Associations Between Affective States and Sexual and Health Status Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in China: Exploratory Study Using Social Media Data

Affective states, including sentiment and emotion, are critical determinants of health. However, few studies among men who have sex with men (MSM) have examined sentiment and emotion specifically using real-time social media technologies. Moreover, the explorations on their associations with sexual...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of medical Internet research 2020-01, Vol.22 (1), p.e13201-e13201
Hauptverfasser: Zheng, Zhi-Wei, Yang, Qing-Ling, Liu, Zhong-Qi, Qiu, Jia-Ling, Gu, Jing, Hao, Yuan-Tao, Song, Chao, Jia, Zhong-Wei, Hao, Chun
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container_title Journal of medical Internet research
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creator Zheng, Zhi-Wei
Yang, Qing-Ling
Liu, Zhong-Qi
Qiu, Jia-Ling
Gu, Jing
Hao, Yuan-Tao
Song, Chao
Jia, Zhong-Wei
Hao, Chun
description Affective states, including sentiment and emotion, are critical determinants of health. However, few studies among men who have sex with men (MSM) have examined sentiment and emotion specifically using real-time social media technologies. Moreover, the explorations on their associations with sexual and health status among MSM are limited. This study aimed to understand and examine the associations of affective states with sexual behaviors and health status among MSM using public data from the Blued (Blued International Inc) app. A total of 843,745 public postings of 377,610 MSM users located in Guangdong were saved from the Blued app by automatic screen capture. Positive affect, negative affect, sexual behaviors, and health status were measured using the Simplified Chinese Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count. Emotions, including joy, sadness, anger, fear, and disgust, were measured using the Weibo Basic Mood Lexicon. A positive sentiment score and a positive emotion score were also calculated. Univariate and multivariate linear regression models on the basis of a permutation test were used to assess the associations of affective states with sexual behaviors and health status. A total of 5871 active MSM users and their 477,374 postings were finally selected. Both positive affect and positive emotions (eg, joy) peaked between 7 AM and 9 AM. Negative affect and negative emotions (eg, sadness and disgust) peaked between 2 AM and 4 AM. During that time, 25.1% (97/387) of negative postings were related to health and 13.4% (52/387) of negative postings were related to seeking social support. A multivariate analysis showed that the MSM who were more likely to post sexual behaviors were more likely to express positive affect (beta=0.3107; P
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However, few studies among men who have sex with men (MSM) have examined sentiment and emotion specifically using real-time social media technologies. Moreover, the explorations on their associations with sexual and health status among MSM are limited. This study aimed to understand and examine the associations of affective states with sexual behaviors and health status among MSM using public data from the Blued (Blued International Inc) app. A total of 843,745 public postings of 377,610 MSM users located in Guangdong were saved from the Blued app by automatic screen capture. Positive affect, negative affect, sexual behaviors, and health status were measured using the Simplified Chinese Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count. Emotions, including joy, sadness, anger, fear, and disgust, were measured using the Weibo Basic Mood Lexicon. A positive sentiment score and a positive emotion score were also calculated. Univariate and multivariate linear regression models on the basis of a permutation test were used to assess the associations of affective states with sexual behaviors and health status. A total of 5871 active MSM users and their 477,374 postings were finally selected. Both positive affect and positive emotions (eg, joy) peaked between 7 AM and 9 AM. Negative affect and negative emotions (eg, sadness and disgust) peaked between 2 AM and 4 AM. During that time, 25.1% (97/387) of negative postings were related to health and 13.4% (52/387) of negative postings were related to seeking social support. A multivariate analysis showed that the MSM who were more likely to post sexual behaviors were more likely to express positive affect (beta=0.3107; P<.001) and positive emotions (joy: beta=0.027; P<.001), as well as negative emotions (sadness: beta=0.0443; P<.001 and disgust: beta=0.0256; P<.001). They also had a higher positive sentiment score (beta=0.2947; P<.001) and a higher positive emotion score (beta=0.1612; P<.001). The MSM who were