Antimicrobial activity of flavonoids

Flavonoids are ubiquitous in photosynthesising cells and are commonly found in fruit, vegetables, nuts, seeds, stems, flowers, tea, wine, propolis and honey. For centuries, preparations containing these compounds as the principal physiologically active constituents have been used to treat human dise...

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Veröffentlicht in:International journal of antimicrobial agents 2005-11, Vol.26 (5), p.343-356
Hauptverfasser: Cushnie, T.P. Tim, Lamb, Andrew J.
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Lamb, Andrew J.
description Flavonoids are ubiquitous in photosynthesising cells and are commonly found in fruit, vegetables, nuts, seeds, stems, flowers, tea, wine, propolis and honey. For centuries, preparations containing these compounds as the principal physiologically active constituents have been used to treat human diseases. Increasingly, this class of natural products is becoming the subject of anti-infective research, and many groups have isolated and identified the structures of flavonoids possessing antifungal, antiviral and antibacterial activity. Moreover, several groups have demonstrated synergy between active flavonoids as well as between flavonoids and existing chemotherapeutics. Reports of activity in the field of antibacterial flavonoid research are widely conflicting, probably owing to inter- and intra-assay variation in susceptibility testing. However, several high-quality investigations have examined the relationship between flavonoid structure and antibacterial activity and these are in close agreement. In addition, numerous research groups have sought to elucidate the antibacterial mechanisms of action of selected flavonoids. The activity of quercetin, for example, has been at least partially attributed to inhibition of DNA gyrase. It has also been proposed that sophoraflavone G and (−)-epigallocatechin gallate inhibit cytoplasmic membrane function, and that licochalcones A and C inhibit energy metabolism. Other flavonoids whose mechanisms of action have been investigated include robinetin, myricetin, apigenin, rutin, galangin, 2,4,2′-trihydroxy-5′-methylchalcone and lonchocarpol A. These compounds represent novel leads, and future studies may allow the development of a pharmacologically acceptable antimicrobial agent or class of agents.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2005.09.002
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Antiparasitic agents</subject><subject>Antifungal</subject><subject>Antifungal Agents - chemistry</subject><subject>Antifungal Agents - pharmacology</subject><subject>Antiviral</subject><subject>Antiviral Agents - chemistry</subject><subject>Antiviral Agents - pharmacology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Energy Metabolism - drug effects</subject><subject>Flavonoids</subject><subject>Flavonoids - chemistry</subject><subject>Flavonoids - pharmacology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Mechanism of action</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors - chemistry</subject><subject>Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors - pharmacology</subject><subject>Pharmacology. 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subjects Anti-Bacterial Agents - chemistry
Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology
Anti-Infective Agents - chemistry
Anti-Infective Agents - pharmacology
Antibacterial
Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents
Antifungal
Antifungal Agents - chemistry
Antifungal Agents - pharmacology
Antiviral
Antiviral Agents - chemistry
Antiviral Agents - pharmacology
Biological and medical sciences
Energy Metabolism - drug effects
Flavonoids
Flavonoids - chemistry
Flavonoids - pharmacology
Humans
Mechanism of action
Medical sciences
Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors - chemistry
Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors - pharmacology
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Review
Structure-Activity Relationship
Structure–activity
Terminology as Topic
title Antimicrobial activity of flavonoids
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