The Violence Prevention Potential of Reducing Alcohol Outlet Access in Baltimore, Maryland
There are few cost-effectiveness analyses that model alcohol outlet zoning policies. This study determines the potential decreases in homicides, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and victim and criminal justice costs associated with four policy options that would reduce the alcohol outlet acce...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs 2020-01, Vol.81 (1), p.24-33 |
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creator | Trangenstein, Pamela J Eck, Raimee H Lu, Yi Webster, Daniel Jennings, Jacky M Latkin, Carl Milam, Adam J Furr-Holden, Debra Jernigan, David H |
description | There are few cost-effectiveness analyses that model alcohol outlet zoning policies. This study determines the potential decreases in homicides, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and victim and criminal justice costs associated with four policy options that would reduce the alcohol outlet access in Baltimore.
This cost-effectiveness analysis used associations between on-premise (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 1.41), off-premise (IRR = 1.76), and combined on- and off-premise outlet density (IRR = 1.07) and homicide in Baltimore. We determined the potential change in the level of homicide that could occur with changes in the density of alcohol outlets, assuming that 50% of the association was causal.
Reducing alcohol outlet density in Baltimore City by one quintile was associated with decreases of 51 homicides per year, $63.7 million, and 764 DALYs. Removing liquor stores in residential zones was associated with 22 fewer homicides, which would cost $27.5 million and lead to 391 DALYs. Removing bars/taverns operating as liquor stores was associated with a decrease of one homicide, $1.2 million, and 17 DALYs. Removing both the liquor stores in residential zones and the bars/taverns operating as liquor stores was associated with 23 fewer homicides, which translated to $28.7 million and 409 DALYs.
For preventing homicides, the strategy of removing liquor stores in residential zones was preferred because it was associated with substantial reductions in homicides without closing unacceptably high numbers of outlets. It is possible that policies that close the bars/taverns operating as liquor stores would be associated with decreases in other types of violent crime. |
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This cost-effectiveness analysis used associations between on-premise (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 1.41), off-premise (IRR = 1.76), and combined on- and off-premise outlet density (IRR = 1.07) and homicide in Baltimore. We determined the potential change in the level of homicide that could occur with changes in the density of alcohol outlets, assuming that 50% of the association was causal.
Reducing alcohol outlet density in Baltimore City by one quintile was associated with decreases of 51 homicides per year, $63.7 million, and 764 DALYs. Removing liquor stores in residential zones was associated with 22 fewer homicides, which would cost $27.5 million and lead to 391 DALYs. Removing bars/taverns operating as liquor stores was associated with a decrease of one homicide, $1.2 million, and 17 DALYs. Removing both the liquor stores in residential zones and the bars/taverns operating as liquor stores was associated with 23 fewer homicides, which translated to $28.7 million and 409 DALYs.
For preventing homicides, the strategy of removing liquor stores in residential zones was preferred because it was associated with substantial reductions in homicides without closing unacceptably high numbers of outlets. It is possible that policies that close the bars/taverns operating as liquor stores would be associated with decreases in other types of violent crime.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1937-1888</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1938-4114</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.15288/jsad.2020.81.24</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32048598</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Alcohol Research Documentation, Inc</publisher><subject>Alcohol ; Alcoholic Beverages - economics ; Baltimore ; Bars ; Change agents ; Commerce - economics ; Cost analysis ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Crime Victims - economics ; Criminal justice ; Criminal Law - economics ; Density ; Disability ; Homicide ; Homicide - statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Liquor stores ; Murders & murder attempts ; Policy Studies ; Public Policy ; Shops ; Violence - prevention & control ; Violent crime ; Zoning</subject><ispartof>Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs, 2020-01, Vol.81 (1), p.24-33</ispartof><rights>Copyright Alcohol Research Documentation, Inc. Jan 2020</rights><rights>Copyright © 2020 by Alcohol Research Documentation, Inc. 2020</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c424t-8bb9884886bbe9fed97d65f2986761f03d33363dae2797f80637f90b56de08b73</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,27924,27925,30999</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32048598$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Trangenstein, Pamela J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eck, Raimee H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lu, Yi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Webster, Daniel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jennings, Jacky M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Latkin, Carl</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Milam, Adam J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Furr-Holden, Debra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jernigan, David H</creatorcontrib><title>The Violence Prevention Potential of Reducing Alcohol Outlet Access in Baltimore, Maryland</title><title>Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs</title><addtitle>J Stud Alcohol Drugs</addtitle><description>There are few cost-effectiveness analyses that model alcohol outlet zoning policies. This study determines the potential decreases in homicides, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and victim and criminal justice costs associated with four policy options that would reduce the alcohol outlet access in Baltimore.