more likely to post their health status were more likely to express negative affect (beta=0.8088; P<.001) and negative emotions, including sadness (beta=0.0705; P<.001), anger (beta=0.0058; P<.001), fear (beta=0.0052; P<.001), and disgust (beta=0.3065; P<.001), and less likely to express positive affect (beta=-0.0224; P=.02). In addition, they had a lower positive sentiment score (beta=-0.8306; P<.001) and a lower positive emotion score (beta=-0.3743; P<.001). The MSM social media community mainly expressed their positive affect in the early morning and negative affect after midnight. Positive affective states were associated with being sexually active, whereas negative affective states were associated with health problems, mostly about mental health. Our finding suggests the potential to deliver different health-related intervention strategies (eg, psychological counseling and safe sex promotion) on a social media app according to the affective states of MSM in real time.]]></description><identifier>ISSN: 1438-8871</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1439-4456</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1438-8871</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2196/13201</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32012054</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Canada: Gunther Eysenbach MD MPH, Associate Professor</publisher><subject>Acquired immune deficiency syndrome ; AIDS ; Anger ; Disgust ; Emotions ; Fear &amp; phobias ; Health behavior ; Health problems ; Health promotion ; Health status ; HIV ; Human immunodeficiency virus ; Men who have sex with men ; Mental health ; Multivariate analysis ; Negative emotions ; Original Paper ; Positive emotions ; Sadness ; Safe sexual practices ; Sexual behavior ; Social media ; Social networks ; Social support</subject><ispartof>Journal of medical Internet research, 2020-01, Vol.22 (1), p.e13201-e13201</ispartof><rights>Zhi-Wei Zheng, Qing-Ling Yang, Zhong-Qi Liu, Jia-Ling Qiu, Jing Gu, Yuan-Tao Hao, Chao Song, Zhong-Wei Jia, Chun Hao. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 31.01.2020.</rights><rights>2020. This work is licensed under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>Zhi-Wei Zheng, Qing-Ling Yang, Zhong-Qi Liu, Jia-Ling Qiu, Jing Gu, Yuan-Tao Hao, Chao Song, Zhong-Wei Jia, Chun Hao. 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However, few studies among men who have sex with men (MSM) have examined sentiment and emotion specifically using real-time social media technologies. Moreover, the explorations on their associations with sexual and health status among MSM are limited. This study aimed to understand and examine the associations of affective states with sexual behaviors and health status among MSM using public data from the Blued (Blued International Inc) app. A total of 843,745 public postings of 377,610 MSM users located in Guangdong were saved from the Blued app by automatic screen capture. Positive affect, negative affect, sexual behaviors, and health status were measured using the Simplified Chinese Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count. Emotions, including joy, sadness, anger, fear, and disgust, were measured using the Weibo Basic Mood Lexicon. A positive sentiment score and a positive emotion score were also calculated. Univariate and multivariate linear regression models on the basis of a permutation test were used to assess the associations of affective states with sexual behaviors and health status. A total of 5871 active MSM users and their 477,374 postings were finally selected. Both positive affect and positive emotions (eg, joy) peaked between 7 AM and 9 AM. Negative affect and negative emotions (eg, sadness and disgust) peaked between 2 AM and 4 AM. During that time, 25.1% (97/387) of negative postings were related to health and 13.4% (52/387) of negative postings were related to seeking social support. A multivariate analysis showed that the MSM who were more likely to post sexual behaviors were more likely to express positive affect (beta=0.3107; P<.001) and positive emotions (joy: beta=0.027; P<.001), as well as negative emotions (sadness: beta=0.0443; P<.001 and disgust: beta=0.0256; P<.001). They also had a higher positive sentiment score (beta=0.2947; P<.001) and a higher positive emotion score (beta=0.1612; P<.001). The MSM who were more likely to post their health status were more likely to express negative affect (beta=0.8088; P<.001) and negative emotions, including sadness (beta=0.0705; P<.001), anger (beta=0.0058; P<.001), fear (beta=0.0052; P<.001), and disgust (beta=0.3065; P<.001), and less likely to express positive affect (beta=-0.0224; P=.02). In addition, they had a lower positive sentiment score (beta=-0.8306; P<.001) and a lower positive emotion score (beta=-0.3743; P<.001). The MSM social media community mainly expressed their positive affect in the early morning and negative affect after midnight. Positive affective states were associated with being sexually active, whereas negative affective states were associated with health problems, mostly about mental health. Our finding suggests the potential to deliver different health-related intervention strategies (eg, psychological counseling and safe sex promotion) on a social media app according to the affective states of MSM in real time.]]