Energy Metabolism in Cancer: The Roles of STAT3 and STAT5 in the Regulation of Metabolism-Related Genes
A central characteristic of many types of cancer is altered energy metabolism processes such as enhanced glucose uptake and glycolysis and decreased oxidative metabolism. The regulation of energy metabolism is an elaborate process involving regulatory proteins such as HIF (pro-metastatic protein), w...
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description | A central characteristic of many types of cancer is altered energy metabolism processes such as enhanced glucose uptake and glycolysis and decreased oxidative metabolism. The regulation of energy metabolism is an elaborate process involving regulatory proteins such as HIF (pro-metastatic protein), which reduces oxidative metabolism, and some other proteins such as tumour suppressors that promote oxidative phosphorylation. In recent years, it has been demonstrated that signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins play a pivotal role in metabolism regulation. STAT3 and STAT5 are essential regulators of cytokine- or growth factor-induced cell survival and proliferation, as well as the crosstalk between STAT signalling and oxidative metabolism. Several reports suggest that the constitutive activation of STAT proteins promotes glycolysis through the transcriptional activation of hypoxia-inducible factors and therefore, the alteration of mitochondrial activity. It seems that STAT proteins function as an integrative centre for different growth and survival signals for energy and respiratory metabolism. This review summarises the functions of STAT3 and STAT5 in the regulation of some metabolism-related genes and the importance of oxygen in the tumour microenvironment to regulate cell metabolism, particularly in the metabolic pathways that are involved in energy production in cancer cells. |
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The regulation of energy metabolism is an elaborate process involving regulatory proteins such as HIF (pro-metastatic protein), which reduces oxidative metabolism, and some other proteins such as tumour suppressors that promote oxidative phosphorylation. In recent years, it has been demonstrated that signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins play a pivotal role in metabolism regulation. STAT3 and STAT5 are essential regulators of cytokine- or growth factor-induced cell survival and proliferation, as well as the crosstalk between STAT signalling and oxidative metabolism. Several reports suggest that the constitutive activation of STAT proteins promotes glycolysis through the transcriptional activation of hypoxia-inducible factors and therefore, the alteration of mitochondrial activity. It seems that STAT proteins function as an integrative centre for different growth and survival signals for energy and respiratory metabolism. This review summarises the functions of STAT3 and STAT5 in the regulation of some metabolism-related genes and the importance of oxygen in the tumour microenvironment to regulate cell metabolism, particularly in the metabolic pathways that are involved in energy production in cancer cells.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2072-6694</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2072-6694</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010124</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31947710</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Amino acids ; Cancer ; Cell cycle ; Cell survival ; Cytokines ; Dehydrogenases ; Energy ; Energy metabolism ; Enzymes ; Fatty acids ; Gene expression ; Gene regulation ; Glucose ; Glycolysis ; Hypoxia ; Hypoxia-inducible factors ; Metabolic pathways ; Metabolism ; Metabolites ; Metastases ; Microenvironments ; Mitochondria ; Oxidation ; Oxidative metabolism ; Oxidative phosphorylation ; Phosphorylation ; Protein turnover ; Proteins ; Regulatory proteins ; Respiration ; Review ; Signal transduction ; Stat3 protein ; Stat5 protein ; Transcription activation ; Tumor microenvironment ; Tumors</subject><ispartof>Cancers, 2020-01, Vol.12 (1), p.124</ispartof><rights>2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). 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The regulation of energy metabolism is an elaborate process involving regulatory proteins such as HIF (pro-metastatic protein), which reduces oxidative metabolism, and some other proteins such as tumour suppressors that promote oxidative phosphorylation. In recent years, it has been demonstrated that signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins play a pivotal role in metabolism regulation. STAT3 and STAT5 are essential regulators of cytokine- or growth factor-induced cell survival and proliferation, as well as the crosstalk between STAT signalling and oxidative metabolism. Several reports suggest that the constitutive activation of STAT proteins promotes glycolysis through the transcriptional activation of hypoxia-inducible factors and therefore, the alteration of mitochondrial activity. It seems that STAT proteins function as an integrative centre for different growth and survival signals for energy and respiratory metabolism. This review summarises the functions of STAT3 and STAT5 in the regulation of some metabolism-related genes and the importance of oxygen in the tumour microenvironment to regulate cell metabolism, particularly in the metabolic pathways that are involved in energy production in cancer cells.