Microorganisms Associated With Pneumonia in Children <5 Years of Age in Developing and Emerging Countries: The GABRIEL Pneumonia Multicenter, Prospective, Case-Control Study
Background. Pneumonia, the leading infectious cause of child mortality globally, mainly afflicts developing countries. This prospective observational study aimed to assess the microorganisms associated with pneumonia in children aged
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Clinical infectious diseases 2017-08, Vol.65 (4), p.604-612 |
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| creator | Bénet, Thomas Picot, Valentina Sánchez Messaoudi, Mélina Chou, Monidarin Eap, Tekchheng Wang, Jianwei Shen, Kunling Pape, Jean-William Rouzier, Vanessa Awasthi, Shally Pandey, Nitin Bavdekar, Ashish Sanghavi, Sonali Robinson, Annick Rakoto-Andrianarivelo, Mala Sylla, Maryam Diallo, Souleymane Nymadawa, Pagbajabyn Naranbat, Nymadawaagiin Russomando, Graciela Basualdo, Wilma Komurian-Pradel, Florence Endtz, Hubert Vanhems, Philippe Paranhos-Baccalà, Gláucia |
| description | Background. Pneumonia, the leading infectious cause of child mortality globally, mainly afflicts developing countries. This prospective observational study aimed to assess the microorganisms associated with pneumonia in children aged |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/cid/cix378 |
| format | Article |
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Pneumonia, the leading infectious cause of child mortality globally, mainly afflicts developing countries. This prospective observational study aimed to assess the microorganisms associated with pneumonia in children aged <5 years in developing and emerging countries. Methods. A multicenter, case-control study by the GABRIEL (Global Approach to Biological Research, Infectious diseases and Epidemics in Low-income countries) network was conducted between 2010 and 2014 in Cambodia, China, Haiti, India (2 sites), Madagascar, Mali, Mongolia, and Paraguay. Cases were hospitalized children with radiologically confirmed pneumonia; controls were children from the same setting without any features suggestive of pneumonia. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from all subjects; 19 viruses and 5 bacteria were identified by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Associations between microorganisms and pneumonia were quantified by calculating the adjusted population attributable fraction (aPAF) after multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for sex, age, time period, other pathogens, and site. Results. Overall, 888 cases and 870 controls were analyzed; ≥1 microorganism was detected in respiratory samples in 93.0% of cases and 74.4% of controls (P < .001). Streptococcus pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, human metapneumovirus, rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza virus 1, 3, and 4, and influenza virus A and B were independently associated with pneumonia; aPAF was 42.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 35.5%–48.2%) for S. pneumoniae, 18.2% (95% CI, 17.4%–19.0%) for RSV, and 11.2% (95% CI, 7.5%–14.7%) for rhinovirus. Conclusions. Streptococcus pneumoniae, RSV, and rhinovirus may be the major microorganisms associated with pneumonia infections in children <5 years of age from developing and emerging countries. Increasing S. pneumoniae vaccination coverage may substantially reduce the burden of pneumonia among children in developing countries.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1058-4838</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1537-6591</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1537-6591</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/cid/cix378</identifier><identifier>PMID: 28605562</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Age ; and Commentaries ; ARTICLES AND COMMENTARIES ; Asia - epidemiology ; Bacteria ; Biological research ; Case-Control Studies ; Child mortality ; Child, Preschool ; Children ; Confidence intervals ; Control methods ; Developing Countries ; Epidemics ; Female ; Haiti - epidemiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Infectious diseases ; Influenza ; LDCs ; Male ; Mali - epidemiology ; Microorganisms ; Parainfluenza ; Pneumonia ; Pneumonia, Bacterial - epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Bacterial - microbiology ; Polymerase chain reaction ; Prospective Studies ; Regression analysis ; Respiratory syncytial virus ; Rhinovirus ; Streptococcus infections ; Streptococcus pneumoniae ; Vaccination ; Viruses</subject><ispartof>Clinical infectious diseases, 2017-08, Vol.65 (4), p.604-612</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2017 Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America</rights><rights>The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.