></description><subject>Acquired immune deficiency syndrome</subject><subject>AIDS</subject><subject>Anger</subject><subject>Disgust</subject><subject>Emotions</subject><subject>Fear &amp; phobias</subject><subject>Health behavior</subject><subject>Health problems</subject><subject>Health promotion</subject><subject>Health status</subject><subject>HIV</subject><subject>Human immunodeficiency virus</subject><subject>Men who have sex with men</subject><subject>Mental health</subject><subject>Multivariate analysis</subject><subject>Negative emotions</subject><subject>Original Paper</subject><subject>Positive emotions</subject><subject>Sadness</subject><subject>Safe sexual practices</subject><subject>Sexual behavior</subject><subject>Social media</subject><subject>Social networks</subject><subject>Social support</subject><issn>1438-8871</issn><issn>1439-4456</issn><issn>1438-8871</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>7QJ</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkc9uEzEQxi0Eom3oKyBLCIlLwH924zUHpBAKQSriEKoerdnd2cbVxk5tb0lepM-LNy1V4eTRzO-b-cZDyCln7wXXsw9cCsafkWNeyGpaVYo_fxIfkZMYrxkTrND8JTkaWcHK4pjczWP0jYVkvYv0M6bfiI7Ouw6bZG-RrhIkjBRcS1e4G6A_hEuEPq0PxSHS-ca7K_oj6y7Xni5hlOGOXtqMjFnr6GJtHXykZ7tt7wMkH_ZZPLR7ehFt1q5GC32GWwv0CyR4RV500Ec8fXgn5OLr2a_Fcnr-89v3xfx82kjN01QDokIpoex4yzTmrWrdtMVMqRkXomh1V9UN60pgbS14mZOVLHgNqBGUVnJCPt333Q71BtsGXQrQm22wGwh748GafyvOrs2VvzWKlVLl_52Qdw8Ngr8ZMCazsbHBvgeHfohGyJJVWhflOOvNf-i1H4LL6xmhpCq5Ulxm6u091QQfY8Du0QxnZry0OVw6c6-fOn-k_p5W_gGl1qMG</recordid><startdate>20200131</startdate><enddate>20200131</enddate><creator>Zheng, Zhi-Wei</creator><creator>Yang, Qing-Ling</creator><creator>Liu, Zhong-Qi</creator><creator>Qiu, Jia-Ling</creator><creator>Gu, Jing</creator><creator>Hao, Yuan-Tao</creator><creator>Song, Chao</creator><creator>Jia, Zhong-Wei</creator><creator>Hao, Chun</creator><general>Gunther Eysenbach MD MPH, Associate Professor</general><general>JMIR Publications</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QJ</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ALSLI</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>CNYFK</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>E3H</scope><scope>F2A</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1O</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5519-6245</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5436-2339</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2058-9970</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8024-5312</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8010-4325</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4830-1860</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0416-8535</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9881-6504</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5362-7339</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20200131</creationdate><title>Associations Between Affective States and Sexual and Health Status Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in China: Exploratory Study Using Social Media Data</title><author>Zheng, Zhi-Wei ; Yang, Qing-Ling ; Liu, Zhong-Qi ; Qiu, Jia-Ling ; Gu, Jing ; Hao, Yuan-Tao ; Song, Chao ; Jia, Zhong-Wei ; Hao, Chun</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c391t-9aee7e33a5f1d09e012b9cd467761224d9f8bc0f5a0db2156128341bae9ea7973</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Acquired immune deficiency syndrome</topic><topic>AIDS</topic><topic>Anger</topic><topic>Disgust</topic><topic>Emotions</topic><topic>Fear &amp; phobias</topic><topic>Health behavior</topic><topic>Health problems</topic><topic>Health promotion</topic><topic>Health status</topic><topic>HIV</topic><topic>Human immunodeficiency virus</topic><topic>Men who have sex with men</topic><topic>Mental health</topic><topic>Multivariate analysis</topic><topic>Negative emotions</topic><topic>Original Paper</topic><topic>Positive emotions</topic><topic>Sadness</topic><topic>Safe sexual practices</topic><topic>Sexual behavior</topic><topic>Social media</topic><topic>Social networks</topic><topic>Social