</description><subject>Amino acids</subject><subject>Cancer</subject><subject>Cell cycle</subject><subject>Cell survival</subject><subject>Cytokines</subject><subject>Dehydrogenases</subject><subject>Energy</subject><subject>Energy metabolism</subject><subject>Enzymes</subject><subject>Fatty acids</subject><subject>Gene expression</subject><subject>Gene regulation</subject><subject>Glucose</subject><subject>Glycolysis</subject><subject>Hypoxia</subject><subject>Hypoxia-inducible factors</subject><subject>Metabolic pathways</subject><subject>Metabolism</subject><subject>Metabolites</subject><subject>Metastases</subject><subject>Microenvironments</subject><subject>Mitochondria</subject><subject>Oxidation</subject><subject>Oxidative metabolism</subject><subject>Oxidative phosphorylation</subject><subject>Phosphorylation</subject><subject>Protein turnover</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Regulatory proteins</subject><subject>Respiration</subject><subject>Review</subject><subject>Signal transduction</subject><subject>Stat3 protein</subject><subject>Stat5 protein</subject><subject>Transcription activation</subject><subject>Tumor microenvironment</subject><subject>Tumors</subject><issn>2072-6694</issn><issn>2072-6694</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkUlLBDEQhYMoKurZmwS8eGnN1lk8CDKMCyiCjueQTteMLT2JJt2C_96ecVzrkiL11aMeD6F9So45N-TEu-AhZcoIJZSJNbTNiGKFlEas_-q30F7Oz2QozqmSahNtcWqEUpRso9k4QJq941voXBXbJs9xE_BoqXyKJ0-A72MLGccpfpicTzh2oV525YLrFnOY9a3rmhgW0I9OcQ_DN9T4EgLkXbQxdW2GvdW7gx4vxpPRVXFzd3k9Or8pvNCqK5youKo0I9pUshS8Vo45WmuQwitaK82Fp7r0sqrrqXGemcEl86BUZUzpNd9BZ5-6L301h9pD6JJr7Utq5i692-ga-3cSmic7i29WESq1NoPA0UogxdcecmfnTfbQti5A7LNlXFBJheBqQA__oc-xT2GwZ1kplKRUKDJQJ5-UTzHnBNPvYyixixztvxyHjYPfHr75r9T4B_jLmKk</recordid><startdate>20200103</startdate><enddate>20200103</enddate><creator>Valle-Mendiola, Arturo</creator><creator>Soto-Cruz, Isabel</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TO</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6782-4547</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20200103</creationdate><title>Energy Metabolism in Cancer: The Roles of STAT3 and STAT5 in the Regulation of Metabolism-Related Genes</title><author>Valle-Mendiola, Arturo ; Soto-Cruz, Isabel</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c487t-a4b37b82089b6543d7a2a1d8e64c71d7834c185c6bddf9ac290722ce77b995c83</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Amino acids</topic><topic>Cancer</topic><topic>Cell cycle</topic><topic>Cell survival</topic><topic>Cytokines</topic><topic>Dehydrogenases</topic><topic>Energy</topic><topic>Energy metabolism</topic><topic>Enzymes</topic><topic>Fatty acids</topic><topic>Gene expression</topic><topic>Gene regulation</topic><topic>Glucose</topic><topic>Glycolysis</topic><topic>Hypoxia</topic><topic>Hypoxia-inducible factors</topic><topic>Metabolic pathways</topic><topic>Metabolism</topic><topic>Metabolites</topic><topic>Metastases</topic><topic>Microenvironments</topic><topic>Mitochondria</topic><topic>Oxidation</topic><topic>Oxidative metabolism</topic><topic>Oxidative phosphorylation</topic><topic>Phosphorylation</topic><topic>Protein turnover</topic><topic>Proteins</topic><topic>Regulatory proteins</topic><topic>Respiration</topic><topic>Review</topic><topic>Signal transduction</topic><topic>Stat3 protein</topic><topic>Stat5 protein</topic><topic>Transcription activation</topic><topic>Tumor microenvironment</topic><topic>Tumors</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Valle-Mendiola, Arturo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Soto-Cruz, Isabel</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Oncogenes and Growth Factors Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Cancers</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Valle-Mendiola, Arturo</au><au>Soto-Cruz, Isabel</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Energy Metabolism in Cancer: The Roles of STAT3 and STAT5 in the Regulation of Metabolism-Related Genes</atitle><jtitle>Cancers</jtitle><addtitle>Cancers (Basel)</addtitle><date>2020-01-03</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>12</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>124</spage><pages>124-</pages><issn>2072-6694</issn><eissn>2072-6694</eissn><abstract>A central characteristic of many types of cancer is altered energy metabolism processes such as enhanced glucose uptake and glycolysis and decreased oxidative metabolism. 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subjects | Amino acids Cancer Cell cycle Cell survival Cytokines Dehydrogenases Energy Energy metabolism Enzymes Fatty acids Gene expression Gene regulation Glucose Glycolysis Hypoxia Hypoxia-inducible factors Metabolic pathways Metabolism Metabolites Metastases Microenvironments Mitochondria Oxidation Oxidative metabolism Oxidative phosphorylation Phosphorylation Protein turnover Proteins Regulatory proteins Respiration Review Signal transduction Stat3 protein Stat5 protein Transcription activation Tumor microenvironment Tumors |
title | Energy Metabolism in Cancer: The Roles of STAT3 and STAT5 in the Regulation of Metabolism-Related Genes |
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