</rights><rights>Copyright Oxford University Press, UK Aug 15, 2017</rights><rights>The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. 2017</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c456t-d0cb456ff7276843276cb932ca7088b18395964c0267ac30520d6cab2f0db11c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c456t-d0cb456ff7276843276cb932ca7088b18395964c0267ac30520d6cab2f0db11c3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/26375344$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/26375344$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,799,881,27903,27904,57996,58229</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28605562$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bénet, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Picot, Valentina Sánchez</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Messaoudi, Mélina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chou, Monidarin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eap, Tekchheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Jianwei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shen, Kunling</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pape, Jean-William</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rouzier, Vanessa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Awasthi, Shally</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pandey, Nitin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bavdekar, Ashish</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sanghavi, Sonali</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Robinson, Annick</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rakoto-Andrianarivelo, Mala</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sylla, Maryam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Diallo, Souleymane</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nymadawa, Pagbajabyn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Naranbat, Nymadawaagiin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Russomando, Graciela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Basualdo, Wilma</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Komurian-Pradel, Florence</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Endtz, Hubert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vanhems, Philippe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Paranhos-Baccalà, Gláucia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Global Approach to Biological Research, Infectious diseases and Epidemics in Low-income countries (GABRIEL) Network</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Global Approach to Biological Research, Infectious diseases and Epidemics in Low-income countries (GABRIEL) Network</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>for the Global Approach to Biological Research, Infectious diseases and Epidemics in Low-income countries (GABRIEL) Network</creatorcontrib><title>Microorganisms Associated With Pneumonia in Children <5 Years of Age in Developing and Emerging Countries: The GABRIEL Pneumonia Multicenter, Prospective, Case-Control Study</title><title>Clinical infectious diseases</title><addtitle>Clin Infect Dis</addtitle><description>Background. Pneumonia, the leading infectious cause of child mortality globally, mainly afflicts developing countries. This prospective observational study aimed to assess the microorganisms associated with pneumonia in children aged <5 years in developing and emerging countries. Methods. A multicenter, case-control study by the GABRIEL (Global Approach to Biological Research, Infectious diseases and Epidemics in Low-income countries) network was conducted between 2010 and 2014 in Cambodia, China, Haiti, India (2 sites), Madagascar, Mali, Mongolia, and Paraguay. Cases were hospitalized children with radiologically confirmed pneumonia; controls were children from the same setting without any features suggestive of pneumonia. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from all subjects; 19 viruses and 5 bacteria were identified by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Associations between microorganisms and pneumonia were quantified by calculating the adjusted population attributable fraction (aPAF) after multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for sex, age, time period, other pathogens, and site. Results. Overall, 888 cases and 870 controls were analyzed; ≥1 microorganism was detected in respiratory samples in 93.0% of cases and 74.4% of controls (P < .001). Streptococcus pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, human metapneumovirus, rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza virus 1, 3, and 4, and influenza virus A and B were independently associated with pneumonia; aPAF was 42.