Energy Metabolism in Cancer: The Roles of STAT3 and STAT5 in the Regulation of Metabolism-Related Genes

A central characteristic of many types of cancer is altered energy metabolism processes such as enhanced glucose uptake and glycolysis and decreased oxidative metabolism. The regulation of energy metabolism is an elaborate process involving regulatory proteins such as HIF (pro-metastatic protein), w...

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Veröffentlicht in:Cancers 2020-01, Vol.12 (1), p.124
Hauptverfasser: Valle-Mendiola, Arturo, Soto-Cruz, Isabel
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container_title Cancers
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creator Valle-Mendiola, Arturo
Soto-Cruz, Isabel
description A central characteristic of many types of cancer is altered energy metabolism processes such as enhanced glucose uptake and glycolysis and decreased oxidative metabolism. The regulation of energy metabolism is an elaborate process involving regulatory proteins such as HIF (pro-metastatic protein), which reduces oxidative metabolism, and some other proteins such as tumour suppressors that promote oxidative phosphorylation. In recent years, it has been demonstrated that signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins play a pivotal role in metabolism regulation. STAT3 and STAT5 are essential regulators of cytokine- or growth factor-induced cell survival and proliferation, as well as the crosstalk between STAT signalling and oxidative metabolism. Several reports suggest that the constitutive activation of STAT proteins promotes glycolysis through the transcriptional activation of hypoxia-inducible factors and therefore, the alteration of mitochondrial activity. It seems that STAT proteins function as an integrative centre for different growth and survival signals for energy and respiratory metabolism. This review summarises the functions of STAT3 and STAT5 in the regulation of some metabolism-related genes and the importance of oxygen in the tumour microenvironment to regulate cell metabolism, particularly in the metabolic pathways that are involved in energy production in cancer cells.
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subjects Amino acids
Cancer
Cell cycle
Cell survival
Cytokines
Dehydrogenases
Energy
Energy metabolism
Enzymes
Fatty acids
Gene expression
Gene regulation
Glucose
Glycolysis
Hypoxia
Hypoxia-inducible factors
Metabolic pathways
Metabolism
Metabolites
Metastases
Microenvironments
Mitochondria
Oxidation
Oxidative metabolism
Oxidative phosphorylation
Phosphorylation
Protein turnover
Proteins
Regulatory proteins
Respiration
Review
Signal transduction
Stat3 protein
Stat5 protein
Transcription activation
Tumor microenvironment
Tumors
title Energy Metabolism in Cancer: The Roles of STAT3 and STAT5 in the Regulation of Metabolism-Related Genes
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