support</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Zheng, Zhi-Wei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Qing-Ling</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Zhong-Qi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Qiu, Jia-Ling</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gu, Jing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hao, Yuan-Tao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Song, Chao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jia, Zhong-Wei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hao, Chun</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Applied Social Sciences Index &amp; 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However, few studies among men who have sex with men (MSM) have examined sentiment and emotion specifically using real-time social media technologies. Moreover, the explorations on their associations with sexual and health status among MSM are limited. This study aimed to understand and examine the associations of affective states with sexual behaviors and health status among MSM using public data from the Blued (Blued International Inc) app. A total of 843,745 public postings of 377,610 MSM users located in Guangdong were saved from the Blued app by automatic screen capture. Positive affect, negative affect, sexual behaviors, and health status were measured using the Simplified Chinese Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count. Emotions, including joy, sadness, anger, fear, and disgust, were measured using the Weibo Basic Mood Lexicon. A positive sentiment score and a positive emotion score were also calculated. Univariate and multivariate linear regression models on the basis of a permutation test were used to assess the associations of affective states with sexual behaviors and health status. A total of 5871 active MSM users and their 477,374 postings were finally selected. Both positive affect and positive emotions (eg, joy) peaked between 7 AM and 9 AM. Negative affect and negative emotions (eg, sadness and disgust) peaked between 2 AM and 4 AM. During that time, 25.1% (97/387) of negative postings were related to health and 13.4% (52/387) of negative postings were related to seeking social support. A multivariate analysis showed that the MSM who were more likely to post sexual behaviors were more likely to express positive affect (beta=0.3107; P<.001) and positive emotions (joy: beta=0.027; P<.001), as well as negative emotions (sadness: beta=0.0443; P<.001 and disgust: beta=0.0256; P<.001). They also had a higher positive sentiment score (beta=0.2947; P<.001) and a higher positive emotion score (beta=0.1612; P<.001). The MSM who were more likely to post their health status were more likely to express negative affect (beta=0.8088; P<.001) and negative emotions, including sadness (beta=0.0705; P<.001), anger (beta=0.0058; P<.001), fear (beta=0.0052; P<.001), and disgust (beta=0.3065; P<.001), and less likely to express positive affect (beta=-0.0224; P=.02). In addition, they had a lower positive sentiment score (beta=-0.8306; P<.001) and a lower positive emotion score (beta=-0.3743; P<.001). The MSM social media community mainly expressed their positive affect in the early morning and negative affect after midnight. Positive affective states were associated with being sexually active, whereas negative affective states were associated with health problems, mostly about mental health. Our finding suggests the potential to deliver different health-related intervention strategies (eg, psychological counseling and safe sex promotion) on a social media app according to the affective states of MSM in real time.]]></abstract><cop>Canada</cop><pub>Gunther Eysenbach MD MPH, Associate Professor</pub><pmid>32012054</pmid><doi>10.2196/13201</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5519-6245</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5436-2339</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2058-9970</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8024-5312</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8010-4325</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4830-1860</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0416-8535</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9881-6504</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5362-7339</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
AIDS
Anger
Disgust
Emotions
Fear & phobias
Health behavior
Health problems
Health promotion
Health status
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus
Men who have sex with men
Mental health
Multivariate analysis
Negative emotions
Original Paper
Positive emotions
Sadness
Safe sexual practices
Sexual behavior
Social media
Social networks
Social support
title Associations Between Affective States and Sexual and Health Status Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in China: Exploratory Study Using Social Media Data
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