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 35.5%–48.2%) for S. pneumoniae, 18.2% (95% CI, 17.4%–19.0%) for RSV, and 11.2% (95% CI, 7.5%–14.7%) for rhinovirus. Conclusions. Streptococcus pneumoniae, RSV, and rhinovirus may be the major microorganisms associated with pneumonia infections in children <5 years of age from developing and emerging countries. Increasing S. pneumoniae vaccination coverage may substantially reduce the burden of pneumonia among children in developing countries.</description><subject>Age</subject><subject>and Commentaries</subject><subject>ARTICLES AND COMMENTARIES</subject><subject>Asia - epidemiology</subject><subject>Bacteria</subject><subject>Biological research</subject><subject>Case-Control Studies</subject><subject>Child mortality</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Confidence intervals</subject><subject>Control methods</subject><subject>Developing Countries</subject><subject>Epidemics</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Haiti - epidemiology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infant</subject><subject>Infectious diseases</subject><subject>Influenza</subject><subject>LDCs</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Mali - epidemiology</subject><subject>Microorganisms</subject><subject>Parainfluenza</subject><subject>Pneumonia</subject><subject>Pneumonia, Bacterial - epidemiology</subject><subject>Pneumonia, Bacterial - microbiology</subject><subject>Polymerase chain reaction</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Regression analysis</subject><subject>Respiratory syncytial virus</subject><subject>Rhinovirus</subject><subject>Streptococcus infections</subject><subject>Streptococcus pneumoniae</subject><subject>Vaccination</subject><subject>Viruses</subject><issn>1058-4838</issn><issn>1537-6591</issn><issn>1537-6591</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkl9rFDEUxQdRbK2--K4EfCnS0fyZTDIihXVca2GLRSvi05DJ3NnNMpOsSWaxH8rvaJattfqQ5Ibzy-GEe7PsKcGvCK7Ya226tH4yIe9lh4QzkZe8IvdTjbnMC8nkQfYohDXGhEjMH2YHVJaY85IeZr8ujPbO-aWyJowBzUJw2qgIHfpm4gpdWphGZ41CxqJ6ZYbOg0VvOfoOygfkejRbwk57D1sY3MbYJVK2Q_MR_HJ3qd1kozcQ3qCrFaCz2bvP5_PFHd-LaYhGg43gT9Cld2EDOpotnKBaBchrl567AX2JU3f9OHvQqyHAk5vzKPv6YX5Vf8wXn87O69ki1wUvY95h3aai7wUVpSxY2nVbMaqVwFK2RLKKV2WhMS2F0gxzirtSq5b2uGsJ0ewoO937bqZ2hG6Xzquh2XgzKn_dOGWafxVrVs3SbRtBsCRYJIPjGwPvfkwQYjOaoGEYlAU3hYZUuKKYE1Il9MV_6NpN3qbvJYoJQQuKi0S93FOpWyF46G_DENzspqBJU9DspyDBz-_Gv0X_tD0Bz_bAOkTn_-olE5wVBfsNsVu5lQ</recordid><startdate>20170815</startdate><enddate>20170815</enddate><creator>Bénet, Thomas</creator><creator>Picot, Valentina Sánchez</creator><creator>Messaoudi, Mélina</creator><creator>Chou, Monidarin</creator><creator>Eap, Tekchheng</creator><creator>Wang, Jianwei</creator><creator>Shen, Kunling</creator><creator>Pape, Jean-William</creator><creator>Rouzier, Vanessa</creator><creator>Awasthi, Shally</creator><creator>Pandey, Nitin</creator><creator>Bavdekar, Ashish</creator><creator>Sanghavi, Sonali</creator><creator>Robinson, Annick</creator><creator>Rakoto-Andrianarivelo, Mala</creator><creator>Sylla, Maryam</creator><creator>Diallo, Souleymane</creator><creator>Nymadawa, Pagbajabyn</creator><creator>Naranbat, Nymadawaagiin</creator><creator>Russomando, Graciela</creator><creator>Basualdo, Wilma</creator><creator>Komurian-Pradel, Florence</creator><creator>Endtz, Hubert</creator><creator>Vanhems, Philippe</creator><creator>Paranhos-Baccalà, Gláucia</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20170815</creationdate><title>Microorganisms Associated With Pneumonia in Children <5 Years of Age in Developing and Emerging Countries: The GABRIEL Pneumonia Multicenter, Prospective, Case-Control Study</title><author>Bénet, Thomas ; Picot, Valentina Sánchez ; Messaoudi, Mélina ; Chou, Monidarin ; Eap, Tekchheng ; Wang, Jianwei ; Shen, Kunling ; Pape, Jean-William ; Rouzier, Vanessa ; Awasthi, Shally ; Pandey, Nitin ; Bavdekar, Ashish ; Sanghavi, Sonali ; Robinson, Annick ; Rakoto-Andrianarivelo, Mala ; Sylla, Maryam ; Diallo, Souleymane ; Nymadawa, Pagbajabyn ; Naranbat, Nymadawaagiin ; Russomando, Graciela ; Basualdo, Wilma ; Komurian-Pradel, Florence ; Endtz, Hubert ; Vanhems, Philippe ; Paranhos-Baccalà, Gláucia</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c456t-d0cb456ff7276843276cb932ca7088b18395964c0267ac30520d6cab2f0db11c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Age</topic><topic>and Commentaries</topic><topic>ARTICLES AND COMMENTARIES</topic><topic>Asia - epidemiology</topic><topic>Bacteria</topic><topic>Biological