBOMi0aKSr3eUzanUjL445cp0XOyek5WH5Kt-Is_bR7h3zlW4GIP3ITozM_wn3JQGfDmgaa8rXb5L4FctRw</recordid><startdate>2020</startdate><enddate>2020</enddate><creator>Alagaili, Abdulaziz N.</creator><creator>Aljulaifi, Mohammed Z.</creator><creator>Babiker, Salah Eldin H.</creator><creator>Al-Olayan, Ebtesam M.</creator><creator>Omer, Sawsan A.</creator><creator>Muhammad, Usamah B.</creator><general>Hindawi Publishing Corporation</general><general>Hindawi</general><general>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</general><general>Hindawi Limited</general><scope>ADJCN</scope><scope>AHFXO</scope><scope>RHU</scope><scope>RHW</scope><scope>RHX</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>CWDGH</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5457-2555</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7922-9411</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>2020</creationdate><title>Genotyping of Clostridium perfringens Isolates from Domestic Livestock in Saudi Arabia</title><author>Alagaili, Abdulaziz N. ; Aljulaifi, Mohammed Z. ; Babiker, Salah Eldin H. ; Al-Olayan, Ebtesam M. ; Omer, Sawsan A. ; Muhammad, Usamah B.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c461t-ed720fd38cfa5f01c617cbd8e7c09ced63ca580db1deab778ff11520bbded6213</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Amino acids</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Bacterial Toxins - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>BioMed research international</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Alagaili, Abdulaziz N.</au><au>Aljulaifi, Mohammed Z.</au><au>Babiker, Salah Eldin H.</au><au>Al-Olayan, Ebtesam M.</au><au>Omer, Sawsan A.</au><au>Muhammad, Usamah B.</au><au>Shi, Pengjun</au><au>Pengjun Shi</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Genotyping of Clostridium perfringens Isolates from Domestic Livestock in Saudi Arabia</atitle><jtitle>BioMed research international</jtitle><addtitle>Biomed Res Int</addtitle><date>2020</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>2020</volume><issue>2020</issue><spage>1</spage><epage>9</epage><pages>1-9</pages><issn>2314-6133</issn><eissn>2314-6141</eissn><abstract>The present study was undertaken to confirm the genetic identity of Clostridium perfringens isolates from domestic livestock in Saudi Arabia and to characterize the genes encoding to alpha, beta, epsilon, and iota (α-, β-, ε-, and ι-) toxins. C. perfringens were confirmed in 104 out of 136 isolates on multiplex polymerase chain reaction using specific primers amplifying genes related to toxins produced by C. perfringens. Genes encoding α-toxins were detected in 104 samples. Of the isolates, 80.8% were diagnosed as type A, 15.4% as type D, 2.9% as type C, and 0.96% as type B. None of the isolates has genes encoding iota (ι-) toxin. All isolates investigated yielded enterotoxin (cpe) products and none yielded β2 (cpb2-toxin) or NetB products. PLC gene sequences encoding α-toxin showed >96.7% similarity. Isolates which had α-toxins as well as enterotoxin (cpe) are regarded as type F. Phylogenetic analysis using maximum likelihood analysis yielded two clades, and the majority of the isolates were in one group while only two isolates clustered on the second clade. Within the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia strains, 54 variable positions and 23 polymorphic amino acids were noticed. Isolates with ε- and β-toxins were variable and were found to be close to those published for C. perfringens. ETX gene sequences encoding ε-toxins were found to be related to CPE sequences.</abstract><cop>Cairo, Egypt</cop><pub>Hindawi Publishing Corporation</pub><pmid>32280706</pmid><doi>10.1155/2020/9035341</doi><tpages>9</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5457-2555</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7922-9411</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Amino acids Animals Bacterial Toxins - genetics Cattle Clostridium Infections - microbiology Clostridium perfringens Clostridium perfringens - classification Clostridium perfringens - genetics Clostridium perfringens - isolation & purification Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA Dogs Enterotoxins - genetics Gene sequencing Genes Genes, Bacterial - genetics Genotype Genotyping Investigations Laboratory animals Livestock Livestock - microbiology Livestock industry Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Phylogenetics Phylogeny Plc gene Polymerase chain reaction Saudi Arabia Sequence Analysis, DNA Sheep Thermal cycling Toxins α-Toxin |
| title | Genotyping of Clostridium perfringens Isolates from Domestic Livestock in Saudi Arabia |
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