This cost-effectiveness analysis used associations between on-premise (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 1.41), off-premise (IRR = 1.76), and combined on- and off-premise outlet density (IRR = 1.07) and homicide in Baltimore. We determined the potential change in the level of homicide that could occur with changes in the density of alcohol outlets, assuming that 50% of the association was causal.
Reducing alcohol outlet density in Baltimore City by one quintile was associated with decreases of 51 homicides per year, $63.7 million, and 764 DALYs. Removing liquor stores in residential zones was associated with 22 fewer homicides, which would cost $27.5 million and lead to 391 DALYs. Removing bars/taverns operating as liquor stores was associated with a decrease of one homicide, $1.2 million, and 17 DALYs. Removing both the liquor stores in residential zones and the bars/taverns operating as liquor stores was associated with 23 fewer homicides, which translated to $28.7 million and 409 DALYs.
For preventing homicides, the strategy of removing liquor stores in residential zones was preferred because it was associated with substantial reductions in homicides without closing unacceptably high numbers of outlets. It is possible that policies that close the bars/taverns operating as liquor stores would be associated with decreases in other types of violent crime.</description><subject>Alcohol</subject><subject>Alcoholic Beverages - economics</subject><subject>Baltimore</subject><subject>Bars</subject><subject>Change agents</subject><subject>Commerce - economics</subject><subject>Cost analysis</subject><subject>Cost-Benefit Analysis</subject><subject>Crime Victims - economics</subject><subject>Criminal justice</subject><subject>Criminal Law - economics</subject><subject>Density</subject><subject>Disability</subject><subject>Homicide</subject><subject>Homicide - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Liquor stores</subject><subject>Murders & murder attempts</subject><subject>Policy Studies</subject><subject>Public Policy</subject><subject>Shops</subject><subject>Violence - prevention & control</subject><subject>Violent crime</subject><subject>Zoning</subject><issn>1937-1888</issn><issn>1938-4114</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>7QJ</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkc1rFTEUxYMo9kP3riTgxkXnma-Z3GyEZ_ELKi1SXbgJmeROXx55kzqZKfjfm9fWoq7uhfu7h3M4hLzgbMVbAfBmW1xYCSbYCvhKqEfkkBsJjeJcPb7ddcMB4IAclbJlrJWcy6fkQAqmoDVwSH5cbpB-jznh6JFeTHiD4xzzSC_yvN9conmgXzEsPo5XdJ183uREz5c54UzX3mMpNI70nUtz3OUJT-gXN_1KbgzPyJPBpYLP7-cx-fbh_eXpp-bs_OPn0_VZ45VQcwN9bwAUQNf3aAYMRoeuHYSBTnd8YDJIKTsZHApt9ACsk3owrG-7gAx6LY_J2zvd66XfYfDV9uSSvZ7irjqx2UX772WMG3uVb6xmQgGXVeD1vcCUfy5YZruLxWOqITAvxQrZKq6M0qair_5Dt3mZxhpvT9UUGlRXKXZH-SmXMuHwYIYze1uc3Rdn98VZ4Fao-vLy7xAPD3-akr8Bpu2U2g</recordid><startdate>202001</startdate><enddate>202001</enddate><creator>Trangenstein, Pamela J</creator><creator>Eck, Raimee H</creator><creator>Lu, Yi</creator><creator>Webster, Daniel</creator><creator>Jennings, Jacky M</creator><creator>Latkin, Carl</creator><creator>Milam, Adam J</creator><creator>Furr-Holden, Debra</creator><creator>Jernigan, David H</creator><general>Alcohol Research Documentation, Inc</general><general>Rutgers University</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QJ</scope><scope>K7.</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>202001</creationdate><title>The Violence Prevention Potential of Reducing Alcohol Outlet Access in Baltimore, Maryland</title><author>Trangenstein, Pamela J ; Eck, Raimee H ; Lu, Yi ; Webster, Daniel ; Jennings, Jacky M ; Latkin, Carl ; Milam, Adam J ; Furr-Holden, Debra ; Jernigan, David H</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c424t-8bb9884886bbe9fed97d65f2986761f03d33363dae2797f80637f90b56de08b73</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Alcohol</topic><topic>Alcoholic Beverages - economics</topic><topic>Baltimore</topic><topic>Bars</topic><topic>Change agents</topic><topic>Commerce - economics</topic><topic>Cost analysis</topic><topic>Cost-Benefit Analysis</topic><topic>Crime Victims - economics</topic><topic>Criminal justice</topic><topic>Criminal Law - economics</topic><topic>Density</topic><topic>Disability</topic><topic>Homicide</topic><topic>Homicide - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Liquor stores</topic><topic>Murders & murder attempts</topic><topic>Policy Studies</topic><topic>Public Policy</topic><topic>Shops</topic><topic>Violence - prevention & control</topic><topic>Violent crime</topic><topic>Zoning</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Trangenstein, Pamela J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Eck, Raimee H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lu, Yi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Webster, Daniel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jennings, Jacky M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Latkin, Carl</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Milam, Adam J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Furr-Holden, Debra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jernigan, David H</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)</collection><collection>ProQuest Criminal Justice (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Trangenstein, Pamela J</au><au>Eck, Raimee H</au><au>Lu, Yi</au><au>Webster, Daniel</au><au>Jennings, Jacky M</au><au>Latkin, Carl</au><au>Milam, Adam J</au><au>Furr-Holden, Debra</au><au>Jernigan, David H</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The Violence Prevention Potential of Reducing Alcohol Outlet Access in Baltimore, Maryland</atitle><jtitle>Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs</jtitle><addtitle>J Stud Alcohol Drugs</addtitle><date>2020-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>81</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>24</spage><epage>33</epage><pages>24-33</pages><issn>1937-1888</issn><eissn>1938-4114</eissn><abstract>There are few cost-effectiveness analyses that model alcohol outlet zoning policies. This study determines the potential decreases in homicides, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and victim and criminal justice costs associated with four policy options that would reduce the alcohol outlet access in Baltimore.
This cost-effectiveness analysis used associations between on-premise (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 1.41), off-premise (IRR = 1.76), and combined on- and off-premise outlet density (IRR = 1.07) and homicide in Baltimore. We determined the potential change in the level of homicide that could occur with changes in the density of alcohol outlets, assuming that 50% of the association was causal.
Reducing alcohol outlet density in Baltimore City by one quintile was associated with decreases of 51 homicides per year, $63.7 million, and 764 DALYs. Removing liquor stores in residential zones was associated with 22 fewer homicides, which would cost $27.5 million and lead to 391 DALYs. Removing bars/taverns operating as liquor stores was associated with a decrease of one homicide, $1.2 million, and 17 DALYs. Removing both the liquor stores in residential zones and the bars/taverns operating as liquor stores was associated with 23 fewer homicides, which translated to $28.7 million and 409 DALYs.
For preventing homicides, the strategy of removing liquor stores in residential zones was preferred because it was associated with substantial reductions in homicides without closing unacceptably high numbers of outlets. It is possible that policies that close the bars/taverns operating as liquor stores would be associated with decreases in other types of violent crime.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Alcohol Research Documentation, Inc</pub><pmid>32048598</pmid><doi>10.15288/jsad.2020.81.24</doi><tpages>10</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Alcohol Alcoholic Beverages - economics Baltimore Bars Change agents Commerce - economics Cost analysis Cost-Benefit Analysis Crime Victims - economics Criminal justice Criminal Law - economics Density Disability Homicide Homicide - statistics & numerical data Humans Liquor stores Murders & murder attempts Policy Studies Public Policy Shops Violence - prevention & control Violent crime Zoning |
title | The Violence Prevention Potential of Reducing Alcohol Outlet Access in Baltimore, Maryland |
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