research</topic><topic>Case-Control Studies</topic><topic>Child mortality</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>Children</topic><topic>Confidence intervals</topic><topic>Control methods</topic><topic>Developing Countries</topic><topic>Epidemics</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Haiti - epidemiology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infant</topic><topic>Infectious diseases</topic><topic>Influenza</topic><topic>LDCs</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Mali - epidemiology</topic><topic>Microorganisms</topic><topic>Parainfluenza</topic><topic>Pneumonia</topic><topic>Pneumonia, Bacterial - epidemiology</topic><topic>Pneumonia, Bacterial - microbiology</topic><topic>Polymerase chain reaction</topic><topic>Prospective Studies</topic><topic>Regression analysis</topic><topic>Respiratory syncytial virus</topic><topic>Rhinovirus</topic><topic>Streptococcus infections</topic><topic>Streptococcus pneumoniae</topic><topic>Vaccination</topic><topic>Viruses</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Bénet, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Picot, Valentina Sánchez</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Messaoudi, Mélina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chou, Monidarin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eap, Tekchheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Jianwei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shen, Kunling</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pape, Jean-William</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rouzier, Vanessa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Awasthi, Shally</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pandey, Nitin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bavdekar, Ashish</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sanghavi, Sonali</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Robinson, Annick</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rakoto-Andrianarivelo, Mala</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sylla, Maryam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Diallo, Souleymane</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nymadawa, Pagbajabyn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Naranbat, Nymadawaagiin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Russomando, Graciela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Basualdo, Wilma</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Komurian-Pradel, Florence</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Endtz, Hubert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vanhems, Philippe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Paranhos-Baccalà, Gláucia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Global Approach to Biological Research, Infectious diseases and Epidemics in Low-income countries (GABRIEL) Network</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Global Approach to Biological Research, Infectious diseases and Epidemics in Low-income countries (GABRIEL) Network</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>for the Global Approach to Biological Research, Infectious diseases and Epidemics in Low-income countries (GABRIEL) Network</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Clinical infectious diseases</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Bénet, Thomas</au><au>Picot, Valentina Sánchez</au><au>Messaoudi, Mélina</au><au>Chou, Monidarin</au><au>Eap, Tekchheng</au><au>Wang, Jianwei</au><au>Shen, Kunling</au><au>Pape, Jean-William</au><au>Rouzier, Vanessa</au><au>Awasthi, Shally</au><au>Pandey, Nitin</au><au>Bavdekar, Ashish</au><au>Sanghavi, Sonali</au><au>Robinson, Annick</au><au>Rakoto-Andrianarivelo, Mala</au><au>Sylla, Maryam</au><au>Diallo, Souleymane</au><au>Nymadawa, Pagbajabyn</au><au>Naranbat, Nymadawaagiin</au><au>Russomando, Graciela</au><au>Basualdo, Wilma</au><au>Komurian-Pradel, Florence</au><au>Endtz, Hubert</au><au>Vanhems, Philippe</au><au>Paranhos-Baccalà, Gláucia</au><aucorp>Global Approach to Biological Research, Infectious diseases and Epidemics in Low-income countries (GABRIEL) Network</aucorp><aucorp>Global Approach to Biological Research, Infectious diseases and Epidemics in Low-income countries (GABRIEL) Network</aucorp><aucorp>for the Global Approach to Biological Research, Infectious diseases and Epidemics in Low-income countries (GABRIEL) Network</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Microorganisms Associated With Pneumonia in Children <5 Years of Age in Developing and Emerging Countries: The GABRIEL Pneumonia Multicenter, Prospective, Case-Control Study</atitle><jtitle>Clinical infectious diseases</jtitle><addtitle>Clin Infect Dis</addtitle><date>2017-08-15</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>65</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>604</spage><epage>612</epage><pages>604-612</pages><issn>1058-4838</issn><issn>1537-6591</issn><eissn>1537-6591</eissn><abstract>Background. Pneumonia, the leading infectious cause of child mortality globally, mainly afflicts developing countries. This prospective observational study aimed to assess the microorganisms associated with pneumonia in children aged <5 years in developing and emerging countries. Methods. A multicenter, case-control study by the GABRIEL (Global Approach to Biological Research, Infectious diseases and Epidemics in Low-income countries) network was conducted between 2010 and 2014 in Cambodia, China, Haiti, India (2 sites), Madagascar, Mali, Mongolia, and Paraguay. Cases were hospitalized children with radiologically confirmed pneumonia; controls were children from the same setting without any features suggestive of pneumonia. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from all subjects; 19 viruses and 5 bacteria were identified by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Associations between microorganisms and pneumonia were quantified by calculating the adjusted population attributable fraction (aPAF) after multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for sex, age, time period, other pathogens, and site. Results. Overall, 888 cases and 870 controls were analyzed; ≥1 microorganism was detected in respiratory samples in 93.0% of cases and 74.4% of controls (P < .001). Streptococcus pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, human metapneumovirus, rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza virus 1, 3, and 4, and influenza virus A and B were independently associated with pneumonia; aPAF was 42.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 35.5%–48.2%) for S. pneumoniae, 18.2% (95% CI, 17.4%–19.0%) for RSV, and 11.2% (95% CI, 7.5%–14.7%) for rhinovirus. Conclusions. Streptococcus pneumoniae, RSV, and rhinovirus may be the major microorganisms associated with pneumonia infections in children <5 years of age from developing and emerging countries. Increasing S. pneumoniae vaccination coverage may substantially reduce the burden of pneumonia among children in developing countries.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>28605562</pmid><doi>10.1093/cid/cix378</doi><tpages>9</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Clinical infectious diseases, 2017-08, Vol.65 (4), p.604-612 |
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| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_7108107 |
| source | MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Jstor Complete Legacy; Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current); Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Age and Commentaries ARTICLES AND COMMENTARIES Asia - epidemiology Bacteria Biological research Case-Control Studies Child mortality Child, Preschool Children Confidence intervals Control methods Developing Countries Epidemics Female Haiti - epidemiology Humans Infant Infectious diseases Influenza LDCs Male Mali - epidemiology Microorganisms Parainfluenza Pneumonia Pneumonia, Bacterial - epidemiology Pneumonia, Bacterial - microbiology Polymerase chain reaction Prospective Studies Regression analysis Respiratory syncytial virus Rhinovirus Streptococcus infections Streptococcus pneumoniae Vaccination Viruses |
| title | Microorganisms Associated With Pneumonia in Children <5 Years of Age in Developing and Emerging Countries: The GABRIEL Pneumonia Multicenter, Prospective, Case-Control Study |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-21T13%3A25%3A44IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-jstor_pubme&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Microorganisms%20Associated%20With%20Pneumonia%20in%20Children%20%3C5%20Years%20of%20Age%20in%20Developing%20and%20Emerging%20Countries:%20The%20GABRIEL%20Pneumonia%20Multicenter,%20Prospective,%20Case-Control%20Study&rft.jtitle=Clinical%20infectious%20diseases&rft.au=B%C3%A9net,%20Thomas&rft.aucorp=Global%20Approach%20to%20Biological%20Research,%20Infectious%20diseases%20and%20Epidemics%20in%20Low-income%20countries%20(GABRIEL)%20Network&rft.date=2017-08-15&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=604&rft.epage=612&rft.pages=604-612&rft.issn=1058-4838&rft.eissn=1537-6591&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093/cid/cix378&rft_dat=%3Cjstor_pubme%3E26375344%3C/jstor_pubme%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1937724204&rft_id=info:pmid/28605562&rft_jstor_id=26375344&rfr_iscdi=true |